全球气候变化背景下应用温度三区间理论对郑州地区夏玉米高温热害规律研究
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摘要
在全球气候变化背景下,中国气候自20世纪80年代开始明显变暖,并且北方增温更甚于南方,而这对于农作物的生长发育进程有着重大影响。玉米作为我国最重要的粮食作物之一,其产量对于国家粮食安全有着重要意义。而黄淮海地区,是我国夏玉米种植面积最大的区域之一,随着全球气候变化,黄淮海地区气温在50年(1958年-2007年)来处于上升趋势,这也加重了该地区夏玉米遭受高温热害的程度。本文以夏玉米温度三区间理论中的两个指标GDDbase,opt、GDDbase+为基础,以黄淮海地区河南省郑州市为例,对当地夏玉米在抽穗开花期、灌浆结实期所受高温热害程度进行研究,并得出以下结论:50年间(1958年-2008年),郑州地区夏玉米在其抽穗开花期、灌浆结实其所受高温热害程度趋于增加,且后者无论从高温热害的增加趋势及严重程度上均要高于前者。
In the context of global climate change, China's climate has been significantly warmer sincethe 1980 s, and the north is warmer than the south, which has a significant impact on the growth and de-velopment of crops. As one of the most important food crops in China, corn yield is of great significanceto national food security. The temperature in the huang-huai-hai region has been on the rise for 50 years(1958-2007) with the global climate change, which aggravates the degree of high temperature andheat damage to the summer maize in the region. Based on the temperature of summer maize in the theo-ry of three interval GDDbase two indicators, opt, GDDbase + as the foundation, in huang-huai-hai re-gion of zhengzhou city of henan province as an example, the local summer corn in earing, grouting peri-od by high temperature to study the thermal damage degree, and draw the following conclusion: 50 years(1958-2008), the region of zhengzhou summer corn in the earing, grouting the level of high tem-perature thermal pollution tends to increase, and the latter from the increase trend of high temperaturethermal pollution and severe degree were higher than the former.
In the context of global climate change, China's climate has been significantly warmer sincethe 1980 s, and the north is warmer than the south, which has a significant impact on the growth and de-velopment of crops. As one of the most important food crops in China, corn yield is of great significanceto national food security. The temperature in the huang-huai-hai region has been on the rise for 50 years(1958-2007) with the global climate change, which aggravates the degree of high temperature andheat damage to the summer maize in the region. Based on the temperature of summer maize in the theo-ry of three interval GDDbase two indicators, opt, GDDbase + as the foundation, in huang-huai-hai re-gion of zhengzhou city of henan province as an example, the local summer corn in earing, grouting peri-od by high temperature to study the thermal damage degree, and draw the following conclusion: 50 years(1958-2008), the region of zhengzhou summer corn in the earing, grouting the level of high tem-perature thermal pollution tends to increase, and the latter from the increase trend of high temperaturethermal pollution and severe degree were higher than the former.
引文
[1]徐玲玲,吕厚荃,方利.气候变化对黄淮海地区夏玉米气候适宜度的影响[J].资源科学,2014:124-129.
[2]刘公棣.农业气象知识讲座(二)作物的温度三基点[J].天津农林科技,1983(02):49.
[3]魏星,王品,张朝.温度三区间理论评价气候变化对作物产量影响[J].自然资源学报,2015:112-121.
[4]陆伟婷,于欢,曹胜男.近20年黄淮海地区气候变暖对夏玉米生育进程及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015(16):50-63.
[5]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局与中国国家标准化管理委员会.主要农作物高温危害温度指标(GB/T21985—2008)[S]. 2008-06-03发布, 2008-11-01实施.
[2]刘公棣.农业气象知识讲座(二)作物的温度三基点[J].天津农林科技,1983(02):49.
[3]魏星,王品,张朝.温度三区间理论评价气候变化对作物产量影响[J].自然资源学报,2015:112-121.
[4]陆伟婷,于欢,曹胜男.近20年黄淮海地区气候变暖对夏玉米生育进程及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015(16):50-63.
[5]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局与中国国家标准化管理委员会.主要农作物高温危害温度指标(GB/T21985—2008)[S]. 2008-06-03发布, 2008-11-01实施.