卟啉敏化TiO_2光催化降解水中有机物研究进展
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摘要
利用卟啉类化合物敏化TiO_2,使复合催化剂克服TiO_2原有的光响应局限,抑制光电子-空穴的复合、增强光催化降解性能已成为研究热点。介绍了卟啉类衍生物对TiO_2的敏化机理,综述了卟啉敏化TiO_2在降解有机物领域的最新研究进展,总结了影响敏化效果的几种主要因素。指出未来卟啉敏化TiO_2光降解催化剂发展的研究重点是通过加强卟啉类敏化剂与TiO_2的相互作用,尤其是键合作用,制备出性能稳定、价格低廉的催化剂。
Porphyrins are used to help composite catalysts to overcome the original photoresponsive limitations of TiO_2,suppress recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and improve the photocatalytic degradation performance,which has become a hot topic.This paper presents a comprehensive introduction of the mechanism of sensitization of TiO_2 by porphyrin derivatives,the latest research progress in organic degradation by porphyrin sensitized TiO_2,and several main factors affecting the photocatalytic performance of porphyrin sensitized TiO_2.Finally,it is pointed out that the research on future development of the photolysis catalyst(porphyrin-sensitized TiO_2)should be focused on the preparation of stable and low-cost catalysts by strengthening the interaction of porphyrin-based sensitizers with TiO_2,especially the bonding effects.
Porphyrins are used to help composite catalysts to overcome the original photoresponsive limitations of TiO_2,suppress recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and improve the photocatalytic degradation performance,which has become a hot topic.This paper presents a comprehensive introduction of the mechanism of sensitization of TiO_2 by porphyrin derivatives,the latest research progress in organic degradation by porphyrin sensitized TiO_2,and several main factors affecting the photocatalytic performance of porphyrin sensitized TiO_2.Finally,it is pointed out that the research on future development of the photolysis catalyst(porphyrin-sensitized TiO_2)should be focused on the preparation of stable and low-cost catalysts by strengthening the interaction of porphyrin-based sensitizers with TiO_2,especially the bonding effects.
引文
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[23]Kavitha V,Ramesh P S,Geetha D.Synthesis of Cu loaded Ti O2 nanoparticles for the improved photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B[J].Int J Nanosci,2016,15:1660002-1660009.
[24]Kar P,Maji T K,Sarkar P K,et al.Development of a photocatalytic converter for potential use in the detoxification of Cr(Ⅵ)metal in water from natural resources[J].J Mater Chem A,2018,6(1):3674-3683.
[25]季民,金洛楠,安鼎年.Ti O2光催化降解水中天然有机物富里酸的动力学模型[J].化工学报,2005,56(6):1009-1014.
[26]Zhang Wei,Wang Chen,Liu Xiao,et al.Enhanced photocatalytic activity in porphyrin-sensitized Ti O2 nanorods[J].J Mater Res,2017,32(14):2773-2780.
[27]Afzal S,Daoud W A,Langford S J.Self-cleaning cotton by porphyrin-sensitized visible-light photocatalysis[J].J Mater Chem,2012,22(9):4083-4088.
[28]Chen Shaorui,Shen Fengjuan.Novel substituted porphyrins:Synthesis,characterization and photocatalytic activity of their Ti O2-based composites[J].J Incln Phenom Macro Chem,2017,88(3/4):229-238.
[29]Wei Meng,Wan Junmin,Hu Zhiwen,et al.Photoinduced interfacial charge transfer and photocatalytic behavior of Ti O2nanotubes sensitized by copper(Ⅱ)meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin[J].J Mater Sci,2016,27(4):4026-4034.
[30]Benk?G,Hilgendorff M,Yartsev A P,et al.Electron injection and recombination in fluorescein 27-sensitized Ti O2 thin films[J].J Phys Chem B,2001,105(5):967-974.
[31]Weng Yuxiang,Wang Yongqiang,Asbury J B,et al.Back electron transfer from Ti O2 nanoparticles to FeⅢ(CN)63-:Origin of non-single-exponential and particle size independent dynamics[J].J Phys Chem B,2000,104(1):93-104.
