基于轻型柴油车的柴油机氧化催化器入口温度升温特性及策略研究
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摘要
选取了高、中、低负荷的3个典型工况,研究了进气节流及喷油策略对柴油机缸内燃烧过程、排放性、经济性及柴油机催化氧化器(diesel oxidation catalyst,DOC)入口温度的影响,得到全工况区域的DOC入口温度的升温策略。试验结果表明:随进气节流阀开度减小,进气流量降低,压缩压力下降,燃烧始点滞后,最高燃烧压力下降,循环指示功降低;HC排放得到抑制,其他排放恶化;DOC入口温度得到有效提升,负荷越小,温升效果越显著。喷油规律耦合进气节流发现,主喷提前角的推迟使得滞燃期缩短、后燃加重,DOC入口温度小幅度提升;近后喷油量增加可提高DOC入口温度,推迟近后喷,DOC入口温度先增大后降低,存在最佳的近后喷时刻。依据样机全工况排温分布特征,提出了不同工况区域DOC入口温度升温控制策略。
Three typical operating conditions of high,medium and low loads were selected to experimentally investigate the effects of intake throttle and fuel injection strategies on the combustion process,emissions,fuel economy and diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC)inlet temperature of a light-duty diesel engine,obtaining a heating strategy of the DOC inlet temperature at all operating conditions.The results showed that the intake air flow declined with the decrease of the opening of the intake throttle valve,which had a significant effect on the in-cylinder working process:decreased compression pressure,delayed combustion start timing,reduced maximum combustion pressure and decreased cyclic indicated work.HC emission was suppressed and other emissions were deteriorated.The DOC inlet temperature was effectively increased,and the lighter the load,the more significant the temperature rise.A test of fuel injection pattern coupled with intake throttle was conducted.The test results show that with the delay of the main fuel injection timing,the ignition delay is shortened,the weight of the post combustion increases and the DOC inlet temperature rises slightly.The DOC inlet temperature is raised by increasing the fuel quantity of the close post-injection.The DOC inlet temperature rises first and then drops with retarding the close postinjection timing.There is an optimum close post-injection timing.According to the distribution of the engine exhaust temperature in the whole operation range,the strategy of controlling the DOC inlet temperature is proposed.
Three typical operating conditions of high,medium and low loads were selected to experimentally investigate the effects of intake throttle and fuel injection strategies on the combustion process,emissions,fuel economy and diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC)inlet temperature of a light-duty diesel engine,obtaining a heating strategy of the DOC inlet temperature at all operating conditions.The results showed that the intake air flow declined with the decrease of the opening of the intake throttle valve,which had a significant effect on the in-cylinder working process:decreased compression pressure,delayed combustion start timing,reduced maximum combustion pressure and decreased cyclic indicated work.HC emission was suppressed and other emissions were deteriorated.The DOC inlet temperature was effectively increased,and the lighter the load,the more significant the temperature rise.A test of fuel injection pattern coupled with intake throttle was conducted.The test results show that with the delay of the main fuel injection timing,the ignition delay is shortened,the weight of the post combustion increases and the DOC inlet temperature rises slightly.The DOC inlet temperature is raised by increasing the fuel quantity of the close post-injection.The DOC inlet temperature rises first and then drops with retarding the close postinjection timing.There is an optimum close post-injection timing.According to the distribution of the engine exhaust temperature in the whole operation range,the strategy of controlling the DOC inlet temperature is proposed.
引文
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[15]龚金科,伏军,龙罡,等.汽车尾气微粒过滤器喷油助燃再生控制策略研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1603-1608.GONG J K,FU J,LONG G,et al.Study on regeneration strategy for a burner-type diesel particulate filter of automobiles[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(7):1603-1608.
[16]WANG D,LIU Z C,HAN Y Q,et al.Experimental studies on pressure drop performance and regeneration safety of diesel particulate filter[C].International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering.Wuhan:IEEE,2011:2175-2178.
[17]HANNIBAL W,FLIED R,STIEGLER L,et al.Overview of current continuously variable valve lift system for four-stroke spark-ignition engines and the criteria for their design ratings[C/OL].SAE Paper,2004,2004-01-1263.(2004-03-08).https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-1263.
[18]姚广涛,赵国斌,邓成林,等.进气节流对柴油机性能影响的试验研究[J].汽车工程,2016,38(5):521-525.YAO G T,ZHAO G B,DENG C L,et al.An experimental study on the effects of intake throttling on diesel engine performance[J].Automotive Engineering,2016,38(5):521-525.
