高原城市水源地入库河流水质变化趋势研究——以松华坝水库牧羊河为例
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摘要
高原城市水库是高原城市最主要甚至唯一的饮用水源,入库河流的水质好坏直接关系到高原城市水资源安全与生态文明建设。根据松华坝水库入库河流牧羊河1996-2017年的水质监测数据,应用分形理论及R/S模型对牧羊河总氮、总磷、氨氮、高锰酸盐指数的平均值以及其不同水期指标值的变化趋势进行了分析,研究结果表明:总氮、总磷、氨氮、高锰酸盐指数的年平均值以及不同水期的指标值存在明显的Hurst现象;总氮枯水期呈上升趋势;总磷丰水期呈下降升趋势;氨氮年平均值及各水期的指标值变化趋势不明显;高锰酸盐指数枯水期、平水期均呈上升趋势。
Plateau city reservoirs appear to be the uppermost and only root of drinking water source, the water quality of joint river redirect will affect water resources security and ecological civilization construction. Based on the investigation data of the Muyanghe of jointing river in Kunming Songhuaba Reservoir from 1996 to 2017,the fractal theory and the R/S model are used to analyze the change trend of the annual mean amount and parameter values in different water periods of nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index,the results show that Hurst phenomenon of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,permanganate index of annual average and its indexes in different water periods are obvious. Total nitrogen continuously increases in the dry season. Total phosphorus continuously decreases in the wet season. The trend of ammonia nitrogen of the annual mean amount and in different water periods is not obvious. Permanganate index continuously increases in the dry season and in normal water season.
Plateau city reservoirs appear to be the uppermost and only root of drinking water source, the water quality of joint river redirect will affect water resources security and ecological civilization construction. Based on the investigation data of the Muyanghe of jointing river in Kunming Songhuaba Reservoir from 1996 to 2017,the fractal theory and the R/S model are used to analyze the change trend of the annual mean amount and parameter values in different water periods of nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index,the results show that Hurst phenomenon of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,permanganate index of annual average and its indexes in different water periods are obvious. Total nitrogen continuously increases in the dry season. Total phosphorus continuously decreases in the wet season. The trend of ammonia nitrogen of the annual mean amount and in different water periods is not obvious. Permanganate index continuously increases in the dry season and in normal water season.
引文
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[15] 赵忠琼,陈红书.松华坝水源保护区污染现状及整治对策建议[J].环境科学导刊,2011,30(6):40-45.
[16] 李宗逊,丁宏伟.昆明市松花坝水库氮、磷主要来源的间接证据[J].西南农业学报,2007,2(3):430-434.
[2] 马岚,魏晓妹.石羊河下游年径流序列的变异点分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2006,24(2):174-177.
[3] Mandelbrot B B and Wallis J R.Robustness of the rescaled range R/S in the measurement of noncyclic long-run statistical dependence[J].Water Resources Research, 1969.
[4] M cheod A I and Hipel K W.Preservation of the rescaled adjusted range[J].Water Resources Research.1978,14:491-518.
[5] 屈世显,张建华.复杂系统的分形理论与应用[M]. 西安:陕西人民出版社,1995:344-358.
[6] 刘楚文.松花坝水库水源区面源污染的防治[J].水资源保护,2007,23(6):23-27.
[7] 孔桂芬.松华坝水库水质现状及变化趋势分析[J].云南环境科学,2006,25(S):116-118.
[8] 薛亚东.松华坝水库上游牧羊河氮、磷主要来源研究[J].水生态学杂志,2009,2(6):132-134.
[9] Hurst H E.The Long-term Storage Capacity of Reservoirs[J].Transactions of the American Socie-ty of Civil Engineers,1951,116:770880.
[10] 冯晓月,王克勤,华锦欣,等.松华坝水源区牧羊河氮、磷分布特征研究[J].绿色科技,2017,(10):32-34,36.
[11] 张少文,王文圣,丁晶,等.分形理论在水文水资源中的应用[J].水科学进展,2005,16(1):141-146.
[12] 孝礼,胡宝清,夏军.水文时序趋势与变异点的R/ S分析法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2002,35(2):10-12.
[13] 邱学礼,付斌,夏体渊,等.松华坝水库入库河流牧羊河水质时空变异特征[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(2):255-258.
[14] 张瑞国,王克勤,陈奇伯,等.昆明市松华坝水源区不同利用类型坡地氮素输移规律[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(1):47-50.
[15] 赵忠琼,陈红书.松华坝水源保护区污染现状及整治对策建议[J].环境科学导刊,2011,30(6):40-45.
[16] 李宗逊,丁宏伟.昆明市松花坝水库氮、磷主要来源的间接证据[J].西南农业学报,2007,2(3):430-434.