东天山卡拉塔格金岭—黄滩金铜矿床的发现及其意义
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摘要
东天山卡拉塔格地区发育了典型的古弧盆体系,为查明新发现金岭-黄滩金铜矿床的成因类型,开展了系统的岩相学研究。金岭-黄滩矿床的铜锌矿体受凝灰岩层位控制,以黄铁绢英岩化为特色,显示低阻高极化的地球物理特征,而金矿体受断裂构造控制,呈局部富集,以硅化为特色,具有相对高阻高极化特征。其成矿过程可分为VMS成矿期(包含黄铁矿、黄铜矿-闪锌矿阶段)、热液叠加期(包含石英-硫化物)和表生期。金岭-黄滩矿床成因类型为典型的喷流沉积-热液叠加成矿,即早古生代海底火山喷流沉积作用形成的铜锌矿化,叠加了后期岩浆热液作用形成的金矿化;这一新的成矿类型丰富了卡拉塔格矿集区成矿作用,扩展了进步一步找矿思路和空间。
A typical paleo-arc basin system was developed in Karatag area of the East Tianshan Mountains. A systematic petrographic study was carried out,in order to identify genetic types of newly discovered Au-Cu deposit locating in Jinling-Huangtan. The Cu-Zn ore body of the Jinling-Huangtan deposit is controlled by tuff horizon,characterized by yellow iron shale lithology with geophysical characteristics of low-resistance and high polarization. While the Au orebody is controlled by fault structure and locally enriched,with quartz alteration and characterized by geophysical signature of high resistivity and high polarization. The mineralization process of Jinling-Huangtan Au-Cu deposit can be divided into VMS,hydrothermal overprinting and supergene mineralization periods. Among them,the VMS period can be further more divided into pyrite and chalcopyrite-sphalerite stages. In this contribution,we proposed that the Jinling-Huangtan deposit could be classified as superimposed mineralization,namely,Early Paleozoic volcanic exhalation sedimentation associated with massive Cu-Zn mineralization,which superimposed by Au mineralization related to magmatic hydrothermalism.
A typical paleo-arc basin system was developed in Karatag area of the East Tianshan Mountains. A systematic petrographic study was carried out,in order to identify genetic types of newly discovered Au-Cu deposit locating in Jinling-Huangtan. The Cu-Zn ore body of the Jinling-Huangtan deposit is controlled by tuff horizon,characterized by yellow iron shale lithology with geophysical characteristics of low-resistance and high polarization. While the Au orebody is controlled by fault structure and locally enriched,with quartz alteration and characterized by geophysical signature of high resistivity and high polarization. The mineralization process of Jinling-Huangtan Au-Cu deposit can be divided into VMS,hydrothermal overprinting and supergene mineralization periods. Among them,the VMS period can be further more divided into pyrite and chalcopyrite-sphalerite stages. In this contribution,we proposed that the Jinling-Huangtan deposit could be classified as superimposed mineralization,namely,Early Paleozoic volcanic exhalation sedimentation associated with massive Cu-Zn mineralization,which superimposed by Au mineralization related to magmatic hydrothermalism.
引文
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Deng X H,Chen Y J,Santosh M,Wang J B,Li C,Yue S W,Zheng Z,Chen H J,Tang H S,Dong L H,Qu X.2017a.U-Pb zircon,ReOs molybdenite geochronology and Rb-Sr geochemistry from the Xiaobaishitou W(-Mo)deposit:implications for Triassic tectonic setting in eastern Tianshan,NW China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,80:332-351.
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Huang J H,Chen H Y,Han J S,Deng X H,Lu W J,Zhu R L.2017.Alteration zonation and short wavelength infrared(SWIR)characteristics of the Honghai VMS Cu-Zn deposit,Eastern Tianshan,NWChina[J].Ore Geology Reviews,10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.02.037.
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Li J Y,Wang K Z,Li W Q,Guo H C,Song B,Wang Y,Mo S G,Zhao Z R,Zhu Z X,Pan C Z.2002.Tectonic evolution since the late Paleozoic and mineral prospecting in Eastern Tianshan mountains NWChina[J].Xinjiang Geology,20:295-301(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li W Q,Wang R,Wang H,Xia B.2006.Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Kalatag intrusion in the“Tuha window”[J].Geology in China,33(3):559-565(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Y P.1998.Geochemistry of Dulong Superlarge Tin-zinc-polymetallic Deposit,Yunnan[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,17:22-24(in Chinese with English abstract).
