南海海面风与海面温度耦合模态分析
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摘要
为了研究南海海面风与海面温度的相互关系,利用相关分析、经验正交函数分解、奇异值分解等方法对49a的COADS资料的南海海域的海表面温度异常(SSTA)和海表面风异常(SSWA)进行分析。SSTA的EOF1解释了总方差的50.8%,该模态与整个南海SSTA同步变化,时间系数主周期为2~3a,该系数滞后5个月,与Nino3.4指数的相关系数达到0.423;SSWA的EOF1解释了总方差的25.1%,与整个南海SSWA同向变化,时间系数的主要周期为4~8a,但与Nino3.4指数的同步相关系数只有0.04,SSTA和SSWA的SVD分析结果第一模态的方差贡献为86.7%,空间分布很好地体现了SSTA和SSWA之间的正反馈机制,左右奇异向量时间系数达到0.5,且时间系数的主要周期都为4~8a,证实了南海海域海-气耦合的主模态为ENSO模态。
To study the relationship between sea surface wind and sea surface temperature in the South China Sea(SCS),correlation analysis,empirical orthogonal function analysis(EOF)and singular value decomposition method(SVD)were used to analyze the sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)field and sea surface wind anomaly(SSWA)field from comprebensive ocean-atmosphere data set(COADS)data. EOF1of SSTA explains 50.8%of the total variance,and the spatial patterns of the EOF1mode of SSTA present the same phase distribution,and 5months lag behind the coefficient of the time series and the correlation coefficient reaches 0.423to Nino 3.4.EOF1of SSWA explains 25.1% of the total variance and presents in the same direction across SSWA of the South China Sea.SSWA time coefficient major cycle is 4~8years,but the correlation coefficient with Nino3.4index is not high.The first mode variance contribution of the SSTA and SSWA SVD analysis results is 86.7%,and the spatial distribution reflects the positive feedback mechanism between the SSTA and SSWA.The left and right singular vectors time coefficient is 0.5,and major cycle of the time coefficient is 4to 8years.These results confirm the main modes of coupled ocean-atmosphere of the South China Sea are the EI Ni珘no-Southem Oscillation mode.
To study the relationship between sea surface wind and sea surface temperature in the South China Sea(SCS),correlation analysis,empirical orthogonal function analysis(EOF)and singular value decomposition method(SVD)were used to analyze the sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)field and sea surface wind anomaly(SSWA)field from comprebensive ocean-atmosphere data set(COADS)data. EOF1of SSTA explains 50.8%of the total variance,and the spatial patterns of the EOF1mode of SSTA present the same phase distribution,and 5months lag behind the coefficient of the time series and the correlation coefficient reaches 0.423to Nino 3.4.EOF1of SSWA explains 25.1% of the total variance and presents in the same direction across SSWA of the South China Sea.SSWA time coefficient major cycle is 4~8years,but the correlation coefficient with Nino3.4index is not high.The first mode variance contribution of the SSTA and SSWA SVD analysis results is 86.7%,and the spatial distribution reflects the positive feedback mechanism between the SSTA and SSWA.The left and right singular vectors time coefficient is 0.5,and major cycle of the time coefficient is 4to 8years.These results confirm the main modes of coupled ocean-atmosphere of the South China Sea are the EI Ni珘no-Southem Oscillation mode.
引文
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[20]吴德星,李强,林霄沛,等.1990-1999渤海SSTa年际变化的特征[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(2):173-176.WU Dexing,LI Qiang,LIU Xiaopei,et al.The characteristics of the Bohai Sea SST anomaly interannual variability during 1990-1999.Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(2):173-176.(in Chinese).
[2]陈秋颖,杨坤德.南海海温年际变化的均方差分析[J].电声技术,2010,34(11):72-75.CHEN Qiuying,YANG Kunde.Mean square deviation analysis of the sea surface temperature interannual variability in the South China Sea[J].Audio Engineering,2010,34(11):72-75.(in Chinese).
[3]王东晓,周发琇,李永平.南海表层水温和海面热收支的年循环特征[J].海洋学报,1997,19(3):33-44.WANG Dongxiao,ZHOU Faxiu,LI Yongping.Annual cycle of SST and Surface Heat Budget in the South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1997,19(3):33-44.(in Chinese).
[4]吴迪生,周水华,张娟,等.太平洋-印度洋暖池次表层水温与南海夏季风爆发[J].海洋预报,2009,26(4):1-10.WU Disheng,ZHOU Shuihua,ZHANG Juan,et al.The Indo-Pacific Ocean warm pool and the South China Sea summer monsoon onset[J].Marine Forecasts,2009,26(4):1-10.(in Chinese).
[5]林爱兰,张人禾.大气低层风场对南海海温的影响及其与季风的关系[J].海洋科学,2009,33(1):95-100.LIN Ailan,ZHANG Renhe.The impact of atmospheric wind at low level on sea surface temperature over the South China Sea and its relationship to monsoon[J].Marine Sciences,2009,33(1):95-100.(in Chinese).