[32]Imahori H,Hayashi S,Hayashi H,et al.Effects of porphyrin substituents and adsorption conditions on photovoltaic properties of porphyrin-sensitized Ti O2 cells[J].J Phys Chem C,2009,113(42):18406-18413.
[33]Granados-Oliveros G,Ortega F M,Paez-Mozo E,et al.Photoactivity of metal-phenylporphyrins adsorbed on Ti O2 under visible light radiation:Influence of central metal[J].J Am Chem Soc,2010,89(19):15-22.
[34]Tachibana Y,Moser J E,Gr?tzel M,et al.Subpicosecond interfacial charge separation in dye-sensitized nanocrystalline titanium dioxide films[J].J Phys Chem,1996,100(51):20056-20062.
[35]Campbell W M,Burrell A K,Officer D L,et al.Porphyrins as light harvesters in the dye-sensitised Ti O2 solar cell[J].Coordin Chem Rev,2004,248(13/14):1363-1379.
[36]Nazeeruddin M K,Zakeeruddin S M,Humphry-Baker R,et al.Acid-base equilibria of(2,2’-bipyridyl-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid)ruthenium(Ⅱ)complexes and the effect of protonation on charge-transfer sensitization of nanocrystalline titania[J].Inorg Chem,1999,38(26):6298.
[37]LüXiangfei,Sun Wenjuan,Li Jun,et al.Spectroscopic investigations on the simulated solar light induced photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol by using three novel copper(Ⅱ)porphyrin-Ti O2 photocatalysts[J].Spectrochim Acta,Part A,2013,111(7):161.
[38]Arnold D P,Blok J.The coordination chemistry of tin porphyrin complexes[J].Coord Chem Rev,2004,248(3/4):299-319.
[39]Gokakakar S D,Salker A V.Solar assisted photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over synthesized copper,silver and tin metalloporphyrins[J].Indian J Chem Technol,2009,16(6):492-498.
[40]Zhou Xiantai,Ji Hongbin,Huang Xingjiao.Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over metalloporphyrins supported on Ti O2 degussa P25[J].Molecules,2012,17(2):1149-1158.
[41]Granados-Oliveros G,Ortega F M,Paez-Mozo E,et al.Photoactivity of metal-phenylporphyrins adsorbed on Ti O2 under visible light radiation:Influence of central metal[J].J Am Chem Soc,2010,89(19):15-22.
[42]曹梅娟,于艳敏,付海燕,等.取代基及中心金属离子对卟啉电子结构及催化活性的影响[J].化工学报,2013,64(s1):88-97.
[43]Huang Cheng,LüYing,Zhou Qin,et al.Visible photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical behavior of Ti O2nanoparticles modified with metal porphyrins containing hydroxyl group[J].Ceram Int,2014,40(5):7093-7098.
[44]虎保成,李珺.金属卟啉敏化Ti O2光催化剂对水中有机物的光降解活性[J].陕西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2015(1):56-60.
[2]Masahiro Miyauchi,Akira Nakajima,Toshiya Watanabe A,et al.Photoinduced hydrophilic conversion of Ti O2/WO3 layered thin films[J].Chem Mater,2002,14(11):4714-4720.
[3]Shang Lu,Li Bingjie,Dong Wenjun,et al.Heteronanostructure of Ag particle on titanate nanowire membrane with enhanced photocatalytic properties and bactericidal activities[J].J Hazard Mater,2010,178(1):1109-1114.
[4]Wen Yanyuan,Ding Hanming,Shan Yongkui.Preparation and visible light photocatalytic activity of Ag/Ti O2/graphene nanocomposite[J].Nanoscale,2011,3(10):4411-4417.
[5]Ni Meng,Leung M K H,Leung D Y C,et al.A review and recent developments in photocatalytic water-splitting using Ti O2for hydrogen production[J].Renew Sust Energy Rev,2007,11(3):401-425.
[6]Hodos M,Horváth E,Haspel H,et al.Photosensitization of ion-exchangeable titanate nanotubes by Cd S nanoparticles[J].Chem Phys Lett,2004,399(4/6):512-515.