Long L L,Wang J B,Wang Y W,Fang T H,Mao Q G,Gao Y H,Zhao L T,Gao L M.2017.Zircon U-Pb geochronological,geochemical characteristics and potential mineralization significance of the rhyolite in Kalatage copper polymetallic ore cluster area,eastern Tianshan[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,33:367-384(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao J W,Yang J M,Han C M,Wang Z L.2012.Metallogenic Systems of Polymetall ic Copper and Gold Deposits and Related Metallogenic Geodynamic Model in Eastern Tianshan,Xinjiang[J].Earth Science,27:413-424(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao Y J,Qin K Z,Barnes S J,Tang D M,Xue S C,Le Vaillant M.2017.Genesis of the Huangshannan high-Ni tenor magmatic sulfide deposit in the Eastern Tianshan,northwest China:Constraints from PGE geochemistry and Os-S isotopes[J].Ore Geology Reviews,90:591-606.
Qin K Z,Fang T H,Wang S L,Wang X D.2001.Discovery of the Kalatage Cu-Au mineralized district and its prospecting potentiality,in the Paleozoic uplift at the south margin of the Tu-Ha Basin[J].Geology in China,28:16-23(in Chinese).
Ran L,Liu Z T,Yang Z A,Fang T H,Mao Q G.2010.Analysis of structural image characteristics in the Kalataga area,eastern Xinjiang[J].Geology and Exploration,46:1099-1105(in Chinese with English abstract).
Shen P,Pan H D,Zhou T F,Wang J B.2014.Petrography,geochemistry and geochronology of the host porphyries and associated alteration at the Tuwu Cu deposit,NW China:a case for increased depositional efficiency by reaction with mafic hostrock?[J].Mineralium Deposita,49:709-731.
Sun X H,Luan Y,Tang H S,Tan X J.2018.Petrogenesis of rhyolite at Kalatage in the Eastern Tianshan,Northwest China:Evidences from geochemistry,zircon U-Pb geochronology,and Hf isotopes[J].Geological Journal,doi:10.1002/gj.3175.
Sun Y,Wang J B,Li Y C,Wang Y W,Yu M J,Long L L,LV X Q,Chen L.2017.Recognition of Late Ordovician Yudai porphyry Cu(Au,Mo)mineralization in the Kalatag district,Eastern Tianshan terrane,NW China:Constraints from geology,geochronology,and petrology[J].Ore Geology Reviews,http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.07.011.
Tang J H,Gu L X,Zheng Y C,Fang T H,Zhang Z Z,Gao J H,Wang F T,Wang C S,Zhang G H.2006.Petrology,geochemistry and genesis of the Na-rich volcanic rocks of the Kalatag area,eastern Tianshan[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,22:1150-1166(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tu G Z.1975.Superimposition and reformation:A neglected ore forming process[J].Information of Geoscience and Technology of Hunan Province,76-83(in Chinese).
Wang J B,Wang Y W,He Z J.2006.Ore deposits as a guide to the tectonic evolution in the East Tianshan Mountains,NW China[J].Geology in China,33:461-469(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Y H,Xue C J,Zhang F F,Liu J J,Gao J B,Qi T J.2015.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology,geochemistry and H-O-Si-S-Pb isotope systematics of the Kanggur gold deposit in Eastern Tianshan,NW China:Implication for ore genesis[J].Ore Geology Reviews,68:1-13.
Wang Y H,Zhang F F,Liu J J.2016.The genesis of the ores and intrusions at the Yuhai Cu-Mo deposit in eastern Tianshan,NW China:Constraints from geology,geochronology,geochemistry,and Hf isotope systematics[J].Ore Geology Reviews,77:312-331.
Wang Y F,Chen H Y,Han J S,Chen S B,Huang B Q,Li C,Tian QL,Wang C,Wu J X,Chen M X.2018.Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Dananhu-Tousuquan island arc belt,Eastern Tianshan:Constraints from the magmatism of the Yuhai porphyry Cu deposit,Xinjiang,NW China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,153:282-306.
Xiao B,Chen H Y,Hollings P,Han J S,Wang Y F,Yang J T,Cai KD.2017.Magmatic Evolution of the Tuwu-Yandong Porphyry Cu Belt,NW China:Constraints from Geochronology,Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes[J].Gondwana Research,43:74-91.
Xiao W J,Zhang L C,Qin K Z,Sun S,Li J L.2004.Paleozoic accretionary and collisional tectonics of the Eastern Tianshan(China):Implications for the continental growth of Central Asia[J].American Journal of Science,304:370-395.
Zhai Y S,Wang J P,Peng R M,Liu J J.2009.Research on superimposed metallogenic systems and polygenetic mineral deposits[J].Earth Science Frontiers,16:282-290(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang L C,Qin K Z,Ying J F,Xia B,Shu J S.2004.The relationship between ore-forming processes and adakitic rock in Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper metallogenic belt,eastern Tianshan mountains[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,20:259-268(in Chinese with English abstract).
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