2,4-表油菜素内酯处理对桃果实软腐病及能量代谢的影响
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摘要
研究了2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-epibrassionolide,EBR)处理对‘白凤’桃果实采后软腐病发生及能量代谢的影响。桃果实先用不同浓度(0、1、5、10μmol/L)EBR溶液浸泡10 min后接种匍枝根霉,后在(20±1)℃下贮藏60 h。结果表明:5μmol/L的EBR处理能最显著抑制桃果实病斑直径和发病率的上升(P<0.05),同时保持桃果实较好的贮藏品质。与仅接种匍枝根霉的对照组相比,EBR处理能提高Ca~(2+)-ATPase、H+-ATPase、琥珀酸脱氢酶和线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶活力,延缓三磷酸腺苷和二磷酸腺苷含量的下降,抑制一磷酸腺苷含量的上升,从而维持较高的能荷水平;相关性分析显示,对照组(r=-0.939,P<0.01)和EBR处理组(r=-0.962,P<0.01)桃果实的发病率和能荷水平均呈显著负相关。因此,EBR处理抑制桃果实采后软腐病的发生与其维持较高的能荷水平有关。
The effect of 2,4-epibrassionolide(EBR) treatment on Rhizopus rot and energy metabolism in postharvest peach fruit(Prunus persica(L.) Batsch cv Baifeng) was investigated. Peach fruit were treated with EBR solutions of different concentrations(0, 1, 5 and 10 μmol/L) for 10 min, then inoculated with Rhizopus stolonifer, and ?nally stored at(20 ± 1) ℃ for 60 hours. The results showed that treatment with EBR at 5 μmol/L was the most effective in suppressing the increase in lesion diameter and disease incidence in peach fruit(P < 0.05) and maintaining good quality during storage.Compared with the control group with the inoculation of Rhizopus stolonifer alone, EBR treatment could increase the activity of Ca~(2+)-ATPase, H+-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase, delay the decrease in adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate contents, and inhibit the increase in adenosine monophosphate content, thus maintaining high energy level of peach fruit. Correlation analysis showed that disease incidence and energy level were signi?cantly negatively correlated in the control(r =-0.939, P < 0.01) and EBR treatment groups(r =-0.962, P < 0.01). These results suggested that EBR treatment could inhibit Rhizopus rot of postharvest peach fruit, which may be related to maintenance of high energy level.
The effect of 2,4-epibrassionolide(EBR) treatment on Rhizopus rot and energy metabolism in postharvest peach fruit(Prunus persica(L.) Batsch cv Baifeng) was investigated. Peach fruit were treated with EBR solutions of different concentrations(0, 1, 5 and 10 μmol/L) for 10 min, then inoculated with Rhizopus stolonifer, and ?nally stored at(20 ± 1) ℃ for 60 hours. The results showed that treatment with EBR at 5 μmol/L was the most effective in suppressing the increase in lesion diameter and disease incidence in peach fruit(P < 0.05) and maintaining good quality during storage.Compared with the control group with the inoculation of Rhizopus stolonifer alone, EBR treatment could increase the activity of Ca~(2+)-ATPase, H+-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase, delay the decrease in adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate contents, and inhibit the increase in adenosine monophosphate content, thus maintaining high energy level of peach fruit. Correlation analysis showed that disease incidence and energy level were signi?cantly negatively correlated in the control(r =-0.939, P < 0.01) and EBR treatment groups(r =-0.962, P < 0.01). These results suggested that EBR treatment could inhibit Rhizopus rot of postharvest peach fruit, which may be related to maintenance of high energy level.
引文
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[21]JIN Peng,ZHU Hong,WANG Jing,et al.Effect of methyl jasmonate on energy metabolism in peach fruit during chilling stress[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2013,93(8):1827-1832.DOI:10.1002/jsfa.5973.
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[25]YI C,QU H X,JIANG Y M,et al.Roles of energy in senescence and disease development of harvested litchi fruit[J].Acta Horticulturae,2008,804:347-354.DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.804.49.
[26]WANG H,QIAN Z J,MA S M,et al.Energy status of ripening and postharvest senescent fruit of litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)[J].BMCPlant Biology,2013,13(1):1-16.DOI:10.1186/1471-2229-13-55.
