海藻功能物质对菜心抗旱胁迫的影响
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摘要
研究海藻功能物质海藻酸(AA)、褐藻多酚(AP)、甘露醇(AM)及甜菜碱(GB)对菜心抗旱胁迫的影响。结果发现:干旱胁迫处理明显降低菜心叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势;与正常条件相比,干旱胁迫使水溶肥处理的菜心生物量降低51.68%,而海藻肥处理的菜心生物量比水溶肥处理增加43%,可明显缓解干旱胁迫对菜心生长的抑制作用;干旱胁迫条件下,海藻肥中添加外源海藻酸、褐藻多酚、甘露醇和甜菜碱均能显著提高菜心叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量,提高SOD和POD的活性,提高菜心生物量,并以1AA、4AP、4AM和50GB处理效果最佳。干旱胁迫下,海藻功能物质对菜心增产率大小顺序为1AA>4AP>4AM>50GB,海藻酸对菜心鲜质量增长的贡献率为24.65%,褐藻多酚为12.94%,甘露醇为11.80%,甜菜碱为11.20%。
4 types of functional substances including alginate acid(AA), alginate polyphenol(AP), mannitol(AM)and betaine(GB)are employed to investigate their effects on drought resistance of flowering cabbage. The results indicate that under drought stress, relative water content and chlorophyll content of flowering cabbage leaves are reduced markedly, and the activity of SOD and POD are increased first and then decreased. In comparison to the normal condition, the biomass of flowering cabbage treated by waterunder drought stress; Meanwhile, the biomass treated with seaweed fertilizer is 143% of that with water-soluble fertilizer. The addition of exogenous alginic acid, alginic polyphenol, mannitol and betaine in seaweed fertilizer could significantly increase the relative water content, the chlorophyll content, improve the activity of SOD and POD, and increase the biomass under drought stress. The optimal addition amount of AA, AP, AM and GB are 1-fold, 4-fold, 4-fold and 50-fold respectively. At the optimum concentration, the size of yield increasing rate under drought stress is 1 AA > 4 AP > 4 AM > 50 GB, the contribution rate of them to biomass is 24.65%, 12.94%, 11.80%,11.20% respectively.
4 types of functional substances including alginate acid(AA), alginate polyphenol(AP), mannitol(AM)and betaine(GB)are employed to investigate their effects on drought resistance of flowering cabbage. The results indicate that under drought stress, relative water content and chlorophyll content of flowering cabbage leaves are reduced markedly, and the activity of SOD and POD are increased first and then decreased. In comparison to the normal condition, the biomass of flowering cabbage treated by waterunder drought stress; Meanwhile, the biomass treated with seaweed fertilizer is 143% of that with water-soluble fertilizer. The addition of exogenous alginic acid, alginic polyphenol, mannitol and betaine in seaweed fertilizer could significantly increase the relative water content, the chlorophyll content, improve the activity of SOD and POD, and increase the biomass under drought stress. The optimal addition amount of AA, AP, AM and GB are 1-fold, 4-fold, 4-fold and 50-fold respectively. At the optimum concentration, the size of yield increasing rate under drought stress is 1 AA > 4 AP > 4 AM > 50 GB, the contribution rate of them to biomass is 24.65%, 12.94%, 11.80%,11.20% respectively.
引文
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[11]HERNáNDEZ-HERRERA R M,SANTACRUZ-RUVALCABAF,RUIZ-LóPEZ M A,et al.Effect of liquid seaweed extracts on growth of tomato seedlings(Solanum lycopersicum L)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2014,26(1):619-628.
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[14]XU C,LESKOVAR D I.Effects of A.nodosum seaweed extracts on spinach growth,physiology and nutrition value under drought stress[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,183:39-47.
[15]SANTANIELLO A,SCARTAZZA A,GRESTA F,et al.Ascophyllum Nodosum Seaweed Extract Alleviates Drought Stress in Arabidopsis by Affecting Photosynthetic Performance and Related Gene Expression[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1362.
[16]ZHANG Y,YIN H,ZHAO X,et al.The promoting effects of alginate oligosaccharides on root development in Oryza sativa L.mediated by auxin signaling[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,113:446-454.
[17]KANG O L,GHANI M,HASSAN O,et al.Novel agaro-oligosaccharide production through enzymatic hydrolysis:Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities[J].Food Hydrocolloids,2014,42:304-308.
[18]LIU R Z,JIANG X L,GUAN H S,et al.Promotive effects of alginate-derived oligosaccharides on the inducing drought resistance of tomato[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2009,8(3):303-311.
[19]LI J,WANG X,LIN X,et al.Alginate-derived oligosaccharides promote water stress tolerance in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)[J].Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,2018,130:80-88.
[20]彭雍博,罗宣,汪秋宽,等.海藻多酚功能性作用机制及其应用研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(4):484-492.
[21]杨慧芹,王莎莎,张建波,等.烟草多酚代谢对干旱和低温胁迫的响应差异及其比较[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2015,34(3):645-654.
[22]徐国前,张振文,郭安鹊,等.植物多酚抗逆生态作用研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(2):423-430.
[23]ABEBE T,GUENZI A C,MARTIN B,et al.Tolerance of mannitol-accumulating transgenic wheat to water stress and salinity[J].Plant Physiology,2003,131(4):1748-1755.
[24]KAYA C,SONMEZ O,AYDEMIR S,et al.Exogenous application of mannitol and thiourea regulates plant growth and oxidative stress responses in salt-stressed maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Journal of Plant Interactions,2013,8(3):234-241.
