华北克拉通北缘喀喇沁变质核杂岩早白垩世构造演化过程与形成模式
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摘要
对于喀喇沁变质核杂岩早白垩世构造过程与形成模式长期以来存在着不同的认识。通过详细的野外构造观察及擦痕应力场反演,并结合前人年代学数据,有效地制约了喀喇沁变质核杂岩早白垩世的构造演化,并对其形成模式进行了分析。结果表明,起源于晚侏罗世的喀喇沁变质核杂岩,在早白垩世(141～100 Ma)再次经历了强烈的伸展与岩浆活动。在此伸展活动中,沿着核部杂岩两侧分别发育了NE走向、倾向相反的楼子店-八里罕和上店-东风大型正断层,进而控制两侧半地堑式的小牛与平庄盆地的发育。在这两条边界断层的伸展运动及随后的均衡隆升中,核部杂岩不断抬升与剥露,先后发育了NE-NNE向的伸展韧性变形带与脆性正断层。这些早白垩世韧性和脆性伸展构造一致指示拉张方向为NW-SE向。综合分析表明,区内早白垩世伸展活动经历了141～134 Ma的初始伸展与同构造岩体侵位阶段、133～126 Ma的边界断层强烈活动与核部快速抬升阶段以及125～100Ma的均衡隆升阶段。喀喇沁变质核杂岩在早白垩世的伸展活动中转变为地垒式伸展穹窿,其强烈伸展活动出现在华北克拉通破坏峰期,动力学背景是古太平洋板块俯冲导致的远场弧后拉张。
The structural process and formation model of the Kalaqin metamorphic core complex(KMCC) in the Early Cretaceous remain controversial. In this paper, the tectonic evolution of the KMCC in the Early Cretaceous is constrained and its formation model is proposed on the basis of a detailed field investigation and stress field inversion from slip-data in combination with the previous geochronological data. The results demonstrated that the KMCC, originating in the Late Jurassic, was subjected to intense extension and magmatism in the Early Cretaceous(141–100 Ma). The NE-striking Louzidian-Balihan and Shangdian-Dongfeng brittle normal faults with opposite dips and developed along the edges of the core complex during the extensional activity controlled the formation of the Xiaoniu and Pingzhuang half-graben-type basins. Normal faulting along the two major faults and the subsequent isostatic rising resulted in the exhumation of the core complex and the development of the earlier NE-NNE striking extensional ductile deformation belts and the later brittle normal faults with similar orientation. The ductile and brittle extensional structures suggest a consistent NW-SE extension in this period. Comprehensive analyses demonstrated that the KMCC experienced the initial extension with syn-tectonic granitic intrusion during 141–134 Ma, intense faulting along the boundary faults and uplifting during 133–126 Ma, and isostatic rising of 125–100 Ma. It is, therefore, suggested that the KMCC changed into a horst-type, extensional dome during the Early Cretaceous extension. The extension, which took place during the peak destruction of the North China Craton and under the dynamic setting of far-field back-arc extension, is suggested to be related to the subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate.
The structural process and formation model of the Kalaqin metamorphic core complex(KMCC) in the Early Cretaceous remain controversial. In this paper, the tectonic evolution of the KMCC in the Early Cretaceous is constrained and its formation model is proposed on the basis of a detailed field investigation and stress field inversion from slip-data in combination with the previous geochronological data. The results demonstrated that the KMCC, originating in the Late Jurassic, was subjected to intense extension and magmatism in the Early Cretaceous(141–100 Ma). The NE-striking Louzidian-Balihan and Shangdian-Dongfeng brittle normal faults with opposite dips and developed along the edges of the core complex during the extensional activity controlled the formation of the Xiaoniu and Pingzhuang half-graben-type basins. Normal faulting along the two major faults and the subsequent isostatic rising resulted in the exhumation of the core complex and the development of the earlier NE-NNE striking extensional ductile deformation belts and the later brittle normal faults with similar orientation. The ductile and brittle extensional structures suggest a consistent NW-SE extension in this period. Comprehensive analyses demonstrated that the KMCC experienced the initial extension with syn-tectonic granitic intrusion during 141–134 Ma, intense faulting along the boundary faults and uplifting during 133–126 Ma, and isostatic rising of 125–100 Ma. It is, therefore, suggested that the KMCC changed into a horst-type, extensional dome during the Early Cretaceous extension. The extension, which took place during the peak destruction of the North China Craton and under the dynamic setting of far-field back-arc extension, is suggested to be related to the subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate.
