稀土Ce掺杂花状SnO_2分级结构的制备与气敏性能
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摘要
采用水热法,以Na_2SnO_3·4H_2O和酒精水一步合成了特殊花状SnO_2分级结构,并对花状SnO_2分级结构进行稀土Ce掺杂。利用SEM、XRD、EDX和气敏测试仪器对结构形貌、成分和气敏性能进行了表征和测试。掺杂前后的花状SnO_2分级结构均呈六瓣均匀对称结构,花瓣由一些短棒组成。气敏性能结果表明:掺杂Ce有利于降低元件对乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、甲醇、甲醛的最佳工作电压;工作电压U=4V,3%(摩尔分数)Ce掺杂元件对体积分数为1000×10~(-6)的乙醇和甲醛气体灵敏度高达450和250左右;U=4.5V,3%Ce掺杂元件对体积分数为100×10~(-6)的异丙醇气体,响应恢复时间为3s/7s,元件对体积分数为100×10~(-6)的甲醇气体响应恢复时间为5s/3s,均比未掺杂样品快2倍左右。
With one-step hydrothermal method,pure SnO_2and Ce-doped SnO_2with flower-like hierarchical structure were successfully synthesized using Na_2SnO_3·4H_2O,alcohol-water and CeCl_3·7H_2O.The morphology,composition and gas sensitivity of the structure were characterized and tested by SEM,XRD,EDX and gas sensing instruments.The flowerlike SnO_2hierarchical structure with doping or not has a six-petal uniform symmetrical structure,and the petals are composed of nanorods arrays.The gas-sensitivity results show that:Ce-doped SnO_2is beneficial to reduce the optimum working voltage of components for ethanol,isopropanol,acetone,methanol and formaldehyde;U=4 V,for the 3%(mole fraction)Ce-doped Sn O_2,the maximum response to 1000×10~(-6)(volume fraction)of ethanol and methanol is up to 450 and 250,respectively;U=4.5 V,the 3%Cedoped sensor show excellent response and recovery time to isopropanol and methanol,response and recovery time is 3 s and 7 s for 100×10~(-6)(volume fraction)of isopropanol,5 s and 3 s for 100×10~(-6)(volume fraction)of methanol,which are both 2 times faster than those of the undoped SnO_2.
With one-step hydrothermal method,pure SnO_2and Ce-doped SnO_2with flower-like hierarchical structure were successfully synthesized using Na_2SnO_3·4H_2O,alcohol-water and CeCl_3·7H_2O.The morphology,composition and gas sensitivity of the structure were characterized and tested by SEM,XRD,EDX and gas sensing instruments.The flowerlike SnO_2hierarchical structure with doping or not has a six-petal uniform symmetrical structure,and the petals are composed of nanorods arrays.The gas-sensitivity results show that:Ce-doped SnO_2is beneficial to reduce the optimum working voltage of components for ethanol,isopropanol,acetone,methanol and formaldehyde;U=4 V,for the 3%(mole fraction)Ce-doped Sn O_2,the maximum response to 1000×10~(-6)(volume fraction)of ethanol and methanol is up to 450 and 250,respectively;U=4.5 V,the 3%Cedoped sensor show excellent response and recovery time to isopropanol and methanol,response and recovery time is 3 s and 7 s for 100×10~(-6)(volume fraction)of isopropanol,5 s and 3 s for 100×10~(-6)(volume fraction)of methanol,which are both 2 times faster than those of the undoped SnO_2.
引文
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[3]ZHOU Q,TANG C,ZHU S P,et al.Synthesis,characterisation and sensing properties of Sm2O3doped Sn O2nanorods to C2H2gas extracted from power transformer oil[J].Mater Technol:Adv Perform Mater,2016,31(6):364-370.
[4]QIN G H,GAO F,JIANG Q P,et al.Well-aligned Nddoped Sn O2nanorod layered arrays:preparation,characterization and enhanced alcohol-gas sensing performance[J].Phys Chem Chem Phys,2016,18:5537-5549.
