数值模拟中细观泡孔构型对硅橡胶泡沫材料力学性能的影响
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摘要
基于有限元方法模拟准静态单轴压缩过程中硅橡胶泡沫材料的力学响应,并基于硅橡胶泡沫材料的泡孔特征,建立具有均匀分布且球孔尺寸一致的周期性物理模型,采用多尺度结合有限元数值方法进行模拟。根据已有的实验数据,拟合了实体硅橡胶材料的唯像本构方程。多尺度模拟研究中,建立了四种不同的细观泡孔单元,模拟了四种细观泡孔单元在准静态单轴压缩条件下的力学响应。模拟结果表明,四种细观泡孔单元均具有典型的超弹性力学特性,不同泡孔构型能造成细观模型力学响应的显著差异,四种细观泡孔单元中应力最大差值超过300%。细观模型的力学性能通过数据传递机制传输到均匀化的宏观模型后,采用有限元方法对宏观模型进行数值模拟。结果表明:宏观模型具有典型的超弹性力学特性,不同的细观泡孔构型能导致宏观模型力学响应的显著差异,其中应力最大差值超过300%。
Utilizing the finite element method,the quasi-static uniaxial compression of a silicon rubber foams was numerically simulated.The physical model for the real foams was set up as the structure with periodically distributed ideal pores with the same size.In the present study,the multi-scale method was adopted in the simulation,in which four different unit cells were constructed according to the real porous structures.These unit cells under the uniaxial quasi-static compression were numerically analyzed after phenomenologically setting up the constitutive model of the base material,i.e.,silicon rubber.The results reveal that four micro-scale models all exhibited hyper-elastic properties.However,the stress responses are different from each other,where the maximum difference is over 300%.The results of the micro-models were implanted into the evenly distributed macro-scale models by the data transfer mechanism.The simulation of the macro-scale models tells that the different unit-cell geometries affect results in the macro-scale models obviously,with the maximum stress difference over 300% as well.Therefore,validation and verification of the unit cell model are necessarily expected in order to satisfy the test data.
Utilizing the finite element method,the quasi-static uniaxial compression of a silicon rubber foams was numerically simulated.The physical model for the real foams was set up as the structure with periodically distributed ideal pores with the same size.In the present study,the multi-scale method was adopted in the simulation,in which four different unit cells were constructed according to the real porous structures.These unit cells under the uniaxial quasi-static compression were numerically analyzed after phenomenologically setting up the constitutive model of the base material,i.e.,silicon rubber.The results reveal that four micro-scale models all exhibited hyper-elastic properties.However,the stress responses are different from each other,where the maximum difference is over 300%.The results of the micro-models were implanted into the evenly distributed macro-scale models by the data transfer mechanism.The simulation of the macro-scale models tells that the different unit-cell geometries affect results in the macro-scale models obviously,with the maximum stress difference over 300% as well.Therefore,validation and verification of the unit cell model are necessarily expected in order to satisfy the test data.
引文
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[21]龚科家,危银涛,叶进雄.填充橡胶超弹性本构参数试验与应用[J].工程力学,2009,26(6):193~198.
[22]胡小玲,刘秀,李明,等.炭黑填充橡胶超弹性本构模型的选取策略[J].工程力学,2014,31(5):34~48.
[2] Gong L.,Kyriakides S.,Jang W.Y.Compressive Response of Opencell Foams[J].Part I:Morphology and Elastic Properties.International Journal of Solids and Structures,2005,42:1355~1379.
[3]吴拥中,李红云,冯圣玉.新型含氨丙基聚硅氧烷基高温硫化硅橡胶的制备[J].材料科学与工程学报,2004,22(1):41~43.
[4]陈美华,赵祺,罗世凯,等.白炭黑对RTV硅橡胶泡沫材料流变性能和力学性能的影响[J].弹性体,2011,21(4):15~19.
[5]张长生,聂福德,赵祺,石耀刚.乙烯基硅油对纯化学发泡硅橡胶泡沫性能影响[J].化工新型材料,2004,32(8):9~11.
[6]公建辉,丘泰,沈春英.羰基铁粉/硅橡胶复合体系的物理性能研究[J].材料科学与工程学报,2006,24(5):718~721.
[7]李茜,魏刚,吴波,徐晓翠.硫化发泡体系对硅橡胶泡沫材料应力松弛性能的影响[J].弹性体,2012,22(1):15~19.
[8] Nian G.,Shan Y.,Xu Q.,Qu S.Effects of Hollow Particle Shape and Distribution on the Elastic Properties of Syntactic Foams:3D Computational Modeling[J]. Computational Materials Science,2014,95:106~112.
[9] Zhang J.L.,Lu Z.X.Numerical Modeling of the Compression Process of Elastic Open-Cell Foams[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2007,20:215~222.
[10] Panowicz R., Miedzinska D.Numerical and Experimental Research on Polyisocyanurate Foam[J].Computational Materials Science,2012,64:126~129.
[11]胡文军,陈宏,张凯,陈晓丽.孔隙度对开孔硅橡胶泡沫材料性能的影响[J].橡胶工业,1998,45(11):647~651.
[12]张长生,罗世凯,石耀刚,等.混合型泡孔结构硅橡胶泡沫的制备与压缩性能[J].机械工程材料,2010,34(9):34~36.
[13]陈宏,胡文军,陈晓丽,陈勇梅.乙烯基含量对开孔硅橡胶泡沫材料性能的影响[J].橡胶工业,2000,47(8):460~463.
[14]胡文军,陈宏,徐镜廉,周德惠.蜂窝结构复合硅橡胶泡沫材料的制备与性能[J].橡胶工业,2000,47(9):543~546.
[15]史平安,胡文军,张长生.制备工艺对硅泡沫材料微观结构和宏观力学性能的影响研究[J].功能材料与器件学报,2014,20(5):93~100.
[16]丁国芳,程青民,石耀刚,等.四针状氧化锌晶须对硅橡胶泡沫材料性能的影响[J].机械工程材料,2010,34(7):27~29.
[17] Sabuwala T., Gioia G.Skeleton-and-Bubble Model of Polyether-Polyurethane Elastic Open-Cell Foams for Finite Element Analysis at Large Deformations[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,2013,61:886~911.
[18] Alsayednoor J.,Harrison P.,Guo Z.Large Strain Compressive Response of 2-D Periodic Representative Volume Element for Random Foam Microstructures[J].Mechanics of Materials,2013,66:7~20.
[19] Chen Y.,Das R.,Battley M.Effects of Cell Size and Cell Wall Thickness Variations on the Stiffness of Closed-Cell Foams[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2015,52:150~164.
[20]王沪毅,胡文军,杨玉明.硅橡胶泡孔材料在压缩条件下的多尺度模拟[J].材料科学与工程学报,2014,32(3):376~379.
[21]龚科家,危银涛,叶进雄.填充橡胶超弹性本构参数试验与应用[J].工程力学,2009,26(6):193~198.
[22]胡小玲,刘秀,李明,等.炭黑填充橡胶超弹性本构模型的选取策略[J].工程力学,2014,31(5):34~48.