红光处理西瓜植株对南方根结线虫抗性的影响
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摘要
为了研究红光诱导西瓜对南方根结线虫系统抗性的效果,将2个对南方根结线虫抗性存在明显差异的西瓜材料(感病材料‘中科1号’与抗病材料‘红籽瓜’)接种南方根结线虫后,夜间进行红光补光处理,然后分别测定根结指数、生长情况及抗性相关酶活性等指标。结果表明,在红光处理后,2个西瓜材料的根结指数与对照相比均显著降低,植株株高、地上部鲜质量、根鲜质量均显著增加,达到正常植株水平;2个材料的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性比对照均显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著降低,但‘红籽瓜’的PAL、POD、SOD活性变化幅度均比‘中科1号’大;多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性没有明显变化。综上所述,表明红光夜间补光处理能诱导西瓜对南方根结线虫的抗性,同时也表明,红光夜间处理有可能是控制线虫侵染西瓜的潜在方法,尤其适用于设施栽培中。
This study was conducted to research efficiency of red light to induce systemic resistance in watermelon plants against Meloidogyne incognita, two watermelon seedlings with different resistance(Susceptible material‘Zhongke No. 1',resistant material‘Hongzigua') were exposed to red light in night after inoculation of nematodes,their root knot index,growth and resistance-related enzyme activity and other indicators were measured. The results showed that after the red light treatment, the root knot index of two watermelon materials significantly decreased compared with the control, plant height, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight were significantly increased to the normal plant level. The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) and peroxidase(POD) activities of the two materials increased significantly compared with the control and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) decreased significantly. But the amplitude of PAL, POD and SOD of‘Hongzigua'activity was higher than that of‘Zhongke No. 1', polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activities has no significant change. The results showed that the red light treatment at night could induce watermelon resistance to Meloidogyne incognita,suggesting that nighttime red light treatment might be a potential method to control watermelon infestation by nematodes,especially for plant cultivation.
This study was conducted to research efficiency of red light to induce systemic resistance in watermelon plants against Meloidogyne incognita, two watermelon seedlings with different resistance(Susceptible material‘Zhongke No. 1',resistant material‘Hongzigua') were exposed to red light in night after inoculation of nematodes,their root knot index,growth and resistance-related enzyme activity and other indicators were measured. The results showed that after the red light treatment, the root knot index of two watermelon materials significantly decreased compared with the control, plant height, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight were significantly increased to the normal plant level. The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) and peroxidase(POD) activities of the two materials increased significantly compared with the control and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) decreased significantly. But the amplitude of PAL, POD and SOD of‘Hongzigua'activity was higher than that of‘Zhongke No. 1', polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activities has no significant change. The results showed that the red light treatment at night could induce watermelon resistance to Meloidogyne incognita,suggesting that nighttime red light treatment might be a potential method to control watermelon infestation by nematodes,especially for plant cultivation.
引文
[1]Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations[DB/OL].[2018-01-16].http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC.
[2]吕星光,李敏,杜玉芬,等.西瓜嫁接砧木对南方根结线虫的抗性鉴定[J].北方园艺,2016(7):104-107.
[3]ISLAM S Z,BABADOOST M,BEKAL S,et al.Red light-induced systemic disease resistance against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC 3000[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2008,156(12):708-714.
[4]YANG Y X,WANG M M,REN Y,et al.Light-induced systemic resistance in tomato plants against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2014,76(2):167-175.
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[6]王志伟,李涵,孙德玺,等.4个甜瓜野生近缘种对南方根结线虫的抗性评价[J].中国瓜菜,2014,27(1):13-16.
[7]WYSS U,ZUNKE U.Observations on the behaviour of second stage juveniles of Heterodera schachtii inside host roots[J].Revue de Nematologie,1986,9(2):153-165.
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[11]叶德友,钱春桃,贾媛媛,等.黄瓜及其近缘种对南方根结线虫的抗性及酶响应变化的研究[J].园艺学报,2009,36(12):1755-1760.
[12]金国良,王富,纪文磊,等.南方根结线虫侵染对黑籽南瓜生物学性状及根系酶活性的影响[J].中国果菜,2009(9):14-16.
[13]徐小明,于芹,徐坤,等.南方根结线虫侵染对茄子砧木幼苗根系活性氧代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].园艺学报,2008,35(12):1767-1772.
[14]RAMESH V,SIROHI A,DASGUPTA D R.Peroxidase-a possible biochemical resistance marker against the root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in tomato[J].Annals of Plant Protection Sciences,1996,4(2):180-182.
