从专利许可数据试析生物医药领域的技术转移
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摘要
专利是技术创新的重要产出形式,其转移转化对于技术创新与经济发展具有重要意义。基于专利许可数据,从多个角度对我国生物医药领域的技术转移状况进行研究。研究结果发现:我国生物医药专利许可呈现先升后降的趋势;专利许可类型以独占许可为主,但是最近两年独占许可的数量迅速下跌,其他许可类型则没有非常明显的变化,这种数量变化或许与高新技术企业认定政策的改变密切相关。另外,研究还发现生物医药领域技术产业化速度大多数都在6年之内;技术转移的供需双方一直比较均衡;技术转移的供应方主要是高校及科研院所,需求方则主要是企业;技术转移主体的地理位置主要位于中国东部地区,江苏省位居第一位。
As an important form of technological innovation, the transfer of patents is of great significance for technological innovation and economic development. This article studies the technology transfer in the field of biomedicine in China from various dimensions based on patent license data. It is found that the patent license of biomedicine field in China has shown a trend of rising first and then decreasing. Exclusive license is the most important type of patent license, but the number of exclusive license has rapidly declined in the last two years, while other license types have not changed significantly. This quantitative change may be closely related to policy changes of high-tech corporate certification. In addition, the study also finds that the speed of industrialization of biomedical technology is mostly within six years. The suppliers and demanders of technology transfer in the field of biomedicine have always been relatively balanced. The suppliers of technology transfer are mainly universities and research institutes, while the demanders are mainly enterprises.The geographical locations of technology transfer subjects are mainly located in eastern China, and Jiangsu Province ranks first.
As an important form of technological innovation, the transfer of patents is of great significance for technological innovation and economic development. This article studies the technology transfer in the field of biomedicine in China from various dimensions based on patent license data. It is found that the patent license of biomedicine field in China has shown a trend of rising first and then decreasing. Exclusive license is the most important type of patent license, but the number of exclusive license has rapidly declined in the last two years, while other license types have not changed significantly. This quantitative change may be closely related to policy changes of high-tech corporate certification. In addition, the study also finds that the speed of industrialization of biomedical technology is mostly within six years. The suppliers and demanders of technology transfer in the field of biomedicine have always been relatively balanced. The suppliers of technology transfer are mainly universities and research institutes, while the demanders are mainly enterprises.The geographical locations of technology transfer subjects are mainly located in eastern China, and Jiangsu Province ranks first.
引文
[1]科学技术部. 2017中国生命科学与生物技术发展报告[M].北京:科学出版社, 2017.
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[6]OECD[EB/OL].[2018-03-13]. http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/40807441.pdf.
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[8]湖南省知识产权局.战略性新兴产业专利检索手册[M].北京:知识产权出版社, 2012:246-291.
[9]温芳芳.我国专利技术转移的时间与空间分布规律研究:基于SIPO专利许可信息的计量分析[J].情报理论与实践, 2014, 37(4):32-36.
[10]波特,坎宁安.技术挖掘与专利分析[M].陈燕,译.北京:清华大学出版社, 2012.
[11]赵志耘,雷孝平.我国生物科技领域技术创新与基础研究关联分析:从专利引文分析的角度[J].情报学报,2012,31(12):1283-1289.DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2012.12.008.
[2]朱修篁,易香华,薛芳芳,等.生物医药专利分布及趋势研究[J].中国新药杂志, 2015, 24(15):1686-1693.
[3]发改委:中国科技成果转化率10%远低于发达国家[EB/OL].(2013-12-23)[2018-03-13].http://money.163.com/13/1223/10/9GPA4MTM00253B0H.html.
[4]傅俊英,赵蕴华.中国生物医药专利的分布及趋势分析[J].现代生物医学进展, 2012, 12(1):142-150.
[5]高子涵,乔婧,黄裕荣,等.北京市生物医药技术专利分析[J].天津科技, 2016, 43(2):1-3, 6. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8945.2016.02.001.
[6]OECD[EB/OL].[2018-03-13]. http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/40807441.pdf.
[7]国家发展和改革委员会高技术产业司,中国生物工程学会.中国生物产业发展报告2008[M].北京:化学工业出版社生物医药出版分社, 2009:207.
[8]湖南省知识产权局.战略性新兴产业专利检索手册[M].北京:知识产权出版社, 2012:246-291.
[9]温芳芳.我国专利技术转移的时间与空间分布规律研究:基于SIPO专利许可信息的计量分析[J].情报理论与实践, 2014, 37(4):32-36.
[10]波特,坎宁安.技术挖掘与专利分析[M].陈燕,译.北京:清华大学出版社, 2012.
[11]赵志耘,雷孝平.我国生物科技领域技术创新与基础研究关联分析:从专利引文分析的角度[J].情报学报,2012,31(12):1283-1289.DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1000-0135.2012.12.008.