基于极性发射机的两点调制锁相环的设计
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摘要
采用0.11μm 1P6M CMOS工艺设计与研究了一款适用于蓝牙极性调制发射机的两点调制锁相环.为了校正锁相环中两个相位调制路径的环路增益,降低采用该锁相环的发射机的频移键控误差,提出了一种新型的增益校正方法,并基于该方法设计了低相位噪声、低锁定时间的两点调制锁相环电路.芯片的测试结果表明,当压控振荡器震荡在4.8 GHz时,该锁相环在偏离4.8 GHz 10 kHz、1 MHz和3 MHz时的相位噪声依次为-83、-108和-114 dBc/Hz,采用该锁相环的极性调制发射机发射0 dBm信号时频移键控误差为2.97%,该锁相环的芯片面积为0.32 mm~2,整体性能满足蓝牙射频芯片测试规范要求.
Two-point modulation phase-locked loop(PLL) for Bluetooth polar transmitter was studied and designed by using 0.11 μm 1 P6 M CMOS process. In order to correct the loop gain of two phase modulation paths in the PLL and reduce the frequency shift keying error of using the phase-locked loop, a new gain correction method was proposed. And a new phase-locked loop circuit of two-point modulation based on gain calibration was proposed to reduce phase noise of PLL and accelerate the locking time of phase-locked loop. Chip measured results show that when voltage controlled oscillator oscillates at 4.8 GHz, the phase noises at 10 kHz, 1 MHz, 3 MHz offsets are-83 dBc/Hz,-108 dBc/Hz and-114 dBc/Hz, respectively. When using the polar transmitter of phase-locked loop to transmit the 0 dBm signal, the FSK error is 2.97%, and the phase-locked loop occupies 0.32 mm~2. The overall performance meets the requirements of Bluetooth RF chip test specification.
Two-point modulation phase-locked loop(PLL) for Bluetooth polar transmitter was studied and designed by using 0.11 μm 1 P6 M CMOS process. In order to correct the loop gain of two phase modulation paths in the PLL and reduce the frequency shift keying error of using the phase-locked loop, a new gain correction method was proposed. And a new phase-locked loop circuit of two-point modulation based on gain calibration was proposed to reduce phase noise of PLL and accelerate the locking time of phase-locked loop. Chip measured results show that when voltage controlled oscillator oscillates at 4.8 GHz, the phase noises at 10 kHz, 1 MHz, 3 MHz offsets are-83 dBc/Hz,-108 dBc/Hz and-114 dBc/Hz, respectively. When using the polar transmitter of phase-locked loop to transmit the 0 dBm signal, the FSK error is 2.97%, and the phase-locked loop occupies 0.32 mm~2. The overall performance meets the requirements of Bluetooth RF chip test specification.
引文
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[3] TAN C G,SONG F,ZHENG R,et al.An ultra-low-cost high-performance bluetooth SoC in 0.11-μm CMOS [J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2012,47(11):2665- 2677.
[4] HUANG M,CHEN D,MASENTEN W K,et al.A power-area-efficient,3-band,2-RX MIMO,TD-LTE receiver with direct-coupled ADC [J].International Journal of Circuit Theory & Applications,2015,43(6):806- 821.
[5] LIANG Z,LI B,HUANG M,et al.A low cost BLE transceiver with RX matching network reusing PA load inductor for WSNs applications [J].Sensors,2017,17(4):895- 916.
[6] PENG X,YIN J,MAK P I,et al.A 2.4-GHz zigbee transmitter using a function-reuse class-F DCO-PA and an ADPLL achieving 22.6%(14.5%) system efficiency at 6- dBm (0-dBm) pout [J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2017,52(6):1495- 1508.
[7] KUO F W,FERREIRA S B,BABAIE M,et al.A bluetooth low-energy(BLE) transceiver with TX/RX swit-chable on-chip matching network,2.75 mW high-IF discrete-time receiver,and 3.6 mW all-digital transmitter [C]//Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Symposium on VlSI Circuits.Honolulu:IEEE,2016:1- 2.
[8] PRUMMEL J,PAPAMICHAIL M,WILLMS J,et al.A 10 mW bluetooth low-energy transceiver with on-chip matching [J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2015,50(12):3077- 3088.
[9] LIU Y H,BACHMANN C,WANG X,et al.13.2 A 3.7 mW-RX 4.4 mW-TX fully integrated bluetooth low-energy/IEEE802.15.4/proprietary SoC with an ADPLL based fast frequency offset compensation in 40 nm CMOS [C]//Proceedings of Solid-State Circuits Conference.San Francisco:IEEE,2015:1- 3.
[10] SANO T,MIZOKAMI M,MATSUI H,et al.13.4 A 6.3 mW BLE transceiver embedded RX image-rejection filter and TX harmonic-suppression filter reusing on-chip matching network [C]//Proceedings of 2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference.San Francisco:IEEE,2015:1- 3.
[11] BABAIE M,KUO F W,CHEN H N R,et al.A fully integrated bluetooth low-energy transmitter in 28 nm CMOS with 36% system efficiency at 3 dBm [J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2016,51(7):1547- 1565.
[12] WONG A C W,DAWKINS M,DEVITA G,et al.A 1V 5 mA multimode IEEE 802.15.6/bluetooth low-energy WBAN transceiver for biotelemetry applications [J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2013,48(1):186- 198.
[13] GIL J,KIM J H,KIM C S,et al.A fully integrated low-power high-coexistence 2.4-GHz zigbee transceiver for biomedical and healthcare applications [J].IEEE Tran-sactions on Microwave Theory & Techniques,2014,62(9):1879- 1889.
[14] HUANG M,CHEN D,GUO J,et al.A CMOS delta-sigma PLL transmitter with efficient modulation bandwidth calibration [J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems I Regular Papers,2017,62(7):1716- 1725.
[15] YU R,YEO T T,TAN K H,et al.A 5.5 mA 2.4-GHz two-point modulation zigbee transmitter with modulation gain calibration [C]//Proceedings of 2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference.Rome:IEEE,2009:375- 378.
[16] AHN H K,LEE K S,YU H,et al.VCO gain calibration technique for GSM/EDGE polar modulated transmitter [C]//Proceedings of 2008 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium.Atlanta:IEEE,2008:383- 386.
[17] YOUSSEF M,ZOLFAGHARI A,MOHAMMADI B,et al.A low-power GSM/EDGE/WCDMA polar transmitter in 65-nm CMOS [J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2011,46(12):3061- 3074.
[18] HUANG M,CHEN D H,GUO J P,et al.A tri-band,2-RX MIMO,1-TX TD-LTE CMOS transceiver [J].Microelectrons Journal,2015,46(1):59- 66.