[7]Zhang Jing,Zhang Li,Li Xiangqing,et al.Visible light photocatalytic activity of porphyrin tin(Ⅳ)sensitized Ti O2 nanoparticles for the degradation of 4-nitrophenol and methyl orange[J].J Disper Sci Technol,2011,32(7):943-947.
[8]Guo Zengcai,Chen Bin,Mu Jingbo,et al.Iron phthalocyanine/Ti O2 nanofiber heterostructures with enhanced visible photocatalytic activity assisted with H2O2[J].J Hazard Mater,2012,219:156-163.
[9]Palmas S,Da Pozzo A,Mascia M,et al.Sensitization of Ti O2 nanostructures with coumarin 343[J].Chem Eng J,2012,211:285-292.
[10]Duan M,Li Jun,Mele G,et al.Photocatalytic activity of novel tin porphyrin/Ti O2 based composites[J].J Phys Chem C,2010,114(17):7857-7862.
[11]Mele G,Sole R D,Vasapollo G,et al.Ti O2-based photocatalysts impregnated with metallo-porphyrins employed for degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous solutions:Role of metal and macrocycle[J].Res Chem Intermed,2007,33(3/5):433-448.
[12]郏青峰.卟啉类试剂的应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014:73-106.
[13]Huang Biao.Preparation of photo-catalytic Ti O2 by supercritical ethanol(Ⅰ)synthesis and photocatalysis[J].J Chem Ind Eng,2003,54(9):1315-1318.
[14]孙丽萍,高山,赵辉,等.纳米二氧化钛的晶型转变及光催化性能研究[J].功能材料,2004,35(5):632-634.
[15]Ding Z,Lu G Q,Greenfield P F.Role of the crystallite phase of Ti O2 in heterogeneous photocatalysis for phenol oxidation in water[J].J Phys Chem B,2000,104(19):4815-4820.
[16]Coronado J M,Maira A J,Conesa J C,et al.EPR study of the surface characteristics of nanostructured Ti O2 under UV irradiation[J].Langmuir,2001,17(17):5368-5374.
[17]王晨.卟啉和金属卟啉的设计合成及其作为光敏化剂敏化Ti O2的研究[D].西安:西北大学,2009.
[18]Oyama T,Aoshima A,Horikoshi S,et al.Solar photocatalysis,photodegradation of a commercial detergent in aqueous Ti O2 dispersions under sunlight irradiation[J].Sol Energy,2004,77(5):525-532.
[19]Chen Feng,Deng Zhigang,Li Xiaopei,et al.Visible light detoxification by 2,9,16,23-tetracarboxyl phthalocyanine copper modified amorphous titania[J].Chem Phys Lett,2005,415(1):85-88.
[20]Ranjit K T,Willner I,Bossmann S,et al.Iron(Ⅲ)phthalocyanine-modified titanium dioxide:A novel photocatalyst for the enhanced photodegradation of organic pollutants[J].J Phys Chem B,1998,102(47):9397-9403.
[21]Anpo M,Kubokawa Y,Fujii T,et al.Quantum chemical and molecular oxygen-18 tracer studies of the activation of oxygen in photocatalytic oxidation reactions[J].J Phys Chem,1984,88(12):2572-2575.
[22]La D D,Rananaware A,Hoai P N T,et al.Fabrication of a Ti O2@porphyrin nanofiber hybrid material:A highly efficient photocatalyst under simulated sunlight irradiation[J].Adv Nat Sci,2017,8(1):15009.
[23]Kavitha V,Ramesh P S,Geetha D.Synthesis of Cu loaded Ti O2 nanoparticles for the improved photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B[J].Int J Nanosci,2016,15:1660002-1660009.
[24]Kar P,Maji T K,Sarkar P K,et al.Development of a photocatalytic converter for potential use in the detoxification of Cr(Ⅵ)metal in water from natural resources[J].J Mater Chem A,2018,6(1):3674-3683.
[25]季民,金洛楠,安鼎年.Ti O2光催化降解水中天然有机物富里酸的动力学模型[J].化工学报,2005,56(6):1009-1014.
[26]Zhang Wei,Wang Chen,Liu Xiao,et al.Enhanced photocatalytic activity in porphyrin-sensitized Ti O2 nanorods[J].J Mater Res,2017,32(14):2773-2780.