[2]JOHNSON T V.Review of diesel emissions and control[C/OL].SAE Paper,2010,2010-01-0301.(2010-04-13).https://doi.org/10.4271/2010-01-0301.
[3]伍龙威.大气颗粒物高时间分辨采样和定量测量技术探索和分析[J].中国化工贸易,2015,7(16):232.WU L W.Exploration and analysis of high time-resolved sampling and quantitative measurement techniques for atmospheric particulate matter[J].China Chemical Trade,2015,7(16):232.
[4]韦雄,冒晓建,祝轲卿,等.基于机内技术的DPF再生控制策略研究[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(11):1-5.WEI X,MAO X J,ZHU K Q,et al.Control strategy of DPFregeneration based on machine technology[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,44(11):1-5.
[5]MAYER A,LUTZ T,LAMMLE C,et al.Engine intake throttling for active regeneration of diesel particle filters[C/OL].SAE Paper,2003,2003-01-0381.(2003-03-03).https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-0381.
[6]吴风英,王站成,徐斌,等.柴油机颗粒捕集器(DPF)再生技术分析[J].环境工程,2015,33(6):67-70.WU F Y,WANG Z C,XU B,et al.Analysis of the regeneration technologies for diesel particulate filter[J].Environmental Engineering,2015,33(6):67-70.
[7]CASTELLANO J,CHAUDHARI A,BROMHAM J.Adaptive temperature control for diesel particulate filter regeneration[C/OL].SAE Paper,2013,2013-01-0517.(2013-04-16).https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0517.
[8]张德满,汪正清,马士虎,等.怠速工况下氧化型催化转换器辅助DPF再生方法[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(3):24-27.ZHANG D M,WANG Z Q,MA S H,et al.DOC assisted DPF regeneration under 0idle condition[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(3):24-27.
[9]JIAO P H,LI Z J,SHEN B X,et al.Research of DPFregeneration with NOx-PM coupled chemical reaction[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,110:737-745.
[10]王建,曹政,张多军,等.基于柴油机排气热管理的进气节流控制策略试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(2):32-39.WANG J,CAO Z,ZHANG D J,et al.Intake throttling control strategy based on DPF active regeneration temperature for diesel[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(2):32-39.
[11]NIGRO A,ALGIERI A,BARTOLO C D,et al.Fluid dynamic investigation of innovative intake strategies for multivalve internal combustion engines[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2017,123:297-310.
[12]CLEARY D,SILVAS G.Unthrottled engine operation with variable intake valve life,duration and time[C/OL].SAEPaper,2007,2007-01-1282.(2007-04-19).https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-1282.
[13]PEDROZO V B,MAY I,LANZANOVA T D M,et al.Potential of internal EGR and throttled operation for low load extension of ethanol-diesel dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion on a heavy-duty engine[J].Fuel,2016,179:391-405.
[14]王建,曹政,张多军,等.基于柴油机排气热管理的喷油策略控制试验研究[J].车用发动机,2018(2):79-85.WANG J,CAO Z,ZHANG D J,et al.Fuel injection control strategy based on exhaust thermal management of diesel engine[J].Vehicle Engine,2018(2):79-85.
[15]龚金科,伏军,龙罡,等.汽车尾气微粒过滤器喷油助燃再生控制策略研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1603-1608.GONG J K,FU J,LONG G,et al.Study on regeneration strategy for a burner-type diesel particulate filter of automobiles[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(7):1603-1608.
[16]WANG D,LIU Z C,HAN Y Q,et al.Experimental studies on pressure drop performance and regeneration safety of diesel particulate filter[C].International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering.Wuhan:IEEE,2011:2175-2178.
[17]HANNIBAL W,FLIED R,STIEGLER L,et al.Overview of current continuously variable valve lift system for four-stroke spark-ignition engines and the criteria for their design ratings[C/OL].SAE Paper,2004,2004-01-1263.(2004-03-08).https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-1263.
[18]姚广涛,赵国斌,邓成林,等.进气节流对柴油机性能影响的试验研究[J].汽车工程,2016,38(5):521-525.YAO G T,ZHAO G B,DENG C L,et al.An experimental study on the effects of intake throttling on diesel engine performance[J].Automotive Engineering,2016,38(5):521-525.