基于不同权重的栖息地指数模型预报阿根廷滑柔鱼中心渔场
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摘要
本文根据2003-2009年1-5月和2011年1-5月西南大西洋海域阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)的生产数据,结合遥感获得的海表面温度(SST)和海表面高度(SSH)数据,利用不同权重的栖息地指数模型来预报阿根廷滑柔鱼的中心渔场。采用外包络法,利用作业次数与SST、SSH建立适应性指数(SI)模型,依据作业次数比重和产量比重来比较不同权重的算术加权模型(AWM),从而筛选出最佳模型,并对最佳模型进行验证。结果显示,确定AWM(a=0.3,SST权重为0.3,SSH的权重为0.7)为最佳模型,当栖息地适应性指数(HSI)大于0.6时,作业次数的比重为93.23%,产量比重为89.28%,当HSI小于0.4时,作业次数的比重为2.12%,产量比重为3.35%。利用2011年1-5月的生产数据和环境数据对AWM(a=0.3)进行验证,结果显示,在HSI大于0.6的海域,各月作业次数比重均在91%以上,产量比重均在95%以上。研究表明,在阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场形成中SSH比SST更为重要,基于SST和SSH的AWM(a=0.3)能够较好地预测西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼的中心渔场。
In this study,according to the Chinese squid fishing production data during the main fishing season(January to May)from 2003 to 2005,and 2011,combined with sea surface temperature(SST)and sea surface height(SSH),We attempt to forecast fishing ground of Illex argentinus based on habitat suitability models with different weights.The suitability index was built by external envelope method,and the arithmetic weighted model(AWM)with different weights were compared and the best habitat suitability index(HSI)model was selected based on the percentage of fishing efforts(fishing days)and catch.Results show that,when HSI value was greater than 0.6,the percentage of fishing efforts was 93.23%and the percentage of catch was 89.28%,and when HSI value was less than 0.4,the percentage of fishing efforts was 2.12%and the percentage of catch was 3.35% by using AWM(a=0.3,the weights of SST and SSH are 0.3and 0.7respectively).Compared with AWM with other four weights,the percentage of fishing efforts and of catch were larger when HSI value was greater than 0.6,and the percentage of fishing efforts and catch were smaller when HSI value was less than 0.4.Therefore,given to the percentage of fishing efforts and the percentage of catch,the AWM(a=0.3)was selected to be the best HSI model,defined as HSI=0.3SISST+0.7SISSH,indicating that SSH is more important than SST in estimating the HSIof squid.According to the data from January to May in 2011,we found that the main fishing ground is distributed in the waters with HSI more than 0.6from the AWM(a=0.3),and the percentage of fishing efforts reached more than 91%and the percentage of catch were above 95%.The results indicate that SSH is more important than SST in the formation of fishing ground of Illex argentinus,and the AWM(a=0.3)based on SST and SSH can better forecast the fishing grounds of Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic.
In this study,according to the Chinese squid fishing production data during the main fishing season(January to May)from 2003 to 2005,and 2011,combined with sea surface temperature(SST)and sea surface height(SSH),We attempt to forecast fishing ground of Illex argentinus based on habitat suitability models with different weights.The suitability index was built by external envelope method,and the arithmetic weighted model(AWM)with different weights were compared and the best habitat suitability index(HSI)model was selected based on the percentage of fishing efforts(fishing days)and catch.Results show that,when HSI value was greater than 0.6,the percentage of fishing efforts was 93.23%and the percentage of catch was 89.28%,and when HSI value was less than 0.4,the percentage of fishing efforts was 2.12%and the percentage of catch was 3.35% by using AWM(a=0.3,the weights of SST and SSH are 0.3and 0.7respectively).Compared with AWM with other four weights,the percentage of fishing efforts and of catch were larger when HSI value was greater than 0.6,and the percentage of fishing efforts and catch were smaller when HSI value was less than 0.4.Therefore,given to the percentage of fishing efforts and the percentage of catch,the AWM(a=0.3)was selected to be the best HSI model,defined as HSI=0.3SISST+0.7SISSH,indicating that SSH is more important than SST in estimating the HSIof squid.According to the data from January to May in 2011,we found that the main fishing ground is distributed in the waters with HSI more than 0.6from the AWM(a=0.3),and the percentage of fishing efforts reached more than 91%and the percentage of catch were above 95%.The results indicate that SSH is more important than SST in the formation of fishing ground of Illex argentinus,and the AWM(a=0.3)based on SST and SSH can better forecast the fishing grounds of Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic.