[27]QU H X,YI C,JIANG Y M.Loss of pathogen resistance by harvested horticultural crops[J].Stewart Postharvest Review,2008,4(2):1-4.
[28]YI C,QU H X,JIANG Y M,et al.ATP-induced changes in energy status and membrane integrity of harvested litchi fruit and its relation to pathogen resistance[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2008,156(6):365-371.DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2007.01371.x.
[29]TIAN S P,QIN G Z,LI B Q.Reactive oxygen species involved in regulating fruit senescence and fungal pathogenicity[J].Plant Molecular Biology,2013,82(6):593-602.DOI:10.1007/s11103-013-0035-2.
[30]LIU Zhanli,LI Li,LUO Zisheng,et al.Effect of brassinolide on energy status and proline metabolism in postharvest bamboo shoot during chilling stress[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,111:240-246.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.09.016.
[31]AZEVEDO I G,OLIVEIRA J G,DA SILVA M G,et al.P-type H+-ATPases activity,membrane integrity,and apoplastic pH during papaya fruit ripening[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2008,48(2):242-247.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.11.001.
[32]PALMGREN M G,HARPER J F.Pumping with plant P-type ATPases[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1999,50:883-893.DOI:10.1093/jxb/50.Special_Issue.883.
[33]MILLAR A H,ATKIN O K,LAMBERS H,et al.A critique of the use of inhibitors to estimate partitioning of electrons between mitochondrial respiratory pathways in plants[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1995,95(4):523-532.DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb05518.x.
[2]KORSTEN L.Advances in control of postharvest diseases in tropical fresh produce[J].International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation,2006,1(1):48-61.DOI:10.1504/IJPTI.2006.009181.
[3]HUANG Z H,GUO L F,WANG H,et al.Energy status of kiwifruit stored under different temperatures or exposed to long-term anaerobic conditions or pure oxygen[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2014,98:56-64.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.07.008.
[4]CHEN Y H,LIN H T,JIANG Y M,et al.Phomopsis longanae Chiinduced pericarp browning and disease development of harvested longan fruit in association with energy status[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2014,93:24-28.D O I:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.02.003.
[5]YI Chun,JIANG Yueming,SHI J,et al.ATP-regulation of antioxidant properties and phenolics in litchi fruit during browning and pathogen infection process[J].Food Chemistry,2010,118(1):42-47.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.04.074.
[6]CAO Shifeng,CAI Yuting,YANG Zhenfeng,et al.Effect of MeJA treatment on polyamine,energy status and anthracnose rot of loquat fruit[J].Food Chemistry,2014,145:86-89.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.019.
[7]CHEN M Y,LIN H T,ZHANG S,et al.Effects of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)treatment on postharvest physiology,quality and storage behavior of longan fruit[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2015,8(5):971-982.
[8]ZHANG S,LIN H T,LIN Y F,et al.Energy status regulates disease development and respiratory metabolism of Lasiodiplodia theobromae(Pat.)Griff.&Maubl.-infected longan fruit[J].Food Chemistry,2017,231:238-246.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.132.
[9]GE Y H,WEI M L,LI C Y,et al.Effect of acibenzolar-S-methyl on energy metabolism and blue mould of Nanguo pear fruit[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2017,225:221-225.DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2017.07.012.
[10]WANG Jing,CAO Shifeng,WANG Lei,et al.Effect ofβ-aminobutyric acid on disease resistance against Rhizopus rot in harvested peaches[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2018,9:1-10.DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01505.
[11]LIN Yifen,CHEN Mengyin,LIN Hetong,et al.DNP and ATPinduced alteration in disease development of Phomopsis longanae Chi-inoculated longan fruit by acting on energy status and reactive oxygen species production-scavenging system[J].Food Chemistry,2017,228:497-505.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.045.
[12]BAJGUZ A,HAYAT S.Effects of brassinosteroids on the plant responses to environmental stresses[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2009,47(1):1-8.DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.10.002.
[13]XIA X J,WANG Y J,ZHOU Y H,et al.Reactive oxygen species are involved in brassinosteroid-induced stress tolerance in cucumber[J].Plant Physiology,2009,150(2):801-814.
[14]ZHU Zhu,ZHANG Zhanquan,QIN Guozheng,et al.Effects of brassinosteroids on postharvest disease and senescence of jujube fruit in storage[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2010,56(1):50-55.DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.10.002.