[27]Afzal S,Daoud W A,Langford S J.Self-cleaning cotton by porphyrin-sensitized visible-light photocatalysis[J].J Mater Chem,2012,22(9):4083-4088.
[28]Chen Shaorui,Shen Fengjuan.Novel substituted porphyrins:Synthesis,characterization and photocatalytic activity of their Ti O2-based composites[J].J Incln Phenom Macro Chem,2017,88(3/4):229-238.
[29]Wei Meng,Wan Junmin,Hu Zhiwen,et al.Photoinduced interfacial charge transfer and photocatalytic behavior of Ti O2nanotubes sensitized by copper(Ⅱ)meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin[J].J Mater Sci,2016,27(4):4026-4034.
[30]Benk?G,Hilgendorff M,Yartsev A P,et al.Electron injection and recombination in fluorescein 27-sensitized Ti O2 thin films[J].J Phys Chem B,2001,105(5):967-974.
[31]Weng Yuxiang,Wang Yongqiang,Asbury J B,et al.Back electron transfer from Ti O2 nanoparticles to FeⅢ(CN)63-:Origin of non-single-exponential and particle size independent dynamics[J].J Phys Chem B,2000,104(1):93-104.
[32]Imahori H,Hayashi S,Hayashi H,et al.Effects of porphyrin substituents and adsorption conditions on photovoltaic properties of porphyrin-sensitized Ti O2 cells[J].J Phys Chem C,2009,113(42):18406-18413.
[33]Granados-Oliveros G,Ortega F M,Paez-Mozo E,et al.Photoactivity of metal-phenylporphyrins adsorbed on Ti O2 under visible light radiation:Influence of central metal[J].J Am Chem Soc,2010,89(19):15-22.
[34]Tachibana Y,Moser J E,Gr?tzel M,et al.Subpicosecond interfacial charge separation in dye-sensitized nanocrystalline titanium dioxide films[J].J Phys Chem,1996,100(51):20056-20062.
[35]Campbell W M,Burrell A K,Officer D L,et al.Porphyrins as light harvesters in the dye-sensitised Ti O2 solar cell[J].Coordin Chem Rev,2004,248(13/14):1363-1379.
[36]Nazeeruddin M K,Zakeeruddin S M,Humphry-Baker R,et al.Acid-base equilibria of(2,2’-bipyridyl-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid)ruthenium(Ⅱ)complexes and the effect of protonation on charge-transfer sensitization of nanocrystalline titania[J].Inorg Chem,1999,38(26):6298.
[37]LüXiangfei,Sun Wenjuan,Li Jun,et al.Spectroscopic investigations on the simulated solar light induced photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol by using three novel copper(Ⅱ)porphyrin-Ti O2 photocatalysts[J].Spectrochim Acta,Part A,2013,111(7):161.
[38]Arnold D P,Blok J.The coordination chemistry of tin porphyrin complexes[J].Coord Chem Rev,2004,248(3/4):299-319.
[39]Gokakakar S D,Salker A V.Solar assisted photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over synthesized copper,silver and tin metalloporphyrins[J].Indian J Chem Technol,2009,16(6):492-498.
[40]Zhou Xiantai,Ji Hongbin,Huang Xingjiao.Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over metalloporphyrins supported on Ti O2 degussa P25[J].Molecules,2012,17(2):1149-1158.
[41]Granados-Oliveros G,Ortega F M,Paez-Mozo E,et al.Photoactivity of metal-phenylporphyrins adsorbed on Ti O2 under visible light radiation:Influence of central metal[J].J Am Chem Soc,2010,89(19):15-22.
[42]曹梅娟,于艳敏,付海燕,等.取代基及中心金属离子对卟啉电子结构及催化活性的影响[J].化工学报,2013,64(s1):88-97.
[43]Huang Cheng,LüYing,Zhou Qin,et al.Visible photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical behavior of Ti O2nanoparticles modified with metal porphyrins containing hydroxyl group[J].Ceram Int,2014,40(5):7093-7098.
[44]虎保成,李珺.金属卟啉敏化Ti O2光催化剂对水中有机物的光降解活性[J].陕西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2015(1):56-60.