引文
[1]Castellanos Z A.Una nueva especie de calamar argentino Ommastrephes argentinus sp.nov.(Mollusca,Cephalopoda)[J].Neotropica,1960,6(20):55-58.
[2]王尧耕,陈新军.世界大洋性经济柔鱼资源及其渔业[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005:190-194.Wang Yaogeng,Chen Xinjun.Resources and Fisheries of the Economic oceanic spuid in the World[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2005:190-194.
[3]Anderson T J,Syms C,Roberts D A,et al.Multi-scale fish-habitat associations and the use of habitat surrogates to predict the organisation and abundance of deep-water fish assemblages[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2009,379(1/2):34-42.
[4]Block B A,Costa D P,Boehlert G W,et al.Revealing pelagic habitat use:the tagging of Pacific pelagics program[J].Oceanologica Acta,2002,25(5):255-266.
[5]Freeman S M,Rogers S I.A new analytical approach to the characterisation of macro-epibenthic habitats:linking species to the environment[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2003,56(3/4):749-764.
[6]Stoner A W,Spencer M L,Ryer C H.Flatfish-habitat associations in Alaska nursery grounds:use of continuous video records for multi-scale spatial analysis[J].Journal of Sea Research,2007,57(2/3):137-150.
[7]陈新军,赵小虎.西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼产量分布与表温关系的初步研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2005,20(3):222-228.Chen Xinjun,Zhao Xiaohu.The relationship between the distribution of production of squid Illex argentinus and sea surface temperature in the southwest Atlantic Ocean[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2005,20(3):222-228.
[8]陈新军,刘金立.巴塔哥尼亚大陆架海域阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场分布及与表温的关系分析[J].海洋水产研究,2004,25(6):19-24.Chen Xinjun,Liu Jinli.Preliminary analysis on the relationship between the distribution of fishing ground of Illex argentius and SST in the Patagonian shelf[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2004,25(6):19-24.
[9]陆化杰,陈新军.2006年西南大西洋鱿钓渔场与表温和海面高度距平值的关系[J].大连水产学院学报,2008,23(3):230-234.Lu Huajie,Chen Xinjun.Relationship fishing squid of squid jigging and sea surface temperature,sea surface height in the Southwest Atlantic in2006[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2008,23(3):230-234.
[10]陈新军,陆化杰,刘必林,等.利用栖息地指数预测西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(3):431-438.Chen Xinjun,Lu Huajie,Liu Bilin,et al.Forecasting fishing ground of Illex argentinus by using habitat suitability model in the southwest Atlantic[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(3):431-438.
[11]Waluda C,Rodhouse P,PodestG,et al.Surface oceanography of the inferred hatching grounds of Illex argentinus(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae)and influences on recruitment variability[J].Marine Biology,2001,139(4):671-679.
[12]Waluda C M,Trathan P N,Rodhouse P G.Influence of oceanographic variability on recruitment in the Illex argentinus(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae)fishery in the South Atlantic[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,1999,183:159-167.
[13]Duel H,Pedroli B,Laane W E M.The habitat evaluation procedure in the policy analysis of inland waters in the Netherlands:towards ecological rehabilitation[C]//Leclerc M,Carpa H,Valentin S,et al.Ecohydraulics.Quebec:International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics,2000,2:619-630.
[14]冯波,田思泉,陈新军.基于分位数回归的西南太平洋阿根廷滑柔鱼栖息地模型研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2010(1):15-22.Feng Bo,Tian Siquan,Chen Xinjun.The habitat suitability index of Illex argentinus by using quantile regression method in the southwest Atlantic[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2010(1):15-22.
[15]高峰,陈新军,范江涛,等.西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼中心渔场预报的实现及验证[J].上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(5):754-758.Gao Feng,Chen Xinjun,Fan Jiangtao,et al.Implementation and verification of intelligent fishing ground forecasting of Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(5):754-758.
[16]陈新军,冯波,许柳雄.印度洋大眼金枪鱼栖息地指数研究及其比较[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):269-278.Chen Xinjun,Feng Bo,Xu Liuxiong.A comparative study on habitat suitability index of bigeye tuna,Thunnus obesus in the Indian Ocean[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2008,15(2):269-278.
[17]陈新军.渔业资源与渔场学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004:16-215.Chen Xinjun.Fishery Resources and Fishery Oceanography[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004:16-215.
[18]Andrade H A,Garcia C A E.Skipjack tuna fishery in relation to sea surface temperature off the southern Brazilian coast[J].Fisheries Oceanography,1999,8(4):245-254.
[19]Mohri M,Nishida T.Seasonal changes in bigeye tuna fishing areas in relation to the oceanographic parameters in the Indian Ocean[J].Journal of National Fisheries University,1999,47(2):43-54.
