《启蒙辩证法》对虚无主义的反思批判
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摘要
《启蒙辩证法》对虚无主义的反思有两个重要的推进,一是把虚无主义的反思核心从崇高价值的虚无化进一步聚焦于基本价值的虚无化;二是沿着尼采关于虚无主义起源于苏格拉底理性文化、柏拉图主义的思路,更进一步地把虚无主义与荷马史诗关联起来。对个性、自然的否定是导向虚无主义的重要一环,特别是导向底线道德突破的重要一环;信仰对知识的依赖是理性主义文化的必然结果,科学主义对艺术的蚕食以致文化工业体系对艺术再一次的粗暴践踏导致了更严峻的虚无主义。这种虚无主义在法西斯主义和当代消费文化中获得了进一步的展现。
Nihilism in Dialectic of Enlightenment has made important progress on two points. The author's reflection of nihilism went forward from nothingness of lofty values to that of basic values.Following Nietzsche's thoughts that nihilism originated from Socrates ' rational culture and Platonism,the author associated nihilism with Homer's epic. The negation of individuality and nature took a key step towards nihilism, and especially broke through the baseline of morality. Encroachment of scientism and trampling of cultural industrial system on art have brought more severe nihilism.This nihilism has been further demonstrated in fascism and contemporary consumer culture. The dependence of faith on knowledge is an inevitable consequence of rationalist culture.
Nihilism in Dialectic of Enlightenment has made important progress on two points. The author's reflection of nihilism went forward from nothingness of lofty values to that of basic values.Following Nietzsche's thoughts that nihilism originated from Socrates ' rational culture and Platonism,the author associated nihilism with Homer's epic. The negation of individuality and nature took a key step towards nihilism, and especially broke through the baseline of morality. Encroachment of scientism and trampling of cultural industrial system on art have brought more severe nihilism.This nihilism has been further demonstrated in fascism and contemporary consumer culture. The dependence of faith on knowledge is an inevitable consequence of rationalist culture.
引文
[1]陀思妥耶夫斯基.卡拉马佐夫兄弟.耿济之译.北京:人民文学出版社,1981.
[2]尼采.道德的谱系.梁锡江译.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2015.
[3] Theodor W. Adorno. Minima Moralia. Suhrkamp Verlag:Frankfurt am Main, 2003.
[4]汤云.虚无主义与道德的建构性.世界哲学,2012,(5).
[5]黛博拉·库克.阿多诺:关键概念.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2017.
[6]列奥·施特劳斯.古典政治理性主义的重生.郭振华等译.北京:华夏出版社,2011.
[7]刘森林.极致的启蒙还是合理的启蒙——《启蒙辩证法》展示的两种启蒙观.马克思主义与现实,2018,(1).
[8]霍克海默,阿多诺.启蒙辩证法.渠敬东,曹卫东译.上海:上海人民出版社,2003.
[9]霍克海默,阿多诺.启蒙辩证法.林宏涛译.台北:商周出版社,2008.
[10]荷马.奥德赛.陈中梅译.南京:译林出版社,2003.
[11] Max Horkheim, Theodor W. Adorno. Dialektik der Aufklaerung und schriften 1940-1950. Fischer Verlag:Frankfurt am Main, 1987.
[12]罗素.中国问题.秦悦译.上海:学林出版社,1996.
[13]马克思恩格斯选集:第3卷.北京:人民出版社,2012.
[14]里夫希茨.马克思论艺术和社会理想.北京:人民文学出版社,1983.
[2]尼采.道德的谱系.梁锡江译.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2015.
[3] Theodor W. Adorno. Minima Moralia. Suhrkamp Verlag:Frankfurt am Main, 2003.
[4]汤云.虚无主义与道德的建构性.世界哲学,2012,(5).
[5]黛博拉·库克.阿多诺:关键概念.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2017.
[6]列奥·施特劳斯.古典政治理性主义的重生.郭振华等译.北京:华夏出版社,2011.
[7]刘森林.极致的启蒙还是合理的启蒙——《启蒙辩证法》展示的两种启蒙观.马克思主义与现实,2018,(1).
[8]霍克海默,阿多诺.启蒙辩证法.渠敬东,曹卫东译.上海:上海人民出版社,2003.
[9]霍克海默,阿多诺.启蒙辩证法.林宏涛译.台北:商周出版社,2008.
[10]荷马.奥德赛.陈中梅译.南京:译林出版社,2003.
[11] Max Horkheim, Theodor W. Adorno. Dialektik der Aufklaerung und schriften 1940-1950. Fischer Verlag:Frankfurt am Main, 1987.
[12]罗素.中国问题.秦悦译.上海:学林出版社,1996.
[13]马克思恩格斯选集:第3卷.北京:人民出版社,2012.
[14]里夫希茨.马克思论艺术和社会理想.北京:人民文学出版社,1983.