[25]ZUBIA M,PAYRI C,DESLANDES E.Alginate,mannitol,phenolic compounds and biological activities of two rangeextending brown algae,Sargassum mangarevense and Turbinaria ornata(Phaeophyta:Fucales),from Tahiti(French Polynesia)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2008,20(6):1033-1043.
[26]杨德光,沈秀瑛,赵天宏,等.活性氧清除剂在提高玉米抗旱性中的作用[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2002,33(1):3-5.
[27]LI Y Y,LIANG G J,LI Y H,et al.Effects of Exogenous Betaine on Cold Resistance of Cucumber Seedlings[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2004,40(6):673-676.
[28]马明臻.干旱胁迫下外源甜菜碱对苹果叶片光合及相关特性的影响[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(5):113-116.
[2]KHAN W R U P,SUBRAMANIAN S,JITHESH M N,et al.Seaweed Extracts as Biostimulants of Plant Growth and Development[J].Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,2009,28(4):386-399.
[3]耿银银,尹媛红,沈宏,等.海藻功能物质的提取工艺、理化性质以及在农业领域中的应用[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(10):2951-2960.
[4]王明鹏,陈蕾,刘正一,等.混合菌群发酵马尾藻作为海藻肥料的研究[J].海洋科学,2017,41(2):117-124.
[5]袁蕊,王学江,李峰.不同提取工艺制备的海藻肥中甜菜碱含量的比较[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(21):129-130.
[6]马栋,刘海燕,单俊伟,等.海带与浒苔混合提取液对草莓生长及品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017(5):129-134.
[7]王婷婷,卞会涛,岳玉苓,等.不同提取工艺制备的海藻肥在盆栽小油菜上的肥效研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(7):48-52.
[8]CRAIGIE J S.Seaweed extract stimuli in plant science and agriculture[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2011,23(3):371-393.
[9]OOSTEN M J V,PEPE O,PASCALE S D,et al.The role of biostimulants and bioeffectors as alleviators of abiotic stress in crop plants[J].Chemical&Biological Technologies in Agriculture,2017,4(1):5.
[10]NABTI E,JHA B,HARTMANN A.Impact of seaweeds on agricultural crop production as biofertilizer[J].International Journal of Environmental Science&Technology,2016,14(5):1-16.
[11]HERNáNDEZ-HERRERA R M,SANTACRUZ-RUVALCABAF,RUIZ-LóPEZ M A,et al.Effect of liquid seaweed extracts on growth of tomato seedlings(Solanum lycopersicum L)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2014,26(1):619-628.
[12]孙锦,韩丽君,于庆文.海藻提取物对番茄抗旱性的影响及机理研究[J].西北农业学报,2006,15(1):127-134.
[13]LIU H,ZHANG Y H,YIN H,et al.Alginate oligosaccharides enhanced Triticum aestivum L.tolerance to drought stress[J].Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,2013,62:33-40.
[14]XU C,LESKOVAR D I.Effects of A.nodosum seaweed extracts on spinach growth,physiology and nutrition value under drought stress[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,183:39-47.
[15]SANTANIELLO A,SCARTAZZA A,GRESTA F,et al.Ascophyllum Nodosum Seaweed Extract Alleviates Drought Stress in Arabidopsis by Affecting Photosynthetic Performance and Related Gene Expression[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1362.
[16]ZHANG Y,YIN H,ZHAO X,et al.The promoting effects of alginate oligosaccharides on root development in Oryza sativa L.mediated by auxin signaling[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,113:446-454.
[17]KANG O L,GHANI M,HASSAN O,et al.Novel agaro-oligosaccharide production through enzymatic hydrolysis:Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities[J].Food Hydrocolloids,2014,42:304-308.
[18]LIU R Z,JIANG X L,GUAN H S,et al.Promotive effects of alginate-derived oligosaccharides on the inducing drought resistance of tomato[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2009,8(3):303-311.
[19]LI J,WANG X,LIN X,et al.Alginate-derived oligosaccharides promote water stress tolerance in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)[J].Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,2018,130:80-88.
[20]彭雍博,罗宣,汪秋宽,等.海藻多酚功能性作用机制及其应用研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(4):484-492.
[21]杨慧芹,王莎莎,张建波,等.烟草多酚代谢对干旱和低温胁迫的响应差异及其比较[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2015,34(3):645-654.
[22]徐国前,张振文,郭安鹊,等.植物多酚抗逆生态作用研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(2):423-430.
[23]ABEBE T,GUENZI A C,MARTIN B,et al.Tolerance of mannitol-accumulating transgenic wheat to water stress and salinity[J].Plant Physiology,2003,131(4):1748-1755.
[24]KAYA C,SONMEZ O,AYDEMIR S,et al.Exogenous application of mannitol and thiourea regulates plant growth and oxidative stress responses in salt-stressed maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Journal of Plant Interactions,2013,8(3):234-241.
[25]ZUBIA M,PAYRI C,DESLANDES E.Alginate,mannitol,phenolic compounds and biological activities of two rangeextending brown algae,Sargassum mangarevense and Turbinaria ornata(Phaeophyta:Fucales),from Tahiti(French Polynesia)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2008,20(6):1033-1043.
[26]杨德光,沈秀瑛,赵天宏,等.活性氧清除剂在提高玉米抗旱性中的作用[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2002,33(1):3-5.
[27]LI Y Y,LIANG G J,LI Y H,et al.Effects of Exogenous Betaine on Cold Resistance of Cucumber Seedlings[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2004,40(6):673-676.
[28]马明臻.干旱胁迫下外源甜菜碱对苹果叶片光合及相关特性的影响[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(5):113-116.