新疆某铜钴矿工艺矿物学研究
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摘要
新疆卡拉盖雷铜钴矿石选矿过程中铜钴不易分离,且铜精矿和钴精矿中砷的含量容易超标。采用多种分析检测手段对该矿进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究。查明矿石中有价元素主要是铜和钴,含量分别为0.84%和0.10%,有害元素砷的含量为0.48%。矿石中铜、钴的氧化率很低,分别为2.38%和0.99%。黄铜矿是矿石中主要的铜矿物,嵌布粒度极不均匀,主要呈细粒产出,分布率为53.45%;其次呈粗、中粒产出,分布率为41.17%;呈微粒产出的黄铜矿分布率为5.38%。矿石中的钴主要以类质同象形式赋存在毒砂、钴毒砂、铁硫砷钴矿、辉砷钴矿系列矿物中,因此在选矿过程中钴和砷的走向相同而难以分离。由于铜钴矿物密切共生,导致铜精矿中砷的含量也易偏高。根据矿石工艺特性,该矿石适宜采用分段磨矿分段选别工艺逐步分离回收铜钴矿物,同时达到抑制铜精矿中砷含量的目的。
Benification of copper and cobalt of the Kalagailei copper-cobalt ore from Xinjiang is difficult to achieve,and arsenic content in the copper concentrate and cobalt concentrate would exceed the national standard. A systematical process mineralogy study is carried out on this ore using a variety of means. The results show that the ore contains 0. 84% of copper,0. 10% of cobalt,and 0. 48% of harmful arsenic. The oxidation rate of copper and cobalt is very low,which is 2. 38% and 0. 99% respectively. Chalcopyrite is the main copper mineral and particle size unevenly distributed. Chalcopyrite mainly output as fine fractions,the distribution rate is 53. 45%; secondly as coarse and medium fractions,the distribution rate is 41. 17%,as particle distribution of the chalcopyrite is 5. 38%.Cobalt mainly exist in arsenopyrites,danaite,glaucodot and cabaltine as isomorphous substitution. Therefor Co and As cant not be separated in the process of mineral processing. Because of the close symbiosis of copper and cobalt minerals,the content of As in the copper concentrate is so easy to be out of the standard. According to the technical characteristics of the ore,stage grinding and subsection selection processing to gradually separate the copper and cobalt minerals is suitable for the ore.
Benification of copper and cobalt of the Kalagailei copper-cobalt ore from Xinjiang is difficult to achieve,and arsenic content in the copper concentrate and cobalt concentrate would exceed the national standard. A systematical process mineralogy study is carried out on this ore using a variety of means. The results show that the ore contains 0. 84% of copper,0. 10% of cobalt,and 0. 48% of harmful arsenic. The oxidation rate of copper and cobalt is very low,which is 2. 38% and 0. 99% respectively. Chalcopyrite is the main copper mineral and particle size unevenly distributed. Chalcopyrite mainly output as fine fractions,the distribution rate is 53. 45%; secondly as coarse and medium fractions,the distribution rate is 41. 17%,as particle distribution of the chalcopyrite is 5. 38%.Cobalt mainly exist in arsenopyrites,danaite,glaucodot and cabaltine as isomorphous substitution. Therefor Co and As cant not be separated in the process of mineral processing. Because of the close symbiosis of copper and cobalt minerals,the content of As in the copper concentrate is so easy to be out of the standard. According to the technical characteristics of the ore,stage grinding and subsection selection processing to gradually separate the copper and cobalt minerals is suitable for the ore.
引文
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[3]王团华,于宏东.阿富汗卢格尔省某铜矿石工艺矿物学研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2012(1):8-13.
[4]王玲,王明燕.某铜矿山老尾矿中铜的赋存状态研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2012(6):1-4,15.
[5]于宏东.西藏玉龙氧化铜矿工艺矿物学研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2013(1):1-6.
[6]卢静文,彭晓蕾.金属矿物显微镜鉴定手册[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:15-18.
[7]周乐光.工艺矿物学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013:177-179.
[8]《选矿手册》编委会.选矿手册(第一卷)[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1991:316-320.
[9]北京矿冶研究总院.化学物相分析[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1976:1-5.