[5]YANG J D,WANG S R,ZHANG L P,et al.Zn2Sn O4-doped Sn O2hollow spheres for phenylamine gas sensor application[J].Sens Actuators B,2017,239:857-864.
[6]GAO F,QIN G H,LI Y H,et al.One-pot synthesis of La-doped Sn O2layered nanoarrays with an enhanced gassensing performance toward acetone[J].RSC Adv,2016,6(13):10298-10310.
[7]NIKANA E,KHODADADI A A,MORTAZAVI Y.Highly enhanced response and selectivity of electrospun Zn O-doped Sn O2[J].Sens Actuators B,2013,184:196-204.
[8]KOU X Y,WANG C,DING M D,et al.Synthesis of Co-doped Sn O2nanofibers and their enhanced gas-sensing properties[J].Sens Actuators B,2016,236:425-432.
[9]LI W Q,MA S Y,LI Y F,et al.Preparation of Prdoped Sn O2hollow nanofibers by electrospinning method and their gas sensing properties[J].J Alloys Compd,2014,605:80-88.
[10]LIAN X X,LI Y,TONG X Q,et al.Synthesis of Cedoped Sn O2nanoparticles and their acetone gas sensing properties[J].Appl Surf Sci,2017,407:447-455.
[11]JIANG Z W,GUO Z,SUN B,et al.Highly sensitive and selective butanone sensors based on cerium-doped Sn O2thin films[J].Sens Actuators B,2010,145:667-673.
[12]QU Y,WANG H,CHEN H,et al.Highly sensitive and selective toluene sensor based on Ce-doped coral-like Sn O2[J].RSC Adv,2015,5:16446-16449.
[13]WANG H K,ROGACH-ANDREY L.Hierarchical Sn O2nanostructures:recent advances in design[J].Chem Mater,2014,26(1):123-133.
[14]PAN S H,ZHOU R,NIU H H.Hierarchical Sn O2hollow sub-microspheres for panchromatic PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells[J].J Alloys Compd,2017,709:187-196.
[15]ZHANG C L,WANG J,HU R J,et al.Synthesis and gas sensing properties of porous hierarchical Sn O2by grapefruit exocarp biotemplate[J].Sens Actuators B,2016,222:1134-1143.
[16]ZHOU X M,FU W Y,YANG H B,et al.Novel Sn O2hierarchical nanostructures:synthesis and their gas sensing properties[J].Mater Lett,2013,90:53-55.
[17]ZHANG B W,FU W Y,LI H Y,et al.Synthesis and characterization of hierarchical porous Sn O2for enhancing ethanol sensing properties[J].Appl Surf Sci,2016,363:560-565.
[18]FENG H L,LI C,LI T,et al.Three-dimensional hierarchical Sn O2dodecahedral nanocrystals with enhanced humidity sensing properties[J].Sens Actuators B,2017,243:704-714.
[19]LIU D J,LIU T M,HANG H J,et al.Gas sensing mechanism and properties of Ce-doped Sn O2sensors for volatile organic compounds[J].Mater Sci Semicond Proc,2012,15:438-444.
[20]GAO F,LI Y H,ZHAO Y P,et al.Facile synthesis of flower-like hierarchical architecture of Sn O2nanoarrays[J].J Alloys Compd,2017,703:354-360.
[21]SHAIKH F I,CHIKHALE L P,PATIL J Y,et al.Enhanced acetone sensing performance of nanostructured Sm2O3doped Sn O2thick films[J].Rare Earths,2017,35(8):813-823.
[22]QIN Z J,LIU Y K,CHEN W W,et al.The highly promotive sensing performance of a single cerium doped Sn O2nanobelt sensor to ethanol[J].Mater Sci Semicond Proc,2016,52:75-81.
[23]AHMADNIA-FEYZABAD S,MORTAZAVI Y,KHODADADI A A,et al.Sm2O3doped-Sn O2nanoparticles,very selective and sensitive to volatile organic compounds[J].Sens Actuators B,2013,181:910-918.