[15]ZHU F,YUN Z,MA Q L,et al.Effects of exogenous 2,4-epibrassinolide treatment on postharvest quality and resistance of Satsuma mandarin(Citrus unshiu)[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2015,100:8-15.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.09.014.
[16]LIU Qing,XI Zhumei,GAO Jiangman,et al.Effects of exogenous2,4-epibrassinolide to control grey mould and maintain postharvest quality of table grapes[J].International Journal of Food Science and Technology,2016,51(5):1236-1243.DOI:10.1111/ijfs.13066.
[17]JIN Peng,ZHENG Yonghua,TANG Shuangshuang,et al.Acombination of hot air and methyl jasmonate vapor treatment alleviates chilling injury of peach fruit[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,52(1):24-29.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.09.011.
[18]ARAKAWA N,TSUTSUMI K,SANCEDA N G,et al.A rapid and sensitive method for the determination of ascorbic acid using4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline[J].Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan,1981,45(5):1289-1290.DOI:10.1271/bbb1961.45.1289.
[19]LIU Hai,JIANG Weibo,LUO Yunbo,et al.A Simple and rapid determination of ATP,ADP and AMP concentrations in pericarp tissue of litchi fruit by high performance liquid chromatography[J].Food Technology&Biotechnology,2006,44(4):531-534.
[20]LIANG Wusheng,PAN Juan,LIANG Houguo.Activation of cyanideresistant respiration by pyruvate in mitochondria of aged potato tuber slices[J].Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,2003,29(4):317-321.
[21]JIN Peng,ZHU Hong,WANG Jing,et al.Effect of methyl jasmonate on energy metabolism in peach fruit during chilling stress[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2013,93(8):1827-1832.DOI:10.1002/jsfa.5973.
[22]ACKRELL B A C,KEARNEY E B,SINGER T P.Mammalian succinate dehydrogenase[J].Methods in Enzymology,1978,53:466-483.DOI:10.1016/S0076-6879(78)53050-4.
[23]VEITCH K,HOMBROECKX A,CAUCHETEUX D,et al.Global ischaemia induces a biphasic response of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.anoxic pre-perfusion protects against ischaemic damage[J].Biochemical Journal,1992,281:709-715.DOI:10.1042/bj2810709.
[24]李园园,王莉,周梦洁,等.2,4-表油菜素内酯对草莓果实贮藏品质及抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(1):279-284.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201801042.
[25]YI C,QU H X,JIANG Y M,et al.Roles of energy in senescence and disease development of harvested litchi fruit[J].Acta Horticulturae,2008,804:347-354.DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.804.49.
[26]WANG H,QIAN Z J,MA S M,et al.Energy status of ripening and postharvest senescent fruit of litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)[J].BMCPlant Biology,2013,13(1):1-16.DOI:10.1186/1471-2229-13-55.
[27]QU H X,YI C,JIANG Y M.Loss of pathogen resistance by harvested horticultural crops[J].Stewart Postharvest Review,2008,4(2):1-4.
[28]YI C,QU H X,JIANG Y M,et al.ATP-induced changes in energy status and membrane integrity of harvested litchi fruit and its relation to pathogen resistance[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2008,156(6):365-371.DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2007.01371.x.
[29]TIAN S P,QIN G Z,LI B Q.Reactive oxygen species involved in regulating fruit senescence and fungal pathogenicity[J].Plant Molecular Biology,2013,82(6):593-602.DOI:10.1007/s11103-013-0035-2.
[30]LIU Zhanli,LI Li,LUO Zisheng,et al.Effect of brassinolide on energy status and proline metabolism in postharvest bamboo shoot during chilling stress[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,111:240-246.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.09.016.
[31]AZEVEDO I G,OLIVEIRA J G,DA SILVA M G,et al.P-type H+-ATPases activity,membrane integrity,and apoplastic pH during papaya fruit ripening[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2008,48(2):242-247.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.11.001.
[32]PALMGREN M G,HARPER J F.Pumping with plant P-type ATPases[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1999,50:883-893.DOI:10.1093/jxb/50.Special_Issue.883.
[33]MILLAR A H,ATKIN O K,LAMBERS H,et al.A critique of the use of inhibitors to estimate partitioning of electrons between mitochondrial respiratory pathways in plants[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1995,95(4):523-532.DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb05518.x.