“儿童”是谁?蒙台梭利如是说——蒙台梭利对儿童身份问题回答之初探
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摘要
"儿童"是谁?这对每一个成人、教师和父母来说,都是一个必须面对和认真思考的问题。通过长期的"儿童之家"教育实践,现代西方幼儿教育大师、意大利幼儿教育家玛丽亚·蒙台梭利在她的幼儿教育著作中对这一问题给予了科学而简明的回答:儿童是创造者,儿童是观察者,儿童是工作者,儿童是探究者,儿童是受害者。应该说,她的回答清楚地凸现出时代性、新颖性和独创性。
Who are "children"? This is an issue that every adult,teacher and parent must confront and seriously consider.Through the long-term education practice of"Children's House",Maria Montessori,a master of infant education in the West and an Italian educator of infant education,gives scientific and concise answers to this question in her books on infant education: children are creators,children are observers,children are workers,children are explorers and children are victims.It should be said that her answers clearly highlight the times,the novelty and originality.
Who are "children"? This is an issue that every adult,teacher and parent must confront and seriously consider.Through the long-term education practice of"Children's House",Maria Montessori,a master of infant education in the West and an Italian educator of infant education,gives scientific and concise answers to this question in her books on infant education: children are creators,children are observers,children are workers,children are explorers and children are victims.It should be said that her answers clearly highlight the times,the novelty and originality.
引文
[1]蒙台梭利.蒙台梭利儿童教育手册[M].肖咏捷,译.北京:中国发展出版社,2006:12.
[2]Paula Polk Lillard.Montessori:A Modern Approach[M].New York:Schocken Books,1972:xiii.
[3]康乃尔.二十世纪世界教育史[M].张法琨,等译.北京:人民教育出版社,1990:297.
[4]Maria Montessori.The Absorbent Mind[M].Madras:Kalakshetra Press,1958:2,141.
[5]Maria Montessori.The Secret of Childhood[M].New York:Frederick A.Stores Company,1939:36,72,246,141,274.
[6]Maria Montessori.The Montessori Method[M].New York:Frederick A.Stokes Company,1912:227,116,359.
[7]Maria Montessori.Education for a New World[M].Madras:Kalashetra Publications,1946:89.
[8]Maria Montessori.Childhood Education[M].Chicago:Henry Regnery Company,1974:66.
[9]蒙台梭利.教育与和平[M].喻华慧,译.北京:中国发展出版社,2017:193-194.
[2]Paula Polk Lillard.Montessori:A Modern Approach[M].New York:Schocken Books,1972:xiii.
[3]康乃尔.二十世纪世界教育史[M].张法琨,等译.北京:人民教育出版社,1990:297.
[4]Maria Montessori.The Absorbent Mind[M].Madras:Kalakshetra Press,1958:2,141.
[5]Maria Montessori.The Secret of Childhood[M].New York:Frederick A.Stores Company,1939:36,72,246,141,274.
[6]Maria Montessori.The Montessori Method[M].New York:Frederick A.Stokes Company,1912:227,116,359.
[7]Maria Montessori.Education for a New World[M].Madras:Kalashetra Publications,1946:89.
[8]Maria Montessori.Childhood Education[M].Chicago:Henry Regnery Company,1974:66.
[9]蒙台梭利.教育与和平[M].喻华慧,译.北京:中国发展出版社,2017:193-194.