京津冀县域小城镇人口空间分布与格局演化
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摘要
利用2009年、2014年建制镇数据,研究京津冀县域小城镇人口分布特征,分析县域小城镇人口分布与土地、经济的空间均衡性,探讨县域小城镇人口空间格局演化的驱动因素。研究发现京津冀县域小城镇人口密度西北低,东南高;小城镇人口主要集中在京津唐廊四市交界地区与冀中南山麓平原、中部平原地区;小城镇人口增速较快的县域沿铁路沿线分布。京津廊地区是小城镇人口持续的热点区,2014年石家庄、保定取代了邯郸、邢台成为新的小城镇人口热点区,西北部山区与滨海地区共同构成小城镇人口倒U型冷点区,与热点区形成核心—外围空间结构。京津冀县域小城镇人口、土地、经济空间分布不均衡,西北部地区经济水平低且土地极化严重。小城镇人口和经济主要分布在东南部地区,人口与经济重心相互偏离,人均经济水平存在地区差异。京津冀小城镇人口空间格局演化主要受自然因素、经济因素、政策因素影响,自然因素奠定了人口分布的基本格局,而经济因素则对人口空间格局进行了重塑,政策因素对人口的流动有明显的导向作用。
Using the data of 2009 and 2014 to study the population distribution characteristics of small towns in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei County,the spatial equilibrium between the population distribution and the land and economy of the small towns in the county is analyzed,and the driving factors for the evolution of the spatial pattern of the population in the small towns of the county are discussed.The key findings of the paper are that the population density of small towns in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Province are high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The population of small towns is mainly concentrated in the border area between the four cities of Beijing,Tianjin and Langfang and Tangshan. The Beijing Tianjin corridor area is the hot area of the population in small towns. In2014,Shijiazhuang and Baoding replaced Handan and Xingtai as the new small town population hot spots. The northwest mountainous area and the coastal area constitute inverted U-shape cold-pot,and the core periphery space structure is formed with the hot spots. The spatial distribution of population,land and economy in Beijing Tianjin Hebei County is not balanced. The population and economy in small towns are mainly distributed in the southeast area,and the evolution of the spatial pattern of population in small towns in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is mainly influenced by nature,economy and policy factors.
Using the data of 2009 and 2014 to study the population distribution characteristics of small towns in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei County,the spatial equilibrium between the population distribution and the land and economy of the small towns in the county is analyzed,and the driving factors for the evolution of the spatial pattern of the population in the small towns of the county are discussed.The key findings of the paper are that the population density of small towns in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Province are high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The population of small towns is mainly concentrated in the border area between the four cities of Beijing,Tianjin and Langfang and Tangshan. The Beijing Tianjin corridor area is the hot area of the population in small towns. In2014,Shijiazhuang and Baoding replaced Handan and Xingtai as the new small town population hot spots. The northwest mountainous area and the coastal area constitute inverted U-shape cold-pot,and the core periphery space structure is formed with the hot spots. The spatial distribution of population,land and economy in Beijing Tianjin Hebei County is not balanced. The population and economy in small towns are mainly distributed in the southeast area,and the evolution of the spatial pattern of population in small towns in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is mainly influenced by nature,economy and policy factors.
引文
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[16]王婧,刘奔腾,李裕瑞.京津冀地区人口发展格局与问题区域识别[J].经济地理,2017,37(8):27-36.
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[21]白雪.1984-2013年中国经济重心、人口重心轨迹演变及机制探讨[J].热带地理,2015,35(5):762-769.
[2]Herberle R.The cause of the rural-urban migration[J].American Journal of Sociology,1938,43(6):932-950.
[3]Clark C.Urban population densities[J].Journal of Royal Statistical Society:Series A(General),1951,114(4):490-496.
[4]Klaassen L,Paelinck J.Spatial Econometrics[M].Farnborough:Saxon House,1979.
[5]Krugman P.Increasing returns and economic geography[J].Journal of Political Economy,1991,99(3):483-499.
[6]Marcus Berlianta.Bifurcations in regional migration dynamics[J]Regional Science and Urban Economics,2009,39(6):714-720.
[7]李国平,宋昌耀,孙瑀.中国县域小城镇就业岗位对人口集聚的影响研究——基于分位数回归的实证检验[J].地理科学,2017,37(12):1785-1794.
[8]刘国斌,韩世博.人口集聚与城镇化协调发展研究[J].人口学刊,2016,38(2):40-48.
[9]陈心颖.人口集聚对区域劳动生产率的异质性影响[J].人口研究,2015,39(1):85-95.
[10]邓楚雄,李民,宾津佑.湖南省人口分布格局时空变化特征及主要影响因素分析[J].经济地理,2017,37(12):41-48.
[11]杨强,李丽,王运动,等.1935-2010年中国人口分布空间格局及其演变特征[J].地理研究,2016,35(8):1547-1560.
[12]柏中强,王卷乐,杨雅萍,等.基于乡镇尺度的中国25省区人口分布特征及影响因素[J].地理学报,2015,70(8):1229-1242.
[13]封志明,杨艳昭,游珍,等.基于分县尺度的中国人口分布适宜度研究[J].地理学报,2014,69(6):723-737.
[14]陈明星,郭莎莎,陆大道.新型城镇化背景下京津冀城市群流动人口特征与格局[J].地理科学进展,2018,37(3):363-372.
[15]贺三维,邵玺.京津冀地区人口—土地—经济城镇化空间集聚及耦合协调发展研究[J].经济地理,2018,38(1):95-102.
[16]王婧,刘奔腾,李裕瑞.京津冀地区人口发展格局与问题区域识别[J].经济地理,2017,37(8):27-36.
[17]张耀军,张振.京津冀区域人口空间分布影响因素研究[J].人口与发展,2015,21(3):2-9.
[18]俞燕山.我国小城镇改革与发展政策研究[J].改革,2000(1):100-106.
[19]Lorenz M O.Method of measuring the concentration of wealth[J].Publications of the American Statistical Association,1905,70(9):209-219.
[20]杨振,雷军,段祖亮,等.新疆人口的空间分布特征[J].地理研究,2016,35(12):2333-2346.
[21]白雪.1984-2013年中国经济重心、人口重心轨迹演变及机制探讨[J].热带地理,2015,35(5):762-769.