基于繁忙因子的WSN自适应双簇头分簇算法研究
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摘要
在WSN中,节点之间不平衡通信消耗大量能量,因此网络生存时间较短。为改善网络整体生存时间,提出一种基于网络繁忙因子的簇头自适应切换算法。首先,算法一次性选举双簇头,再根据网络实际情况自适应切换簇头。然后,在簇头选举完成后,节点通过当前簇头与基站通信,若当前簇头的能量低于门限值,则网络中的当前簇头将被切换到次级簇头,此时节点通过次级簇头与基站通信,从而降低节点能耗,减少节点的死亡率。双簇头切换机制缩短了整体通信距离,缓解簇头节点过早死亡,使网络生存时间增长。仿真结果表明,该算法通过缩短整体通信距离可显著降低整体网络的能量消耗,增加网络的生存时间。
The communication between sensor nodes plays an important role in Wireless Sensor Network( WSN),because it affects the network lifetime. However,the communication is quite unbalanced,which may result in an increased energy consumption and decreased network lifetime. To address the problem,a busy coefficient based WSN adaptive cluster head switching algorithm was proposed. Firstly,the algorithm chose dual cluster heads,and the nodes communicated with the base station through the current cluster head and adaptively switch the cluster head according to the actual situation in network. Secondly,if its energy was less than the threshold,the current cluster head was switched to the secondary one,and the node communicated with the base station through the secondary one.Finally,the simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm could improve the network lifetime by shortening the overall communication distance of the nodes,thus outperformed in both energy consumption and in network lifetime.
The communication between sensor nodes plays an important role in Wireless Sensor Network( WSN),because it affects the network lifetime. However,the communication is quite unbalanced,which may result in an increased energy consumption and decreased network lifetime. To address the problem,a busy coefficient based WSN adaptive cluster head switching algorithm was proposed. Firstly,the algorithm chose dual cluster heads,and the nodes communicated with the base station through the current cluster head and adaptively switch the cluster head according to the actual situation in network. Secondly,if its energy was less than the threshold,the current cluster head was switched to the secondary one,and the node communicated with the base station through the secondary one.Finally,the simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm could improve the network lifetime by shortening the overall communication distance of the nodes,thus outperformed in both energy consumption and in network lifetime.
引文
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[2]Yick J,Mukherjee B,Ghosal D.Wireless sensor network survey[J].Computer Networks,2008,52(12):2292-2330.
[3]徐红兵,祝颖.基于拓扑控制的异类WSN分簇算法研究[J].电子科技大学学报,2006(S1):674-677.Xu Hongbing,Zhu Ying.A topology-based cluster algorithm of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks[J].Journal of U-niversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2006(S1):674-677.
[4]王瑞锦,秦志光,王佳昊.WSN分簇路由协议分析[J].电子科技大学学报,2013,42(3):81-86.Wang Ruijin,Qin Zhiguang,Wang Jiahao.Analysis of wireless sensor network cluster routering protocol[J].Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2013,42(3):81-86.
[5]Chen K,Shen H.DTN-FLOW:inter-landmark data flow for high-throughput routing in DTNs[J].IEEE/ACMTransactions on Networking,2015,23(1):212-226.
[6]Perrig A,Szewczyk R,Wen V,et al.SPINS:Security protocols for sensor networks[J].Wireless Networks,2002,8(5):521-534
[7]钱志鸿,王义君.面向物联网的WSN综述[J].电子与信息学报,2013(1):215-227.Qian Zhihong,Wang Yijun.Internet of Things-oriented wireless sensor networsk review[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2013(1):215-227.
[8]Karp B,Kung H T.GPSR:Greedy perimeter stateless routing forwireless networks[C].Boston:International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking,2000.
[9]胡升泽,包卫东,王博,等.WSN基于多元簇头的分簇数据收集算法[J].电子与信息学报,2014(2):403-408.Hu Shengze,Bao Weidong,Wang Bo,et al.Clustering data gathering algorithm based on multiple cluster heads for wireless sensor networks[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2014(2):403-408.
[10]何美红,许成谦,张东良.基于NS2的LEACH协议仿真与分析[J].电子测量技术,2009(1):40-42.He Meihong,Xu Chengqian,Zhang Dongliang.LEACH route protocal simulation and analysis based on NS2[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2009(1):40-42.
[11]Heinzelman,Wendi Rabiner,Chandrakasan A,et al.Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks[C].Hawaii:IEEE Computer Society,2000.
[12]Sung Y,Tong L,Ephremides A.A new metric for routing in multi-hop wireless sensor networks for detection of correlated random fields[C].Atlantic City:IEEE Military Communications Conference,2005.
[13]Lu H,Feng H,Zheng W G,et al.A TDMA-based MAC protocol in underwater sensor networks[C].Dalian:International Conference on Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing,IEEE,2008.
[14]Aslam M,Javaid N,Rahim A,et al.Survey of extended LEACH-based clustering routing protocols for wireless sensor networks[C].Washington DC:IEEE Computer Society,2012.
[15]Zhang J W,Ji Y Y,Zhang J,et al.A weighted clustering algorithm based routing protocol in wireless sensor networks[C].Guangzhou:Isecs International Colloquium on Computing,Communication,Control and Management,2008.