某终端原油储罐及管道加热保温改造方案研究
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摘要
某终端因海上新投产平台原油凝点较高,导致进站原油凝点高于环境最低温度。为保证油品储运安全,需考虑对站内已建原油储罐和管道进行加热保温改造。在简要介绍已建原油储运设施参数,对原油温降情况进行计算的基础上,提出了管道的伴热保温方案、原油储罐保温层改造方案、储罐加热保温方案;而后重点对原油储罐加热保温方式(罐内加热法、热油循环法以及罐外电伴热法)进行了对比分析;最后结合该终端目前用地、电负荷等实际情况,推荐了采用增加保温层、热油循环法对储罐进行加热保温的改造方案。
The pour point of the crude oil from a new offshore production platform is higher than the lowest ambient temperature at the station. In order to ensure the safety of oil storage and transportation, it is necessary to consider the heating and thermal insulation renovation of the existing crude oil storage tanks and pipelines at the station. Based on the brief introduction of the parameters of the crude oil storage and transportation facilities and the calculation of the crude oil temperature drop, the electric tracing and thermal insulation scheme of the pipelines, the reconstruction scheme of the thermal insulation layer of the crude oil tanks and the heating and thermal insulation scheme of the crude oil tanks are put forward. Then, the methods of heating and thermal insulation of the crude oil tanks are compared and analyzed, including the tank internal heating method and hot oil circulation method and the tank external electric tracing method. Finally, according to the actual conditions of the terminal, such as land use and electric load, the renovation scheme of heating and thermal insulation of crude oil tanks by adding thermal insulation layer and adopting hot oil circulation is recommended.
The pour point of the crude oil from a new offshore production platform is higher than the lowest ambient temperature at the station. In order to ensure the safety of oil storage and transportation, it is necessary to consider the heating and thermal insulation renovation of the existing crude oil storage tanks and pipelines at the station. Based on the brief introduction of the parameters of the crude oil storage and transportation facilities and the calculation of the crude oil temperature drop, the electric tracing and thermal insulation scheme of the pipelines, the reconstruction scheme of the thermal insulation layer of the crude oil tanks and the heating and thermal insulation scheme of the crude oil tanks are put forward. Then, the methods of heating and thermal insulation of the crude oil tanks are compared and analyzed, including the tank internal heating method and hot oil circulation method and the tank external electric tracing method. Finally, according to the actual conditions of the terminal, such as land use and electric load, the renovation scheme of heating and thermal insulation of crude oil tanks by adding thermal insulation layer and adopting hot oil circulation is recommended.
引文
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[2]油田油气集输设计技术手册编写组.油田油气技术设计技术手册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[3]郭慧军.大型储罐原油的储存及维温方式浅析[J].硅谷,2010,8(18):113.
[4]唐晓寅,张赞牢,王建华,等.管道热边界层减阻理论及应用[M].重庆:重庆出版社,2008.
[5]郭光臣.油库设计与管理[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.