[20]郭爱.中西太平洋金枪鱼围网鲣鱼渔况变动规律初步研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2008:19-20.Guo Ai.The fishing condition laws of skipjack Katsuwonus pelamis purse-seine in the western-central Pacific Ocean[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University,2008:19-20.
[21]Chen X J,Tian S Q,Liu B L,et al.Modeling a habitat suitability index for the eastern fall cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii in the central North Pacific Ocean[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2011,29(3):493-504.
[22]汪金涛,高峰,雷林,等.基于产卵场环境因子的阿根廷滑柔鱼资源补充量预报模型研究[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):119-124.Wang Jintao,Gao Feng,Lei Lin,et al.Study on forecasting model of recruitment for Illex argentinus by using the environmental factors in the spawning ground[J].Haiyang Xuebao,2014,36(12):119-124.
[23]Polito P S,Sato O T,Liu W T.Characterization and validation of the heat storage variability from TOPEX/Poseidon at four oceanographic sites[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978-2012),2000,105(C7):16911-16921.
[24]Le Pape O,Chauvet F,Mahévas S,et al.Quantitative description of habitat suitability for the juvenile common sole(Solea solea,L.)in the Bay of Biscay(France)and the contribution of different habitats to the adult population[J].Journal of Sea Research,2003,50(2/3):139-149.
[25]Zagaglia C R,Lorenzzetti J A,Stech J L.Remote sensing data and longline catches of yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacares)in the equatorial Atlantic[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,93(1/2):267-281.
[26]Bertrand A,Josse E,Bach P,et al.Hydrological and trophic characteristics of tuna habitat:consequences on tuna distribution and longline catchability[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2002,59(6):1002-1013.
[27]Gillis D M,Peterman R M,Tyler A V.Movement dynamics in a fishery:application of the ideal free distribution to spatial allocation of effort[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1993,50(2):323-333.
[28]冯永玖,杨铭霞,陈新军.基于Voronoi图与空间自相关的西北太平洋柔鱼资源空间聚集特征分析[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):74-84.Feng Yongjiu,Yang Mingxia,Chen Xinjun.Aanlyzing spatial aggregation of Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean based on Voronoi diagram and spatial autocorrelation[J].Haiyang Xuebao,2014,36(12):74-84.
[2]王尧耕,陈新军.世界大洋性经济柔鱼资源及其渔业[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005:190-194.Wang Yaogeng,Chen Xinjun.Resources and Fisheries of the Economic oceanic spuid in the World[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2005:190-194.
[3]Anderson T J,Syms C,Roberts D A,et al.Multi-scale fish-habitat associations and the use of habitat surrogates to predict the organisation and abundance of deep-water fish assemblages[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2009,379(1/2):34-42.
[4]Block B A,Costa D P,Boehlert G W,et al.Revealing pelagic habitat use:the tagging of Pacific pelagics program[J].Oceanologica Acta,2002,25(5):255-266.
[5]Freeman S M,Rogers S I.A new analytical approach to the characterisation of macro-epibenthic habitats:linking species to the environment[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2003,56(3/4):749-764.
[6]Stoner A W,Spencer M L,Ryer C H.Flatfish-habitat associations in Alaska nursery grounds:use of continuous video records for multi-scale spatial analysis[J].Journal of Sea Research,2007,57(2/3):137-150.
[7]陈新军,赵小虎.西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼产量分布与表温关系的初步研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2005,20(3):222-228.Chen Xinjun,Zhao Xiaohu.The relationship between the distribution of production of squid Illex argentinus and sea surface temperature in the southwest Atlantic Ocean[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2005,20(3):222-228.
[8]陈新军,刘金立.巴塔哥尼亚大陆架海域阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场分布及与表温的关系分析[J].海洋水产研究,2004,25(6):19-24.Chen Xinjun,Liu Jinli.Preliminary analysis on the relationship between the distribution of fishing ground of Illex argentius and SST in the Patagonian shelf[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2004,25(6):19-24.
[9]陆化杰,陈新军.2006年西南大西洋鱿钓渔场与表温和海面高度距平值的关系[J].大连水产学院学报,2008,23(3):230-234.Lu Huajie,Chen Xinjun.Relationship fishing squid of squid jigging and sea surface temperature,sea surface height in the Southwest Atlantic in2006[J].Journal of Dalian Fisheries University,2008,23(3):230-234.
[10]陈新军,陆化杰,刘必林,等.利用栖息地指数预测西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(3):431-438.Chen Xinjun,Lu Huajie,Liu Bilin,et al.Forecasting fishing ground of Illex argentinus by using habitat suitability model in the southwest Atlantic[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(3):431-438.