[6]袁媛,李崇银.热带印度洋海温异常不同模态对南海夏季风爆发的可能影响[J].大气科学,2009,33(2):325-336.YUAN Yuan,LI Chongyin.Possible impacts of the tropical Indian Ocean SST anomaly modes on the South China Sea summer monsoon onset[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2009,33(2):325-336.(in Chinese).
[7]何有海,彭楚明,关翠华,等.南海夏季风爆发与大气对流低频振荡的年际变化[J].大气科学,2000,24(6):785-794.HE Youhai,PENG Chuming,GUAN Cuihua,et al.Interannual variation of the onset of the South China Sea summer monsson and low-frequency oscillation of convective activities in the atmosphere[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2000,24(6):785-794.(in Chinese).
[8]温之平,黄荣辉,贺海晏,等.中高纬大气环流异常和低纬30~60天低频对流活动对南海夏季风爆发的影响[J].大气科学,2006,30(5):952-964.WEN Zhiping,HUANG Ronghui,HE Haiyan,et al.The influences of anomalous atmospheric circulation over mid-high latitudes and the activities of 30-60dlow frequency convection over low latitudes on the onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2006,30(5):952-964.(in Chinese).
[9]梅勇,宋帅,周林.北印度洋-南海海域海浪场、风场的年际变化特征分析[J].海洋预报,2010,27(5):27-33.MEI Yong,SONG Shuai,ZHOU Lin.Annual variation characteristics of wave fields and wind fields over the North Indian Ocean and South China Sea[J].Marine Forecasts,2010,27(5):27-33.(in Chinese).
[10]谷德军,纪忠萍,王东晓,等.不同时间尺度上南海夏季风强度与海洋热力条件的关系[J].热带气象学报,2007,23(1):14-20.GU Dejun,JI Zhongping,WANG Dongxiao,et al.The relationship between SCS summer monsoon intensity and oceanic thermodynamic variables at different time scale[J].Journal of Tropical Meteorology,2007,23(1):14-20.(in Chinese).
[11]沈春,蒋国荣,施伟来,等.南海QuikSCAt海面风场变化特征分析[J].海洋预报,2002,29(3):1-8.SHEN Chun,JIANG Guorong,SHI Weilai,et al.Characteristic analysis of the variability of QuikSCAT wind in the South China Sea[J].Marine Forecasts,2002,29(3):1-8.(in Chinese).
[12]LAU K M,H T WU,S YANG.Hydrologic processes associated with the first transition of the Asian summer monsoon:apilot satellite study[J].Bull.Amer.Meteor Soc.,1998,79(9):1871-1882.
[13]DA SILVA A M,C C YOUNG-MOLLING,S LEVITUS.Atlas of surface marine data 1994Vol.1:Algorithms and Procedures[R].NOAA Atlas NESDIS 6.U.S.Department of Conmerce,NOAA,NESDIS.,1994.
[14]施能.气象科研与预报中的多元分析方法[M].北京:气象出版社,2002.
[15]王盘兴,周伟灿,王欣,等.气象向量场奇异值分解方法及其应用[J].南京气象学院学报,1997,20(2):152-157.WANG Panxing,ZHOU Weican,WANG Xin,et al.SVD for meteorological vector fields with its applications[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,1997,20(2):152-157.(in Chinese).
[16]WALLACE J,SMITH C,BRETHERTON C.Singular value decomposition of wintertime sea surface temperature and 500-mb height anomalies[J].J.Climate,1992,5:561-576.
[17]武术,刘秦玉,胡瑞金.热带太平洋-南海-印度洋海面风与海面温度年际变化整体耦合的主模态[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(4):521-526.WU Shu,LIU Qinyu,HU Ruijin.The main coupled mode of SSW and SST in the tropical Pacific-South China Sea-Tropical Indian Ocean on interannual time scale[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(4):521-526.(in Chinese).
[18]KENNETH S C,ADAMEC D.Sea surface temperature and sea surface height variability in the North Pacific Ocean from 1993to 1999[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2002,107(C8),doi:10.1029/200lJC001060.
[19]曾广恩,齐义泉,陈秀珠.东、黄海SST与850hPa气温季节变化关系的SVD分析[J].海洋学研究,2010,28(2):22-27.ZENG Guang'en,QI Yiquan,CHEN Xiuzhu.Analysis of the relationship between the intra-seasonal variabilities of SST and 850hPa air temperature in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea using the singular value decomposition(SVD)method[J].Journal of Marine Science,2010,28(2):22-27.(in Chinese).
[20]吴德星,李强,林霄沛,等.1990-1999渤海SSTa年际变化的特征[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(2):173-176.WU Dexing,LI Qiang,LIU Xiaopei,et al.The characteristics of the Bohai Sea SST anomaly interannual variability during 1990-1999.Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(2):173-176.(in Chinese).