包钢尾矿库土壤中重金属污染风险评价
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摘要
应用单因子指数法、综合污染评价法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对包钢尾矿库表层土壤中重金属元素Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn的污染特征进行研究。结果表明:尾矿库土壤中重金属Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn的平均浓度分别为0.75、179.60、20.31、24.88、291.21mg/kg,其中Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn的浓度分别是内蒙古第二次土壤普查背景值的16.5、34.6、13.8、15.8倍,重金属Cd、Pb及Zn的浓度超过土壤质量标准限值,超标率分别为85.71%、57.14%、50%,包钢尾矿坝及周边土壤受到不同程度的重金属污染,各重金属潜在生态风险参数由高至低顺序为Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr。
The pollution characteristics of heavy metal elements Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in the surface soil of Baotou Steel's tailings pond were studied by single factor index method, comprehensive pollution assessment method and Hakanson potential ecological risk index method. The results showed that the average concentrations of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in the tailings pond soil were 0.75, 179.60, 20.31, 24.88 and 291.21 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn are 16.5, 34.6, 13.8 and 15.8 times of the background value of the second soil survey in Inner Mongolia, respectively.The concentrations of heavy metals Cd, Pb, and Zn exceeded the soil quality standard limits, The over-standard rates were 85.71%, 57.14%, and 50%, respectively. The surrounding soil is polluted by different degrees of heavy metals. The potential ecological risk parameters of each heavy metal are Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr from high to low.
The pollution characteristics of heavy metal elements Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in the surface soil of Baotou Steel's tailings pond were studied by single factor index method, comprehensive pollution assessment method and Hakanson potential ecological risk index method. The results showed that the average concentrations of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in the tailings pond soil were 0.75, 179.60, 20.31, 24.88 and 291.21 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn are 16.5, 34.6, 13.8 and 15.8 times of the background value of the second soil survey in Inner Mongolia, respectively.The concentrations of heavy metals Cd, Pb, and Zn exceeded the soil quality standard limits, The over-standard rates were 85.71%, 57.14%, and 50%, respectively. The surrounding soil is polluted by different degrees of heavy metals. The potential ecological risk parameters of each heavy metal are Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr from high to low.
引文
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[2]黄铭洪,骆永明.矿区土地修复与生态恢复.土壤学报2003;40:161-169.
[3]赵默涵.矿山废弃地土壤基质改良研究.中国农学通报2008;24:128-131.
[4]杨晓刚,胡冰,庄洋,等.呼伦贝尔露天煤矿堆土场外围牧场土壤的重金属污染评价[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(9):152-156.
[5]王哲,张国盛,王颖.包钢尾矿坝土壤重金属污染诊断[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(12).
[6] Hakanson L,H?kanson,L,Hakansonn L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sediment ecological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.