放顶煤开采上覆巨厚砾岩层变形移动规律研究
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摘要
放顶煤开采时上覆巨厚砾岩层垮落直接影响综放工作面的安全生产,为了研究放顶煤开采上覆巨厚砾岩层变形移动规律,以河南大有能源股份有限公司耿村煤矿综放工作面特厚煤层及其上覆巨厚砾岩层为工程背景,采用相似材料模拟试验,研究了放顶煤开采时上覆巨厚砾岩层变形移动全过程。结果表明:(1)随着煤层开采,依据巨厚砾岩层裂隙场的特征,巨厚砾岩层变形移动和垮落的全过程分为下位和上位垮落过程,其中下位砾岩层初次断裂时垮落体形态为梯形,上位砾岩层断裂控制着地表的变形;(2)当工作面停采后,巨厚砾岩层裂隙演化发展具有较明显的时间效应;(3)下位砾岩层初次垮落步距650. 0 m,周期垮落步距175. 0 m,上位砾岩层初次垮落步距825. 0 m,地表下沉系数0. 267。研究结果可为耿村煤矿巨厚砾岩层下综放开采提供安全技术支撑。
The collapse of hugely-thick conglomerate stratum (HTCS) over longwall top coal caving (LTCC) affects its safe production. Taking the coal face extremely-thick coal seam and its overlying HTCS in Gengcun coal mine as the engineering background,the whole process of deformation movement of HTCS over the coal face was studied with similar simulation test. The results showed that: (1) With the coal mining,the whole process of deformation movement and collapse of HTCS was divided into ones in the lower and in the upper conglomerate stratum based on the characteristics of the fractured field of HTCS. There was trapezoidal caving body when the lower conglomerate stratum was firstly fractured,while the surface deformation was controlled by the upper conglomerate stratum fractured. (2) When the coal face advancement was stopped,there was obvious time effect on the evolution of the fractures in HTCS. (3) The parameters of deformation movement of HTCS were obtained. The first caving interval of the lower conglomerate stratum was 650. 0 m,the periodic caving interval was 175. 0 m,and the first caving interval of the upper conglomerate stratum was 825. 0 m. The surface subsidence coefficient was 0. 267. The conclusions provided a technical support for LTCC under HTCS in Gengcun coal mine.
The collapse of hugely-thick conglomerate stratum (HTCS) over longwall top coal caving (LTCC) affects its safe production. Taking the coal face extremely-thick coal seam and its overlying HTCS in Gengcun coal mine as the engineering background,the whole process of deformation movement of HTCS over the coal face was studied with similar simulation test. The results showed that: (1) With the coal mining,the whole process of deformation movement and collapse of HTCS was divided into ones in the lower and in the upper conglomerate stratum based on the characteristics of the fractured field of HTCS. There was trapezoidal caving body when the lower conglomerate stratum was firstly fractured,while the surface deformation was controlled by the upper conglomerate stratum fractured. (2) When the coal face advancement was stopped,there was obvious time effect on the evolution of the fractures in HTCS. (3) The parameters of deformation movement of HTCS were obtained. The first caving interval of the lower conglomerate stratum was 650. 0 m,the periodic caving interval was 175. 0 m,and the first caving interval of the upper conglomerate stratum was 825. 0 m. The surface subsidence coefficient was 0. 267. The conclusions provided a technical support for LTCC under HTCS in Gengcun coal mine.
引文
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[13]王志强,苏越,崔冬雪,等.华丰矿冲击地压危险性预测及区域防治技术研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(2):87-92.WANG Z Q,SU Y,CUI D X,et al.Study on risk prediction and regional prevention and control technologies of rockburst in Huafeng mine[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2018,14(2):87-92.
[2]郭文彬,余学义,赵兵朝,等.高构造应力区大采高覆岩灾变规律实验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(6):1058-1064.GUO W B,YU X Y,ZHAO B C,et al.Experimental research on catastrophic mechanism of overburden strata with high excavation height in high tectonic stress zone[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(6):1058-1064.
[3]屠洪盛,屠世浩,陈芳,等.基于薄板理论的急倾斜工作面顶板初次变形破断特征研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(1):49-54.TU H S,TU S H,CHEN F,et al.Study on the deformation and fracture feature of steep inclined coal seam roof based on the theory of thin plates[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(1):49-54.
[4]轩大洋,许家林,冯建超,等.巨厚火成岩下采动应力演化规律与致灾机理[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1252-1257.XUAN D Y,XU J L,FENG J C,et al.Disaster and evolvement law of mining-induced stress under extremely thick igneous rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1252-1257.
[5]李宝富,徐学锋,任永康.巨厚砾岩作用下底板冲击地压诱发机理及过程[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(3):11-17.LI B F,XU X F,REN Y K.Induced mechanism and process of floor burst under the action of hugely-thick conglomerate layer[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(3):11-17.
[6]李宝富,李小军,任永康.采场上覆巨厚砾岩层运动对冲击地压诱因的实验与理论研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(s1):31-37.LI B F,LI X J,REN Y K.Experimental and theoretical study on rock burst inducement by movement of superthick conglomerate strata overlying working face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(s1):31-37.
[7]王树立,张开智,蒋金泉,等.超厚高位红层砂岩破断运动与矿震活动规律[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(6):1116-1122.WANG S L,ZHANG K Z,JIANG J Q,et al.The fracture and rock burst laws of high-position hard and extremely thick red beds[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(6):1116-1122.
[8]夏彬伟,李晓龙,卢义玉,等.大同矿区坚硬顶板破断步距及变形规律研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(6):1038-1044.XIA B W,LI X L,LU Y Y,et al.Study on the breaking span and deformation of hard roof in Datong mining area[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(6):1038-1044.
[9]史俊伟,朱学军,孙熙正.巨厚砾岩诱发冲击地压相似材料模拟试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2):117-122.SHI J W,ZHU X J,SUN X Z.Similar material simulation test research on rock burst induced by overlying thick conglomerate strata movement[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(2):117-122.
[10]翟新献,孙乐乾,涂兴子,等.耿村煤矿综放开采覆岩移动和矿压显现规律研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(4):1-8.ZHAI X X,SUN L Q,TU X Z,et al.Overlying strata movement deformation and strata pressure behavior of fully mechanized mining with sublevel caving in Gengcun coal mine[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2018,37(4):1-8.
[11]钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010.QIAN M G,SHI P W,XU J L.Mining pressure and strata control[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining Technology Press,2010.
[12]窦林名,许家林,陆菜平,等.离层注浆控制冲击矿压危险机理探讨[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):21-25.DOU L M,XU J L,LU C P,et al.study of controlling rockburst with grouting bed separation[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(2):21-25.
[13]王志强,苏越,崔冬雪,等.华丰矿冲击地压危险性预测及区域防治技术研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(2):87-92.WANG Z Q,SU Y,CUI D X,et al.Study on risk prediction and regional prevention and control technologies of rockburst in Huafeng mine[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2018,14(2):87-92.