引文
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李永刚,翟明国,苗来成,朱嘉伟,薛良伟.2003.内蒙古安家营子金矿与侵入岩的关系及其地球动力学意义.岩石学报,19(4):808-816.
林少泽,朱光,赵田,宋利宏,刘备.2014.燕山地区喀喇沁变质核杂岩的构造特征与发育机制.科学通报,59(32):3174-3189.
林少泽,朱光,赵田,宋利宏,刘备.2015.燕山构造带北部喀喇沁地区晚古生代?中生代岩浆活动的构造背景分析.地质科学,50(1):30-49.
林少泽,谢成龙,向必伟,赵田.2018.喀喇沁变质核杂岩形成时代的锆石年代学制约.大地构造与成矿学,42(3):570-586.
林伟,王军,刘飞,冀文斌,王清晨.2013.华北克拉通及邻区晚中生代伸展构造及其动力学背景的讨论.岩石学报,29(5):1791-1810.
马寅生,崔盛芹,吴淦国,吴珍汉,朱大岗,李晓,冯向阳.1999.医巫闾山变质核杂岩构造特征.地球学报,20(4):385-391.
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邵济安,张履桥,贾文,王佩瑛.2001.内蒙古喀喇沁变质核杂岩及其隆升机制探讨.岩石学报,17(2):283-290.
王涛,郑亚东,李天斌,高永军,马铭波.2002.中蒙边界区亚干变质核杂岩的组成与结构.地质科学,37(1):79-85.
王新社,郑亚东,张进江,Davis G A,Darby B J.2002.呼和浩特变质核杂岩伸展运动学特征及剪切作用类型.地质通报,21(4-5):238-245.
王新社,郑亚东.2005.楼子店变质核杂岩韧性变形作用的40Ar/39Ar年代学约束.地质论评,51(5):574-582.
王彦斌,韩娟,李建波,欧阳志侠,童英,侯可军.2010.内蒙赤峰楼子店拆离断层带下盘变形花岗质岩石的时代、成因及其地质意义.岩石矿物学杂志,29(6):763-778.
王玉芳,崔文元,孙承志.1994.内蒙赤峰南部娄子店?大城子拆离断层及其构造演变//钱祥麟.伸展构造研究.北京:地质出版社:99-108.
吴福元,葛文春,孙德有,郭春丽.2003.中国东部岩石圈减薄研究中的几个问题.地学前缘,10(3):51-59.
张必龙,朱光,陈印,谢成龙.2013.辽西医巫闾山变质核杂岩演化的40Ar/39Ar年代学制约.地球化学,42(5):481-498.
张必龙,朱光,姜大志,陈印,胡召齐.2011.辽西医巫闾山变质核杂岩的形成过程与晚侏罗世伸展事件.地质论评,57(6):779-798.
张家声,Passchier C W,Konopasek J,牛向龙,黄雄南.2007.云蒙山变质核杂岩抬升过程中伸展拆离和岩浆底辟联合作用的证据.地学前缘,14(4):26-39.
张炯飞,祝洪臣.2000.关于蓟县型中、新元古界沉积环境及内蒙地轴的性质.吉林地质,19(4):11-16.
张拴宏,赵越,宋彪,吴海.2004.冀北隆化早前寒武纪高级变质区内的晚古生代片麻状花岗闪长岩--锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其构造意义.岩石学报,20(3):621-626.
张拴宏,赵越,刘健,胡健民,陈正乐,李淼,裴军令,陈振宇,周剑雄.2007.华北地块北缘晚古生代?中生代花岗岩体侵位深度及其构造意义.岩石学报,23(3):625-638.
张舟.2011.华北克拉通北缘二叠纪?三叠纪岩浆活动:以大营子组、宁城岩体和光头山岩体为例.北京:中国科学院研究生院硕士学位论文:1-100.
郑亚东,张青.1993.内蒙古亚干变质核杂岩与伸展拆离断层.地质学报,67(4):301-312.
郑亚东,王玉芳.1995.内蒙亚干变质核杂岩剪切作用类型的初步分析.地学前缘,2(1-2):245-246.
郑亚东.1999.亚干变质核杂岩的运动学涡度与剪切作用类型.地质科学,34(3):273-280.
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