医学大学生对雾霾与健康关系的认知及应对的现况调查
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摘要
目的了解医学大学生对于雾霾天气与健康关系的认识及应对行为现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法抽取山东泰安某医学高校1486名在校大学生作为调查对象,采用自行设计的"关于雾霾认知与应对的调查问卷"进行自填式问卷调查。结果医学大学生对雾霾天气和PM_(2.5)非常了解的人数仅占8. 7%与9. 7%,有8. 0%认为PM_(2.5)与雾霾天气无关。在应对雾霾天气的行为方面,有60. 5%学生可以在日常生活中采取措施减轻雾霾对自身的危害。对治理好雾霾天气的态度(OR=1. 779,95%CI:1. 134～2. 790),雾霾知识和防护措施的宣传(OR=2. 403,95%CI:1. 029～5. 612),对PM_(2.5)了解程度(OR=2. 961,95%CI:1. 761～4. 977),所在城市雾霾污染情况(OR=2. 835,95%CI:1. 571～5. 117)是影响医学大学生采取措施应对雾霾危害的主要因素。结论该医学高校的大学生对雾霾知识的认知水平一般。对雾霾的了解、态度、以及对雾霾知识和防护措施宣传等均会影响医学大学生的个人防护行为。
Objective: To understand the perceptions and behavior regarding health risks of haze among medical undergraduates,and to identify the factors that might affect the behaviors of medical undergraduates. Methods: The stratified cluster sampling method was applied to select 1486 students in Taian Medical University,Shandong Province. Self-administered questionnaire survey method was used to collect data. Results: The percent of medical undergraduates to haze and PM_(2.5) related knowledge were 8. 7% and 9. 7%,and 8. 0% of the students thought that PM_(2.5) had nothing to do with haze. In response to the behavior of the haze,there were 60. 5% students who took measures to reduce the risk of haze in daily life. The influencing factors of the behaviors of medical undergraduates were attitude of governance haze( OR = 1. 779,95% CI: 1. 134 ～2. 790),propaganda of haze knowledge and protective measures( OR = 2. 403,95% CI: 1. 029 ～ 5. 612),understanding of PM_(2.5)( OR = 2. 961,95% CI: 1. 761 ～ 4. 977),and pollution of their cities( OR = 2. 835,95% CI: 1. 571 ～ 5. 117). Conclusion: Medical undergraduates surveyed for haze-related knowledge have a certain understanding,but the level of understanding is not enough. Understanding of haze,attitude of governance haze,propaganda of haze knowledge and protective measures can affect personal protective behavior of medical undergraduates.
Objective: To understand the perceptions and behavior regarding health risks of haze among medical undergraduates,and to identify the factors that might affect the behaviors of medical undergraduates. Methods: The stratified cluster sampling method was applied to select 1486 students in Taian Medical University,Shandong Province. Self-administered questionnaire survey method was used to collect data. Results: The percent of medical undergraduates to haze and PM_(2.5) related knowledge were 8. 7% and 9. 7%,and 8. 0% of the students thought that PM_(2.5) had nothing to do with haze. In response to the behavior of the haze,there were 60. 5% students who took measures to reduce the risk of haze in daily life. The influencing factors of the behaviors of medical undergraduates were attitude of governance haze( OR = 1. 779,95% CI: 1. 134 ～2. 790),propaganda of haze knowledge and protective measures( OR = 2. 403,95% CI: 1. 029 ～ 5. 612),understanding of PM_(2.5)( OR = 2. 961,95% CI: 1. 761 ～ 4. 977),and pollution of their cities( OR = 2. 835,95% CI: 1. 571 ～ 5. 117). Conclusion: Medical undergraduates surveyed for haze-related knowledge have a certain understanding,but the level of understanding is not enough. Understanding of haze,attitude of governance haze,propaganda of haze knowledge and protective measures can affect personal protective behavior of medical undergraduates.
引文
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[2] Cheung HC,Wang T,Baumann K,et al. Influence of regional pollution outflow on the concentrations of fine particulate matter and visibility in the coastal area of southern China[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2005,39(34):6463-6474.
[3]邢海虹.汉江水源地保护的居民环境感知及行为研究[J].水资源保护,2013,29(5):90-94.
[4]任雯娟,张爱莲,冯菁楠.山西省某高校医学专业与非医学专业学生雾霾相关知识认知程度调查[J].预防医学论坛,2016,22(8):587-589.
[5]顾金土,谢花.南京居民的雾霾风险认知及应对行为调查研究[J].环境科学与管理,2015,40(3):187-190.
[6]唐静.杭州市雾霾现状调查及对策研究[J].商,2015,51(25):66.
[7]张恒,朱睿,邓子凡,等.唐山市民对雾霾的认知及防霾行为调查[J].环境卫生学杂志,2016,6(3):190-194.