[11]Waluda C,Rodhouse P,PodestG,et al.Surface oceanography of the inferred hatching grounds of Illex argentinus(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae)and influences on recruitment variability[J].Marine Biology,2001,139(4):671-679.
[12]Waluda C M,Trathan P N,Rodhouse P G.Influence of oceanographic variability on recruitment in the Illex argentinus(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae)fishery in the South Atlantic[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,1999,183:159-167.
[13]Duel H,Pedroli B,Laane W E M.The habitat evaluation procedure in the policy analysis of inland waters in the Netherlands:towards ecological rehabilitation[C]//Leclerc M,Carpa H,Valentin S,et al.Ecohydraulics.Quebec:International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics,2000,2:619-630.
[14]冯波,田思泉,陈新军.基于分位数回归的西南太平洋阿根廷滑柔鱼栖息地模型研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2010(1):15-22.Feng Bo,Tian Siquan,Chen Xinjun.The habitat suitability index of Illex argentinus by using quantile regression method in the southwest Atlantic[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2010(1):15-22.
[15]高峰,陈新军,范江涛,等.西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼中心渔场预报的实现及验证[J].上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(5):754-758.Gao Feng,Chen Xinjun,Fan Jiangtao,et al.Implementation and verification of intelligent fishing ground forecasting of Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(5):754-758.
[16]陈新军,冯波,许柳雄.印度洋大眼金枪鱼栖息地指数研究及其比较[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(2):269-278.Chen Xinjun,Feng Bo,Xu Liuxiong.A comparative study on habitat suitability index of bigeye tuna,Thunnus obesus in the Indian Ocean[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2008,15(2):269-278.
[17]陈新军.渔业资源与渔场学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004:16-215.Chen Xinjun.Fishery Resources and Fishery Oceanography[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004:16-215.
[18]Andrade H A,Garcia C A E.Skipjack tuna fishery in relation to sea surface temperature off the southern Brazilian coast[J].Fisheries Oceanography,1999,8(4):245-254.
[19]Mohri M,Nishida T.Seasonal changes in bigeye tuna fishing areas in relation to the oceanographic parameters in the Indian Ocean[J].Journal of National Fisheries University,1999,47(2):43-54.
[20]郭爱.中西太平洋金枪鱼围网鲣鱼渔况变动规律初步研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2008:19-20.Guo Ai.The fishing condition laws of skipjack Katsuwonus pelamis purse-seine in the western-central Pacific Ocean[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University,2008:19-20.
[21]Chen X J,Tian S Q,Liu B L,et al.Modeling a habitat suitability index for the eastern fall cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii in the central North Pacific Ocean[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2011,29(3):493-504.
[22]汪金涛,高峰,雷林,等.基于产卵场环境因子的阿根廷滑柔鱼资源补充量预报模型研究[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):119-124.Wang Jintao,Gao Feng,Lei Lin,et al.Study on forecasting model of recruitment for Illex argentinus by using the environmental factors in the spawning ground[J].Haiyang Xuebao,2014,36(12):119-124.
[23]Polito P S,Sato O T,Liu W T.Characterization and validation of the heat storage variability from TOPEX/Poseidon at four oceanographic sites[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans(1978-2012),2000,105(C7):16911-16921.
[24]Le Pape O,Chauvet F,Mahévas S,et al.Quantitative description of habitat suitability for the juvenile common sole(Solea solea,L.)in the Bay of Biscay(France)and the contribution of different habitats to the adult population[J].Journal of Sea Research,2003,50(2/3):139-149.
[25]Zagaglia C R,Lorenzzetti J A,Stech J L.Remote sensing data and longline catches of yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacares)in the equatorial Atlantic[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,93(1/2):267-281.
[26]Bertrand A,Josse E,Bach P,et al.Hydrological and trophic characteristics of tuna habitat:consequences on tuna distribution and longline catchability[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2002,59(6):1002-1013.
[27]Gillis D M,Peterman R M,Tyler A V.Movement dynamics in a fishery:application of the ideal free distribution to spatial allocation of effort[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1993,50(2):323-333.
[28]冯永玖,杨铭霞,陈新军.基于Voronoi图与空间自相关的西北太平洋柔鱼资源空间聚集特征分析[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):74-84.Feng Yongjiu,Yang Mingxia,Chen Xinjun.Aanlyzing spatial aggregation of Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean based on Voronoi diagram and spatial autocorrelation[J].Haiyang Xuebao,2014,36(12):74-84.