[15]JUNG W J,JIN Y L,KIM Y C,et al.Inoculation of Paenibacillus illinoisensis alleviates root mortality,activates of lignification-related enzymes,and induction of the isozymes in pepper plants infected by Phytophthora capsici[J].Biological Control,2004,30(3):645-652.
[16]王冰林,韩太利,李媛媛.根结线虫侵染对茄子苗期生理生化反应的影响[J].北方园艺,2012(23):139-142.
[17]RAJASEKHAR S P,GANGULY A K,SWAIN S C.Quantitative changes in superoxide dismutase,catalase and peroxidase with reference to resistance in tomato to Meloidogyne incognita[J].Indian Journal of Nematology,1997,27(1):79-85.
[18]Molinari S.Changes of catalase and SOD activities in the early response of tomato to Meloidogyne attack[J].Nematologia Mediterranea,1999,27(1):167-172.
[19]姜爱丽,胡文忠,孟宪军,等.外源水杨酸处理对采后蓝莓果实苯丙烷代谢的影响[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(6):334-341.
[20]WANG H,JIANG Y P,YU H J,et al.Light quality affects incidence of powdery mildew,expression of defence-related genes and associated metabolism in cucumber plants[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2010,127(1):125-135.
[2]吕星光,李敏,杜玉芬,等.西瓜嫁接砧木对南方根结线虫的抗性鉴定[J].北方园艺,2016(7):104-107.
[3]ISLAM S Z,BABADOOST M,BEKAL S,et al.Red light-induced systemic disease resistance against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC 3000[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2008,156(12):708-714.
[4]YANG Y X,WANG M M,REN Y,et al.Light-induced systemic resistance in tomato plants against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2014,76(2):167-175.
[5]李可,邓云,孙德玺,等.抗南方根结线虫西瓜砧木资源的筛选[J].中国瓜菜,2016,29(4):15-18.
[6]王志伟,李涵,孙德玺,等.4个甜瓜野生近缘种对南方根结线虫的抗性评价[J].中国瓜菜,2014,27(1):13-16.
[7]WYSS U,ZUNKE U.Observations on the behaviour of second stage juveniles of Heterodera schachtii inside host roots[J].Revue de Nematologie,1986,9(2):153-165.
[8]YANG Y X,WANG M M,YIN Y L,et al.RNA-seq analysis reveals the role of red light in resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC 3000 in tomato plants[J].BMC Genomics,2015,16.
[9]MUTAR S S,FATTAH F A.Red light-induced systemic resistance to root knot nematodes in tomato[J].Journal of Biology,Agriculture and Healthcare,2013,3(15):110-114.
[10]范存斐,阳毕,王云飞,等.水杨酸对厚皮甜瓜采后病害及苯丙烷代谢的影响[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(3):584-589.
[11]叶德友,钱春桃,贾媛媛,等.黄瓜及其近缘种对南方根结线虫的抗性及酶响应变化的研究[J].园艺学报,2009,36(12):1755-1760.
[12]金国良,王富,纪文磊,等.南方根结线虫侵染对黑籽南瓜生物学性状及根系酶活性的影响[J].中国果菜,2009(9):14-16.
[13]徐小明,于芹,徐坤,等.南方根结线虫侵染对茄子砧木幼苗根系活性氧代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].园艺学报,2008,35(12):1767-1772.
[14]RAMESH V,SIROHI A,DASGUPTA D R.Peroxidase-a possible biochemical resistance marker against the root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in tomato[J].Annals of Plant Protection Sciences,1996,4(2):180-182.
[15]JUNG W J,JIN Y L,KIM Y C,et al.Inoculation of Paenibacillus illinoisensis alleviates root mortality,activates of lignification-related enzymes,and induction of the isozymes in pepper plants infected by Phytophthora capsici[J].Biological Control,2004,30(3):645-652.
[16]王冰林,韩太利,李媛媛.根结线虫侵染对茄子苗期生理生化反应的影响[J].北方园艺,2012(23):139-142.
[17]RAJASEKHAR S P,GANGULY A K,SWAIN S C.Quantitative changes in superoxide dismutase,catalase and peroxidase with reference to resistance in tomato to Meloidogyne incognita[J].Indian Journal of Nematology,1997,27(1):79-85.
[18]Molinari S.Changes of catalase and SOD activities in the early response of tomato to Meloidogyne attack[J].Nematologia Mediterranea,1999,27(1):167-172.
[19]姜爱丽,胡文忠,孟宪军,等.外源水杨酸处理对采后蓝莓果实苯丙烷代谢的影响[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(6):334-341.
[20]WANG H,JIANG Y P,YU H J,et al.Light quality affects incidence of powdery mildew,expression of defence-related genes and associated metabolism in cucumber plants[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2010,127(1):125-135.