环境约束下中国战略性新兴产业的技术创新效率研究
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摘要
从产业维度和地区维度出发,引入资源环境因素,运用SBM(Slack-based Measure)方向性距离函数和GML(GlobalMalmquist-Luenberger)指数,测算了2005—2014年中国战略性新兴产业的环境技术创新效率增长值,并将其分解为技术效率、技术进步、规模效率和技术规模四个影响因子。研究结果显示,在产业维度下,中国战略性新兴产业整体环境技术创新效率偏低,原因在于技术效率和规模效率的显著下降;在区域维度下,战略性新兴产业的环境技术创新效率从东向西依次减弱,且空间集聚性显著,但不同地区的增长渠道各不相同;考虑环境因素的GML指数总体低于不考虑环境因素的GML指数,其原因在于污染排放这一"坏"的产出拉低了地区环境技术创新效率。
Using the Slack-Based Measure directional distance function and Global Malmquist-Luenberger index,this paper measures the growth of environmental technology innovation efficiency in strategic emerging industry in China from 2005 to 2014 from the perspectives of industry and region. It then decomposes this growth into 4 influencing factors,namely technical efficiency,technical progress,scale efficiency and technology scale. The results show that the overall technology innovation efficiency of China's strategic emerging industry is low due to the drastic drop in technical efficiency and the efficiency of scale. In regional dimension,the efficiency of technological innovation in China's strategic emerging industry decreases from east to west,with significant spacial agglomeration and distinct growth channel. GML index taking account of environmental factors is generally lower than that excluding environmental factors,which is due to the fact that pollution discharge reduces the efficiency of regional environmental technology innovation.
Using the Slack-Based Measure directional distance function and Global Malmquist-Luenberger index,this paper measures the growth of environmental technology innovation efficiency in strategic emerging industry in China from 2005 to 2014 from the perspectives of industry and region. It then decomposes this growth into 4 influencing factors,namely technical efficiency,technical progress,scale efficiency and technology scale. The results show that the overall technology innovation efficiency of China's strategic emerging industry is low due to the drastic drop in technical efficiency and the efficiency of scale. In regional dimension,the efficiency of technological innovation in China's strategic emerging industry decreases from east to west,with significant spacial agglomeration and distinct growth channel. GML index taking account of environmental factors is generally lower than that excluding environmental factors,which is due to the fact that pollution discharge reduces the efficiency of regional environmental technology innovation.
引文
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肖志兴,谢里.2011.中国战略性新兴产业创新效率的实证分析[J].经济管理(11):26-35.
熊正德.2011.基于DEA和Logit模型的战略性新兴产业金融支持效率[J].系统工程(6):35-41.
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FUKUYAMA H,WEBER W L.2009.A directional slacksbased measure of technical inefficiency[J].Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,43(4):274-287.
OH D.2010.Aglobal malmquist-luenberger productivity index[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,34(3):183-197.
PICAZOT,DIEGO P.2009.Environmental externalities and efficiency measurement[J].Journal of Environmental Management,90(11):3332-3339.
RAY S C,DESLI E.1997.Productivity growth,technical progress,and efficiency change in industrialized countries:comment[J].American Economic Review,87(5):1033-1039.
WANTANABE M,TANAKA K.2012.Efficiency analysis of China industry:adirectional distance function approach[J].Energy Policy,35(4):6323-6331.
胡鞍钢,郑京海,高宇宁,等.2008.考虑环境因素的省级技术效率排名(1999-2005)[J].经济学(季刊)(3):933-960.
石风光.2013.中国地区环境技术效率的测算及随机收敛性检验[J].系统工程(1):61-67.
宋晓薇.2016.金融资源空间配置对区域绿色技术创新的作用机制研究[J].江西师范大学学报(3):251-258.
王琼,耿成轩.2017.金融生态环境、产权性质与战略性新兴产业融资效率[J].经济经纬(3):87-92.
王惠.2017.机遇、环境与高技术产业创新效率研究[J].经济经纬(1):26-31.
肖志兴,谢里.2011.中国战略性新兴产业创新效率的实证分析[J].经济管理(11):26-35.
熊正德.2011.基于DEA和Logit模型的战略性新兴产业金融支持效率[J].系统工程(6):35-41.
CHUNG YH,FARE R,GROSSKOPF S.1997.Productivity and undesirable outputs:adirectional distance function approach[J].Journal of Environmental Management,51(3):229-240.
FARE R,GROSSKOPF S,PASURKA C A.2007.Environmental production function and environmental directional distance function[J].Energy,9(32):1055-1066.
FUKUYAMA H,WEBER W L.2009.A directional slacksbased measure of technical inefficiency[J].Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,43(4):274-287.
OH D.2010.Aglobal malmquist-luenberger productivity index[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,34(3):183-197.
PICAZOT,DIEGO P.2009.Environmental externalities and efficiency measurement[J].Journal of Environmental Management,90(11):3332-3339.
RAY S C,DESLI E.1997.Productivity growth,technical progress,and efficiency change in industrialized countries:comment[J].American Economic Review,87(5):1033-1039.
WANTANABE M,TANAKA K.2012.Efficiency analysis of China industry:adirectional distance function approach[J].Energy Policy,35(4):6323-6331.