Ni_3Al基自润滑复合材料摩擦学性能的研究
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摘要
采用真空热压烧结方法制备了Ni3Al基自润滑复合材料,通过HT-1000型球盘式高温摩擦仪分别测试了不同条件下Ni3Al基自润滑复合材料的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:复合材料在20～1 000℃均具有良好的自润滑性能,其摩擦系数在0.24～0.43之间.研究发现复合材料在低载(5 N、滑动速度为0.2 m/s)低温(20～400℃)下具有最低的摩擦系数(0.24～0.29),但在低载高温下(600℃以上)摩擦系数较高(0.39～0.41);而在高载(20 N)时在整个温度测试区间(20～1 000℃)拥有低而稳定的摩擦系数(0.28～0.31).Ni3Al基自润滑材料优异的高温摩擦学性能归因于高温下材料摩擦表面形成的银、氟化物、氧化物以及钼酸盐等低剪切化合物的协同润滑作用.
The Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy technique.The tribological properties of the Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composites were investigated under different conditions using a HT-1000 type ball on disc high temperature tribometer.The results show that the composites had good self-lubricating properties from 20 ℃ to 1 000 ℃,and the friction coefficient ranged from 0.24 to 0.43.The friction coefficient was the lowest(from 0.24 to 0.29) at a load of 5 N and temperatures from 20 ℃ to 400 ℃,but high friction coefficient(from 0.39 to 0.41) at temperature higher than 600 ℃.The composites had low and steady friction coefficient(0.28～0.31) at a load of 20 N from 20 ℃ to 1 000 ℃.The excellent high-temperature tribological properties of Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composites can be attributed to synergtic lubricating effect of Ag,fluorides,oxides and molybdates on the frictional surface.
The Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy technique.The tribological properties of the Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composites were investigated under different conditions using a HT-1000 type ball on disc high temperature tribometer.The results show that the composites had good self-lubricating properties from 20 ℃ to 1 000 ℃,and the friction coefficient ranged from 0.24 to 0.43.The friction coefficient was the lowest(from 0.24 to 0.29) at a load of 5 N and temperatures from 20 ℃ to 400 ℃,but high friction coefficient(from 0.39 to 0.41) at temperature higher than 600 ℃.The composites had low and steady friction coefficient(0.28～0.31) at a load of 20 N from 20 ℃ to 1 000 ℃.The excellent high-temperature tribological properties of Ni3Al matrix self-lubricating composites can be attributed to synergtic lubricating effect of Ag,fluorides,oxides and molybdates on the frictional surface.
引文
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[2]Du L Z,Xu B S,Dong S Y,et al.Study on the tribologicalproperties of electro-brush plated nano-Al2O3/Ni compositecoating under the lubrication of oil containing abrasivecontaminant[J].Tribology,2004,24(5):392-396(inChinese)[杜令忠,徐滨士,董世运,等.含污染物油润滑条件下n-Al2O3/Ni复合电刷镀层的摩擦学性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(5):392-396].
[3]Cao T K,Deng J X.Friction and wear behavior of self-lubricating ceramic composite[J].Tribology,2005,25(6):564-568(in Chinese)[曹同坤,邓建新.一种自润滑陶瓷摩擦磨损性能的研究[J].摩擦学学报,2005,25(6):564-568].
[4]Cao Z Y,Liu Y B,Yang X H,et al.Analysis on mechanism andtribological behavior of Al alloy based graphite composites[J].Tribology,1999,19(4):327-330(in Chinese)[曹占义,刘勇兵,杨晓红,等.铝基石墨复合材料的摩擦特性与机理分析[J].摩擦学学报,1999,19(4):327-330].
[5]Zhu S Y,Bi Q L,Yang J,et al.Effect of particle size ontribological behavior of Ni3Al matrix high temperature self-lubricating composites[J].Tribology International,2011,44:1 800-1 809.
[6]Dellacorte C,Sliney H E.Tribological and mechanicalcomparison of sintered and HIP ped PM212:high temperatureself-lubricating composites[J].Lubrication Engineering,1992,48:877-885.
[7]Ding C H,Li P L,Ran G,et al.Tribological property of self-lubricating PM304 composite[J].Wear,2007,262:575-581.
[8]Deadmore D L,Sliney H E.Hardness of CaF2 and BaF2 solidlubricants at 25～670℃.NASA-TM-88979,1987.
[9]Zhu S Y,Bi Q L,Yang J,et al.Tribological property of Ni3Almatrix composites with addition of BaMoO4[J].TribologyLetters,2011,43:55-63.
[10]Zhu S Y,Bi Q L,Wu H R,et al.Ni3Al matrix high temperatureself-lubricating composite[J].Tribology Letters,2011,41:535-540.
[11]Zhu S Y,Bi Q L,Yang J,et al.Effect of fluoride content onfriction and wear performance of Ni3Al matrix high-temperatureself-lubricating composites[J].Tribology Letters,2011,43:341-349.
[12]Kong L Q,Bi Q L,Zhu S Y,et al.Tribological properties of ZrO2(Y2O3)-Mo-BaF2/CaF2 composites at high temperatures[J].Tribology International,2012,45:43-49.
[13]Zhu S Y.Fabrication and tribological performance of Ni-Almatrix high temperature self-lubricating composites[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,2011(in Chinese)[朱圣宇.镍铝基高温自润滑复合材料的制备及其摩擦学性能的研究[D].兰州:中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,2011].
[14]Gulbiński W,Suszko T,Sienicki W,et al.Tribological propertiesof silver-and copper-doped transition metal oxide coatings[J].Wear,2003,254:129-135.
[15]Aouadi S M,Singh D P,Stone D S,et al.Adaptive VN/Agnanocomposite coatings with lubricious behavior from 25 to1 000℃[J].Acta Materialia,2010,58:5 326-5 331.
[16]Pauschitz A,Roy M,Franek F.Mechanisms of sliding wear ofmetals and alloys at elevated Temperatures[J].TribologyInternational,2008,41:584-602.
[17]Jin Y,Kato K,Umehara N.Further investigation on thetribological behavior of Al2O3-20Ag-20CaF2 composite at650℃[J].Tribology Letters,1999,6:225-232.
[18]Zhu S Y,Bi Q L,Niu M Y,et al.Tribological behavior of NiAlmatrix composites with addition of oxides at high temperatures[J].Wear,2012,274-275:423-434.
[19]Du L Z,Huang C B,Zhang W G,et al.Effect of NiCr cladBaF2.CaF2 additionon wear performance of plasma sprayedchromium carbide-nichrome coating[J].Journal of ThermalSpray Technology,2010,19(3):551-557.