中国开展周边民间外交的日本经验启示——以日本民间力量助力政府开展东南亚经济外交为例
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摘要
周边是中国总体外交布局的首要,努力开创中国周边外交的新局面对维护中国和平发展环境至关重要。当前,中国在周边推进"一带一路"倡议过程中,民间力量走进周边对于维护国家利益、推进民心相通以及提升中国软实力具有重要意义。但是,以社会组织、企业和志愿者为代表的中国民间力量走进周边仍处于起步阶段,尚不能满足本国和周边国家的期待,也难以与美国和日本等发达国家相比。日本在二战后积极开展对东南亚国家的经济外交以改善国家形象和促进日本在东南亚的贸易与投资,效果明显。日本民间力量在此过程中发挥了重要作用,取得了较为突出的成绩,其相对系统性、完整性与前瞻性的周边民间外交做法与经验值得中国总结并加以借鉴。
As"peri phery"is the top priority in China's overall diplomacy arrangement,striving for a new situation in China's peripheral diplomacy is critical to safeguard China's peaceful development environment. At present,in the process of promoting the B&R initiative around China,it is of great significance for the civilian forces to enter the surrounding areas to safeguard national interests,promote popular communication projects and enhance China's soft power. However,China's civilian forces,represented by social organizations,enterprises and volunteers,are still in the initial stage of entering the surrounding countries and cannot meet the expectations of itself and the neighboring countries,nor can they compare with the developed countries such as the United States and Japan. After World War Ⅱ,Japan actively carried out economic diplomacy with Southeast Asian countries to improve its national image and promote Japan's trade and investment in Southeast Asia with remarkable results.Japan civilian forces have played an important role in this process and made outstanding achievements. Its relatively systematic,complete and forward-looking peripheral non-governmental diplomacy practices and experiences deserve the summary and reference of China.
As"peri phery"is the top priority in China's overall diplomacy arrangement,striving for a new situation in China's peripheral diplomacy is critical to safeguard China's peaceful development environment. At present,in the process of promoting the B&R initiative around China,it is of great significance for the civilian forces to enter the surrounding areas to safeguard national interests,promote popular communication projects and enhance China's soft power. However,China's civilian forces,represented by social organizations,enterprises and volunteers,are still in the initial stage of entering the surrounding countries and cannot meet the expectations of itself and the neighboring countries,nor can they compare with the developed countries such as the United States and Japan. After World War Ⅱ,Japan actively carried out economic diplomacy with Southeast Asian countries to improve its national image and promote Japan's trade and investment in Southeast Asia with remarkable results.Japan civilian forces have played an important role in this process and made outstanding achievements. Its relatively systematic,complete and forward-looking peripheral non-governmental diplomacy practices and experiences deserve the summary and reference of China.
引文
(1)葛建廷:《日本对东南亚的经济外交:历史与现实》,《欧洲研究》2014年第3期,第100~111页。
(2)本文对日本采用“非政府组织”称呼,对中国则采用“社会组织”称呼,以示区别。
(3)(6)卢光盛、田继阳:《习近平周边外交思想:理论渊源、时代意义和实践方向》,《当代世界》2018年第8期。
(4)《习近平在新加坡国立大学的演讲》,新华网,http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-11/07/c_1117071978.htm,2015年11月7日。
(5)(7)《习近平在中央外事工作会议上强调:坚持以新时代中国特色社会主义外交思想为指导努力开创中国特色大国外交新局面》,《人民日报》2018年6月24日,第1版。
(8)《福州倡议》,《人民日报》2018年6月13日。
(1)周鑫宇:《全球治理视角下中国民间外交的新动向》,《当代世界》2018年第5期,第33页。
(1)笔者从与中国扶贫基金会国际发展部相关负责人交谈时得到的数据。
(2)葛建廷:《日本对东南亚的经济外交:历史与现实》,《欧洲研究》2014年第3期,第101页。
(3)毕世鸿:《冷战后日本与湄公河国家关系》,北京:社会科学文献出版社,2016年版,第2页。
(4)金熙德:《日本对东南亚外交的转折——从福田主义到桥本主义》,《当代亚太》1998年第7期,第7页。
(5)臧志军、包霞琴、郑浩澜:《冷战后的财界与日本外交》,上海:上海人民出版社,2013年版,第1页。
(6)Francoise Nicolas,“Catching Up or Staying Ahead:Japanese Investment in the Mekong Region and the China Factor”,p.8,available at https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nicolas_japanese_investment_mekong_region_2018.pdf.
(2)本文对日本采用“非政府组织”称呼,对中国则采用“社会组织”称呼,以示区别。
(3)(6)卢光盛、田继阳:《习近平周边外交思想:理论渊源、时代意义和实践方向》,《当代世界》2018年第8期。
(4)《习近平在新加坡国立大学的演讲》,新华网,http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-11/07/c_1117071978.htm,2015年11月7日。
(5)(7)《习近平在中央外事工作会议上强调:坚持以新时代中国特色社会主义外交思想为指导努力开创中国特色大国外交新局面》,《人民日报》2018年6月24日,第1版。
(8)《福州倡议》,《人民日报》2018年6月13日。
(1)周鑫宇:《全球治理视角下中国民间外交的新动向》,《当代世界》2018年第5期,第33页。
(1)笔者从与中国扶贫基金会国际发展部相关负责人交谈时得到的数据。
(2)葛建廷:《日本对东南亚的经济外交:历史与现实》,《欧洲研究》2014年第3期,第101页。
(3)毕世鸿:《冷战后日本与湄公河国家关系》,北京:社会科学文献出版社,2016年版,第2页。
(4)金熙德:《日本对东南亚外交的转折——从福田主义到桥本主义》,《当代亚太》1998年第7期,第7页。
(5)臧志军、包霞琴、郑浩澜:《冷战后的财界与日本外交》,上海:上海人民出版社,2013年版,第1页。
(6)Francoise Nicolas,“Catching Up or Staying Ahead:Japanese Investment in the Mekong Region and the China Factor”,p.8,available at https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nicolas_japanese_investment_mekong_region_2018.pdf.