RS3型芭蕉芋抗性淀粉的减肥降脂作用及急性毒性分析
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摘要
目的:评价芭蕉芋RS3型抗性淀粉对肥胖型高脂血症小鼠的减肥降脂作用,并进行安全性评价。方法:KKAy小鼠高脂饲料喂养20周,建立肥胖型高脂血症模型,随机分为模型组,辛伐他汀组(4 mg·kg~(-1)),RS3抗性淀粉高、低剂量组(2,1 g·kg~(-1)),并以维持饲料喂养的小鼠为正常组。给药组分别灌胃相应药物,正常组及模型组给予等量去离子水。8周后,处死小鼠,检测血清中总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)的含量,精密称量脂肪质量,计算脂/体比、体脂率及Lee's指数,伊红-苏木素(HE)染色观察肝脏及脂肪组织的病理学变化;采用限量法评价RS3抗性淀粉的安全性,连续观察14 d,记录小鼠毒副反应情况。结果:RS3抗性淀粉高剂量能显著降低小鼠体质量、脂肪质量、体脂率、脂/体比、Lee's指数,以及血清中TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT水平(P <0. 05)。组织形态学检测显示,给予RS3抗性淀粉可以明显改善肝脏组织的脂肪病变情况,保肝作用明显,可以抑制脂肪细胞膨大,降低小鼠脂肪累积,以高剂量为优;急毒实验小鼠按36 g·kg~(-1)剂量给药后,动物未出现中毒反应及死亡。结论:RS3型芭蕉芋抗性淀粉具有良好的减肥降脂作用,且以高剂量组为佳,最大给药量证明无毒副作用,临床常用剂量安全可靠。
Objective: To evaluate effect of Canna edulis type 3 resistant starch(RS3) on weight loss and lipid reduction in obese hyperlipidemia mice and acute toxicity in mice. Method: KKAy mice were fed with high-fat diet for 20 weeks to establish a hyperlipidemia model and then randomly divided into model group,positive group(4 mg·kg~(-1)),high-dose resistant starch group and low-dose resistant starch group(2,1 g·kg~(-1)). Mice in normal group were fed with standard diet. The medication groups received corresponding drugs by gavage. Normal group and high-fat model group were given equal volume of deionized water. After 8 weeks,mice were put to death. The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in serum of mice were measured,and weigh fat mass,fat/body ratio,body fat rate and Lee's index were calculated accurately. The pathological changes of liver and adipose tissue were observed byhematoxylin-eosin(HE). The acute toxicity of RS3 to mice was evaluated by limit test. The mice were continuously observed for 14 days,and the toxicity of mice was recorded. Result: The indicators of high-dose RS3 group were significantly reduced,such as body weight,fat mass,body fat rate,fat/body ratio,Lee's index,and serum TC,TG,LDLC,AST,ALT levels(P < 0. 05). Histomorphometric examination showed that the administration of RS3 starch could significantly improve the fatty lesions of liver tissue,and the liver-protecting effect was obvious,which could still inhibit the expansion of fat cells and reduce the accumulation of fat in mice. Among them,the high-dose group wsa better; After the maximum dose of 36 g·kg~(-1) was administered,no toxic reaction and death occurred in the animals. Conclusion: RS3-type Canna Edulis Resistant Starch has a good effect in reducing body weight and serum lipid,with a better effect in the high-dose group and no toxicity. And the commonly used clinical dose is safe and reliable.
Objective: To evaluate effect of Canna edulis type 3 resistant starch(RS3) on weight loss and lipid reduction in obese hyperlipidemia mice and acute toxicity in mice. Method: KKAy mice were fed with high-fat diet for 20 weeks to establish a hyperlipidemia model and then randomly divided into model group,positive group(4 mg·kg~(-1)),high-dose resistant starch group and low-dose resistant starch group(2,1 g·kg~(-1)). Mice in normal group were fed with standard diet. The medication groups received corresponding drugs by gavage. Normal group and high-fat model group were given equal volume of deionized water. After 8 weeks,mice were put to death. The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in serum of mice were measured,and weigh fat mass,fat/body ratio,body fat rate and Lee's index were calculated accurately. The pathological changes of liver and adipose tissue were observed byhematoxylin-eosin(HE). The acute toxicity of RS3 to mice was evaluated by limit test. The mice were continuously observed for 14 days,and the toxicity of mice was recorded. Result: The indicators of high-dose RS3 group were significantly reduced,such as body weight,fat mass,body fat rate,fat/body ratio,Lee's index,and serum TC,TG,LDLC,AST,ALT levels(P < 0. 05). Histomorphometric examination showed that the administration of RS3 starch could significantly improve the fatty lesions of liver tissue,and the liver-protecting effect was obvious,which could still inhibit the expansion of fat cells and reduce the accumulation of fat in mice. Among them,the high-dose group wsa better; After the maximum dose of 36 g·kg~(-1) was administered,no toxic reaction and death occurred in the animals. Conclusion: RS3-type Canna Edulis Resistant Starch has a good effect in reducing body weight and serum lipid,with a better effect in the high-dose group and no toxicity. And the commonly used clinical dose is safe and reliable.
