混播或单播箭筈豌豆、绿麦草对水分胁迫的形态特征响应
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摘要
以一年生牧草箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)与绿麦草(Secale cereale)为研究对象,人工模拟不同水分胁迫对混播或单播牧草的影响。结果表明,水分胁迫16 d后箭筈豌豆单播的土壤含水量均显著高于其他混播处理和绿麦草单播(P <0.05);水分胁迫影响了牧草的生长发育,抑制箭筈豌豆的叶长、叶宽及绿麦草的叶宽,而对绿麦草的叶长影响不大;同时水分胁迫会促进根系的伸长生长,各处理到水分胁迫20 d时(部分处理出现干旱导致植物死亡时的阶段胁迫结束)箭筈豌豆根长均达到本次胁迫处理的最大值,其中箭筈豌豆单播处理的根长最长(37.83 cm);绿麦草根长变化规律与箭筈豌豆相似,胁迫后期JL1(箭筈豌豆25%+绿麦草75%)处理中绿麦草的根长最长,为60.5 cm,显著高于其他混播处理(P <0.05);株高和叶长、叶宽的抗旱系数值均小于1,而根长的抗旱系数均大于1,表明在土壤水分胁迫的条件下,抑制了植物地上部的生长,促进了地下部根系的伸长生长;通过隶属函数法对箭筈豌豆与绿麦草的抗旱性进行综合评价得出,单播箭筈豌豆的抗旱性最强,试验设计的3个比例混播处理较单播而言没有明显的抗旱优势。
In this study, the effects of different degrees of water stress on mixed or unicast forage grasses were simulated by using annual grazing peas and green wheatgrass, and the responses of morphological characteristics to water stress were preliminarily investigated. The results showed that after 16 days of water stress, the soil moisture content of a pea(Vicia sativa) unicast was significantly higher than those of other mixed treatments and rye(Secale cereal) unicast(P < 0.05).Water stress affected the growth and development of forage grass, inhibited the leaf length and width of pea, and inhibited the leaf width of rye, but had little effect on the leaf length of rye. Additionally, water stress promoted root elongation. The root length of peas reached a maximum at 20 days after water stress(part of the treatment was the end of stage stress when drought causes plant death), and the root length of unicast pea was the longest(37.83 cm). The change in root length in rye was similar to that in pea. The root length of rye in JL1(pea 25% + rye 75%) was 60.5 cm, which was significantly higher than those after other mixed treatments(P < 0.05). The drought resistance coefficient of the plant height and leaf length width was less than 1, and the root drought resistance coefficient was greater than 1, which inhibits plant growth aboveground, while the elongation and growth of underground roots were promoted. In this study, comprehensive evaluation of the drought resistance of pea and rye by the membership function method showed that the unicast pea has the strongest drought resistance, and the 3 proportionally mixed sowing designs exhibited no obvious drought resistance advantage when compared with the unicast.
In this study, the effects of different degrees of water stress on mixed or unicast forage grasses were simulated by using annual grazing peas and green wheatgrass, and the responses of morphological characteristics to water stress were preliminarily investigated. The results showed that after 16 days of water stress, the soil moisture content of a pea(Vicia sativa) unicast was significantly higher than those of other mixed treatments and rye(Secale cereal) unicast(P < 0.05).Water stress affected the growth and development of forage grass, inhibited the leaf length and width of pea, and inhibited the leaf width of rye, but had little effect on the leaf length of rye. Additionally, water stress promoted root elongation. The root length of peas reached a maximum at 20 days after water stress(part of the treatment was the end of stage stress when drought causes plant death), and the root length of unicast pea was the longest(37.83 cm). The change in root length in rye was similar to that in pea. The root length of rye in JL1(pea 25% + rye 75%) was 60.5 cm, which was significantly higher than those after other mixed treatments(P < 0.05). The drought resistance coefficient of the plant height and leaf length width was less than 1, and the root drought resistance coefficient was greater than 1, which inhibits plant growth aboveground, while the elongation and growth of underground roots were promoted. In this study, comprehensive evaluation of the drought resistance of pea and rye by the membership function method showed that the unicast pea has the strongest drought resistance, and the 3 proportionally mixed sowing designs exhibited no obvious drought resistance advantage when compared with the unicast.
引文
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