新杨黑羽蛋鸡育雏育成期生长发育规律研究
|
摘要
研究新杨黑羽蛋鸡育雏(0—6周龄)育成(7—18周龄)期生长发育规律,为进一步开展生产技术集成提供技术支持。以翅号标记的500羽1日龄新杨黑羽蛋鸡为测定群体,每周随机选取50—70羽进行称重,从中选取10羽进行解剖,测定育雏育成期新杨黑羽蛋鸡的体重体尺、消化器官质量、免疫器官质量和腹脂质量。新杨黑羽蛋鸡配套系最适合的生长模型为Gompertz模型,拐点体重、拐点周龄和最大周增量分别是542. 08 g、7. 00周龄和96. 77 g。18周龄前体重呈线性增长,肠道长度持续增长。法氏囊第8周龄后停止生长,腺胃、肝脏和脾脏在第12周龄后停止生长,胫骨和跖骨在第13周龄停止生长,肌胃第17周龄停止生长,腹脂在13—20周快速增长。肝脏质量与肠道质量与其他多数测定指标显著相关(P <0. 05)。在上海家禽育种有限公司标准饲养流程条件下,新杨黑羽蛋鸡配套系体重体尺、肌胃、肝脏、肠道长度、法氏囊和脾脏的育雏期生长速率均大于育成期的生长速率。法氏囊和脾脏18周龄前未有退化现象。
This study aimed to find out growth patterns of Xinyang Black Layer during brooding and rearing,to provide technical support for package farming. Five hundred chickens,wings being marked,were chosen to be the subjects of experiment,out of which 50—70 were randomly weighed,10 dissected per week to measure body weight,size,digestive and immune organs,and abdominal fat. The research showed that the optimal farming model for Xinyang Black Layer package was Gompertz model. The inflection point weight,the inflection point age and the maximum weekly weight increment were 542. 08 g,7. 00 weeks and 96. 77 g,respectively. Before18 weeks,the body weight and the length of the intestine increased linearly. The bursa of fabricius stopped growing after 8 weeks old. The proventriculus,liver and spleen stopped growing after 12 weeks old. The tibia and metatarsal stopped growing after 13 weeks old,and the muscle stomach stopped growing after 17 weeks old. The abdominal fat grew rapidly from week 13 to week 20. The weights of liver and intestinal were significantly correlated with other organs( P < 0. 05). Comparing with the feeding standard of Shanghai poultry breeding company,it's concluded that Xinyang Black Layer package body weight,muscle stomach,liver,intestinal length,bursa of fabricius and spleen grew faster in brooding period than those in rearing period,bursa of fabricius and spleen were not found to degrade before 18 weeks old.
This study aimed to find out growth patterns of Xinyang Black Layer during brooding and rearing,to provide technical support for package farming. Five hundred chickens,wings being marked,were chosen to be the subjects of experiment,out of which 50—70 were randomly weighed,10 dissected per week to measure body weight,size,digestive and immune organs,and abdominal fat. The research showed that the optimal farming model for Xinyang Black Layer package was Gompertz model. The inflection point weight,the inflection point age and the maximum weekly weight increment were 542. 08 g,7. 00 weeks and 96. 77 g,respectively. Before18 weeks,the body weight and the length of the intestine increased linearly. The bursa of fabricius stopped growing after 8 weeks old. The proventriculus,liver and spleen stopped growing after 12 weeks old. The tibia and metatarsal stopped growing after 13 weeks old,and the muscle stomach stopped growing after 17 weeks old. The abdominal fat grew rapidly from week 13 to week 20. The weights of liver and intestinal were significantly correlated with other organs( P < 0. 05). Comparing with the feeding standard of Shanghai poultry breeding company,it's concluded that Xinyang Black Layer package body weight,muscle stomach,liver,intestinal length,bursa of fabricius and spleen grew faster in brooding period than those in rearing period,bursa of fabricius and spleen were not found to degrade before 18 weeks old.
引文
[1]严华祥,杨长锁,谢承光,等.一种黑羽鸡配套系的制种模式:CN104285880A[P]. 2015-01-21.
[2]张书松,李明,白晓辉,等.父母代固始鸡小肠的生长发育规律[J].中国兽医学报,2008,28(4):417-420.
[3]王娟.太行鸡和海兰灰蛋鸡生长期消化生理特性的比较研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2010.
[4]宁中华,王庆民,袁建敏,等.矮小型褐壳蛋鸡解剖学研究[J].中国家禽,1999(10):3-4.
[5]杨宁.普通高等教育农业部“十二五”规划教材:家禽生产学[M]. 2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[6]DARMANI K H,KEBREAB E,LOPEZ S,et al. An evaluation of different growth functions for describing the profile of live weight with time(age)in meat and egg strains of chicken[J]. Poultry Science,2003,82(10):1536-1543.
[7]张慧林,刘小林,卢力.罗曼褐蛋鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡生长发育的数学模型[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(11):6-11.
[8]詹凯,李俊营,许月英,等. 3个蛋鸡品种生长发育比较及生长曲线拟合研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(11):9-11.
[9]李杰.不同粉壳蛋鸡品种生长发育及产蛋性能比较研究[D].秦皇岛:河北科技师范学院,2016.
[10]宋丹. 0—17周龄京红蛋鸡饲粮蛋氨酸需要量研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[11]刘永,丁贤群,佟荟全,等.尼西鸡器官指数对比分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(20):63-66.
[12]SHEIKHAZADI A,SADR S S,GHADYANI M H,et al. Study of the normal internal organ weights in Tehran’s population[J]. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine,2010,17(2):78-83.
[13]李志尚,黄高明.我国各年龄组脏器重量详表[J].广西医科大学学报,2006,23(1):155-156.