引文
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[20]陈奇.中药药理研究方法学[M]. 2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:107-110.
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[22]李慧丽.肥胖、糖尿病、高脂血症与急性胰腺炎关系研究[D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[23]范婷婷.荷叶生物碱类物质降脂减肥活性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.
[24]何明,涂长春,黄起壬,等. Lee's指数用于评价成年大鼠肥胖程度的探讨[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学杂志,1997(3):177-179.
[25]余远江,何丽君,谢承孟,等.抗性淀粉的生理功效及其在食品工业中的应用研究进展[J].轻工科技,2018,34(5):43-45.
[26] HAN K H,Fukushima M,Kato T,et al. Enzyme-resistant fractions of beans lowered serum cholesterol and increased sterol excretions and hepatic mRNA levels in rats[J]. Lipids,2003,38(9):919-924.
[27]李敏,杨晓光,朴建华.抗性淀粉生理功能的研究进展[J].卫生研究,2008,37(5):640-643.
[28]张蕾,张琪,游云,等.基于代谢组学技术探讨高脂血症及动脉粥样硬化痰瘀证候的演变规律[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2015,35(7):823-833.
[29]唐琪晶,陈素红,潘丹丹,等.白术精提物对代谢性高脂血症大鼠的药效及机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(9):1803-1807.
[30]冷雪,贾连群,杨关林,等.化瘀祛痰方对脾虚型高脂血症大鼠肝脏SREBP-2信号通路的干预作用[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2015,35(3):320-326.
[31]陈娟,邓军,张宇燕,等.丹参素对高脂血症大鼠脂代谢调节机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(2):313-317.
[32]叶振南,李楠,盛丹丹,等.青钱柳多糖对高脂血症大鼠血脂及抗脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].现代食品科技,2014,30(4):1-5,20.
[33]吴燕丹. TC/HDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C,TG/HDL-C与冠心病不同程度相关性[J].临床误诊误治,2014,27(6):64-67.
[34] Englyst H N,Cummings J H. Non-starch polysaccharides(dietary fiber)and resistant starch[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol,1990,270(6):205-225.
[2]陈定宇,何凌,肖正华.肥胖伴高甘油三酯血症患者胰岛素抵抗的研究[J].中原医刊,2006(8):1-2.
[3]原萌谦,刘志诚,徐斌,等.针灸治疗1528例肥胖并发高脂血症不同肥胖度患者疗效观察[J].中国针灸,2016,36(8):807-811.
[4] Paramsothy P,Knopp R,Bertoni A G,et al. Combined hyperlipidemia in relation to race/ethnicity,obesity,and insulin resistance in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis[J]. Metabolism,2009,58(2):212-219.
[5] Garvey W T,Garber A J,Mechanick J I,et al. American association of clinical endocrinologists and American college of endocrinology position statement on the 2014adcanced framework for a new diagnosis of obesity as a chronic disease[J]. Endoc Pract,2014,20(9):977-989.
[6] BAO L,BAI S,Borijihan G. Hypolipidemic effects of a new piperine derivative GB-N from piper longum in highfat diet-fed rats[J]. Pharm Biol,2012,50(8):962-967.
[7] Sajilata M G,Singhal R S,Kulkarni P R. Resistant starch-a review[J]. Compr Rev Food Sci F,2010,5(1):1-17.
[8] Gocmen D,Dundar A N. Resistant starch as a novel food ingredient in human nutrition[J]. FASEB J,2013,27:1065. 26.
