摘要
唐宋时期叫杏花村的地名至少有十多处,但与酒文化有关的并不多,主要有黄州关山、池州贵池、徐州丰县、长安、江宁、汾阳等数处。除了汾阳外,其他几处有的所谓杏花村酒系官府所出,有的地方杜牧从未到过,有的系望文生义,已被前代学者所否定。关于杜牧《清明》诗所指汾阳杏花村的质疑,一是说此诗收入在南宋末年所编的《千家诗》中,出现较晚,怀疑非杜牧所作;二是认为杜牧没有到过汾阳。经考证此诗最早在北宋初年已见于著录,并非晚出之诗,杜牧不但到过汾阳,而且至少两次途经这里,且汾阳至少有1500多年酿酒历史,所酿"汾清"酒系宫廷贡酒,唐人喜酒,因此杜牧《清明》诗所说杏花村确在汾阳无疑。
In Tang and Song dynasties, there were at least ten places named xinghua village. But they are not much related to wine culture. They are Guanshan in Huangzhou,Guichi in Chizhou,Fengxian in Xuzhou,Chang'an,Jiangning,Fengyang etc. Except Fenyang,other places have been rejected by previous generations of scholars. There are two questions about DU Mu's Qingming poem refering to Xinghua village in Fengyang. One is that this poem was included in 1000 poems compiled in the late Southern Song Dynasty, and it appeared late and suspected that it was not done by DU Mu. The second is that DU Mu has not been to fenyang. The textual research of this poem was first seen in the early Northern Song Dynasty. DU Mu not only went to fenyang, but also passed here at least twice. Fenyang has at least 1,500 years of winemaking history. Fenqing wine is a palace tribute and people in Tang Dynasty like wine. So it is undoubtedly that Xinghua village referred in Du Mu's Qingming poem is in Fenyang.
引文
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(1)《全唐文》卷751《杜牧集系年校注·樊川文集》卷11记为《上昭义刘司徒书》,昭义镇又称泽潞,两者含义相同,第835-838页。