[14]练有文,王晖,倪少凯,等. BALB/c系裸小鼠脏器重量、脏器系数的测定[J].中国比较医学杂志,2006,16(5):285-287.
[15]闵凡贵,潘金春,袁文,等.封闭群五指山小型猪主要脏器重量与体重的相关性分析[J].中国实验动物学报,2009,17(6):445-447.
[16]顾宪红,李德发,谯仕彦,等.玉米干燥温度在添加酶或不添加酶的条件下对肉用仔鸡内脏器官重量的影响[J].中国饲料,2002(7):14-16.
[17]焦洪超.棉粕日粮对蛋鸡生产性能和肝脏脂肪代谢的影响及其机制研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[18]杨海明,刘学,夏金龙,等.散养与笼养对产蛋鸡内脏器官发育、繁殖性状及血清生化指标影响的比较[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(6):1353-1358.
[19]王栋,张沅,孙东晓,等.纯种与杂种鸡之间肝脏组织基因差异表达及其与肉用性状杂种优势的关系[J].遗传学报:2004,31(3):257-264.
[20]戴四发,李有志,李如兰,等.外源性谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡空肠形态结构的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(1):100-104.
[21]李奎,褚雪吟,康相涛,等.固始鸡免疫器官指数的发育规律研究[J].动物医学进展,2009,30(11):54-57.
[22] RODRIGUEZ-MENDEZ A J,LUNA-ACOSTA J L,CARRANZA M,et al. Growth hormone expression in stromal and non-stromal cells in the bursa of Fabricius during bursal development and involution:Causal relationships?[J]. General and Comparative Endocrinology,2010,167(2):297-307.
[23]张红卫,高舜德,丛英姿,等.关于法氏囊自然退化的研究[J].动物学报,1988,34(2):139-143,205.
[24]王宏,霍启光,齐广海.褐壳蛋鸡体脂沉积规律的探讨[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第六届全国会员代表大会暨第八届学术研讨会论文集(下).哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2000:508-513.
[2]张书松,李明,白晓辉,等.父母代固始鸡小肠的生长发育规律[J].中国兽医学报,2008,28(4):417-420.
[3]王娟.太行鸡和海兰灰蛋鸡生长期消化生理特性的比较研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2010.
[4]宁中华,王庆民,袁建敏,等.矮小型褐壳蛋鸡解剖学研究[J].中国家禽,1999(10):3-4.
[5]杨宁.普通高等教育农业部“十二五”规划教材:家禽生产学[M]. 2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[6]DARMANI K H,KEBREAB E,LOPEZ S,et al. An evaluation of different growth functions for describing the profile of live weight with time(age)in meat and egg strains of chicken[J]. Poultry Science,2003,82(10):1536-1543.
[7]张慧林,刘小林,卢力.罗曼褐蛋鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡生长发育的数学模型[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(11):6-11.
[8]詹凯,李俊营,许月英,等. 3个蛋鸡品种生长发育比较及生长曲线拟合研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(11):9-11.
[9]李杰.不同粉壳蛋鸡品种生长发育及产蛋性能比较研究[D].秦皇岛:河北科技师范学院,2016.
[10]宋丹. 0—17周龄京红蛋鸡饲粮蛋氨酸需要量研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[11]刘永,丁贤群,佟荟全,等.尼西鸡器官指数对比分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(20):63-66.
[12]SHEIKHAZADI A,SADR S S,GHADYANI M H,et al. Study of the normal internal organ weights in Tehran’s population[J]. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine,2010,17(2):78-83.
[13]李志尚,黄高明.我国各年龄组脏器重量详表[J].广西医科大学学报,2006,23(1):155-156.
[14]练有文,王晖,倪少凯,等. BALB/c系裸小鼠脏器重量、脏器系数的测定[J].中国比较医学杂志,2006,16(5):285-287.
[15]闵凡贵,潘金春,袁文,等.封闭群五指山小型猪主要脏器重量与体重的相关性分析[J].中国实验动物学报,2009,17(6):445-447.
[16]顾宪红,李德发,谯仕彦,等.玉米干燥温度在添加酶或不添加酶的条件下对肉用仔鸡内脏器官重量的影响[J].中国饲料,2002(7):14-16.
[17]焦洪超.棉粕日粮对蛋鸡生产性能和肝脏脂肪代谢的影响及其机制研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[18]杨海明,刘学,夏金龙,等.散养与笼养对产蛋鸡内脏器官发育、繁殖性状及血清生化指标影响的比较[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(6):1353-1358.
[19]王栋,张沅,孙东晓,等.纯种与杂种鸡之间肝脏组织基因差异表达及其与肉用性状杂种优势的关系[J].遗传学报:2004,31(3):257-264.
[20]戴四发,李有志,李如兰,等.外源性谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡空肠形态结构的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(1):100-104.
[21]李奎,褚雪吟,康相涛,等.固始鸡免疫器官指数的发育规律研究[J].动物医学进展,2009,30(11):54-57.
[22] RODRIGUEZ-MENDEZ A J,LUNA-ACOSTA J L,CARRANZA M,et al. Growth hormone expression in stromal and non-stromal cells in the bursa of Fabricius during bursal development and involution:Causal relationships?[J]. General and Comparative Endocrinology,2010,167(2):297-307.
[23]张红卫,高舜德,丛英姿,等.关于法氏囊自然退化的研究[J].动物学报,1988,34(2):139-143,205.
[24]王宏,霍启光,齐广海.褐壳蛋鸡体脂沉积规律的探讨[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第六届全国会员代表大会暨第八届学术研讨会论文集(下).哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,2000:508-513.