[9] Birt D F,Boylston T,Hendrich S,et al. Resistant Starch:promise for improving human health[J]. Adv Nutr:Inter Rev Jour,2013,4(6):587-601.
[10] Fuentes-Zaragoza E,Riquelme-Navarrete M J,SánchezZapata E, et al. Resistant starch as functional ingredient:a review[J]. Food Res Int,2010,43(4):931-942.
[11]余远江,何丽君,谢承孟,等.抗性淀粉的生理功效及其在食品工业中的应用研究进展[J].轻工科技,2018,34(5):43-45.
[12] YAO N,Paez A V,White P J. Structure and function of starch and resistant starch from corn with different doses of mutant amylose-extender and floury-1 alleles[J]. J Agric Food Chem,2009,57(5):2040-2048.
[13] Sanz T,Salvador A,Fiszman S M. Evaluation of four types of resistant starch in muffin baking performance and relationship with batter rheology[J]. Eur Food Res Technol,2008,227(3):813-819.
[14] Furukawa S,Fujita T,Shimabukuro M,et al. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome[J]. J Clin Invest,2004,114(12):1752-1761.
[15] Chandler P C,Viana J B,Oswald K D,et al. Feeding response to melanocortin agonist predicts preference for andobesity from a high-fat diet[J]. Physiol Behav,2005,85(2):221-230.
[16] ZHAO Y,PENG L,LU W,et al. Effect of eclipta prostrata on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic animals[J]. Exp Gerontol,2015,62:37-44.
[17]胡文兵,赵静,陈婷婷,等.青钱柳多糖对高脂血症小鼠的降血脂作用及机制初探[J].现代食品科技,2015,31(11):39-44.
[18] Aziz A A,Kenney L S,Goulet B,et al. Dietary starch type affects body weight and glycemic control in freely fed but not energy-restricted obese rats[J]. J Nutr,2009,139(10):1881-1889.
[19] GB 15193. 3-2014,食品安全国家标准急性经口毒性试验[S].中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,2014:3-21.
[20]陈奇.中药药理研究方法学[M]. 2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:107-110.
[21]吴培赛,石松利,周红兵,等.蒙古扁桃药材不同提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂、脂质过氧化和肝功能的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(21):113-117.
[22]李慧丽.肥胖、糖尿病、高脂血症与急性胰腺炎关系研究[D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[23]范婷婷.荷叶生物碱类物质降脂减肥活性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.
[24]何明,涂长春,黄起壬,等. Lee's指数用于评价成年大鼠肥胖程度的探讨[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学杂志,1997(3):177-179.
[25]余远江,何丽君,谢承孟,等.抗性淀粉的生理功效及其在食品工业中的应用研究进展[J].轻工科技,2018,34(5):43-45.
[26] HAN K H,Fukushima M,Kato T,et al. Enzyme-resistant fractions of beans lowered serum cholesterol and increased sterol excretions and hepatic mRNA levels in rats[J]. Lipids,2003,38(9):919-924.
[27]李敏,杨晓光,朴建华.抗性淀粉生理功能的研究进展[J].卫生研究,2008,37(5):640-643.
[28]张蕾,张琪,游云,等.基于代谢组学技术探讨高脂血症及动脉粥样硬化痰瘀证候的演变规律[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2015,35(7):823-833.
[29]唐琪晶,陈素红,潘丹丹,等.白术精提物对代谢性高脂血症大鼠的药效及机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(9):1803-1807.
[30]冷雪,贾连群,杨关林,等.化瘀祛痰方对脾虚型高脂血症大鼠肝脏SREBP-2信号通路的干预作用[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2015,35(3):320-326.
[31]陈娟,邓军,张宇燕,等.丹参素对高脂血症大鼠脂代谢调节机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(2):313-317.
[32]叶振南,李楠,盛丹丹,等.青钱柳多糖对高脂血症大鼠血脂及抗脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].现代食品科技,2014,30(4):1-5,20.
[33]吴燕丹. TC/HDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C,TG/HDL-C与冠心病不同程度相关性[J].临床误诊误治,2014,27(6):64-67.
[34] Englyst H N,Cummings J H. Non-starch polysaccharides(dietary fiber)and resistant starch[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol,1990,270(6):205-225.