基于地质与重磁数据集成的河北迁安铁矿集区三维成矿预测
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摘要
河北迁安铁矿矿集区是我国典型的早前寒武纪条带状铁矿富集区和重要的铁矿石原料基地,近年来其保有资源量不断下降,急需开展深部资源找矿工作。基于地质与重磁数据等多源信息融合开展地质理论指导下的三维地质建模是当前深部矿产资源勘查与评价的重要途径和研究热点。本文以迁安铁矿集区为研究对象,基于地质与重磁数据资料综合解译,建立了1:5万迁安幅三维地质结构模型;在此基础上,以区域成矿理论和找矿勘查模型为指导,总结沉积-变质型铁矿的控矿要素,建立了综合信息定量预测模型;进一步应用"立方体预测模型"提取成矿有利信息,依据信息量值,圈定了5个找矿远景区。研究表明,重磁异常能够有效推断矿集区内断裂构造分布和含铁建造,为区域性三维地质模型的建立提供支撑;同时将传统的二维综合信息成矿预测方法拓展到三维空间,预测结果为该区深部及外围找矿工作提供参考。
The Qian'an iron ore concentration area is a typical Precambrian BIF enrichment area and also an important raw material base for iron ore. In recent years, the proven reserves have been declining continuously, so it is urgent to carry out deep iron resources prospecting work. 3D geological modeling based on geological and gravity-magnetic data integration, under the guidance of geological theory, is an important method and frontier of mineral resources exploration and assessment in the world. The Qian'an iron ore concentration area was taken as the study area. Based on geological and gravity-magnetic interpretation data, the authors established 3D geological model of Qian'an geological map(1:50 000) and then, guided by regional metallogenic theory and prospecting model, the authors summed up some favorable geological conditions for ore control, and established the quantitative prediction model. By using "cubic predicting model" prospecting method, the authors delineated 5 predicted targets according to the value of prospecting information. The research results show that the gravity and magnetic anomalies can effectively infer fault structures and iron-bearing formations distribution in the ore-concentrating area, which provides support for regional 3D geological modeling. Meanwhile, this research extends the traditional metallogenic prediction method to 3D space, which can provide reference for prospecting work in the deep and peripheral areas.
The Qian'an iron ore concentration area is a typical Precambrian BIF enrichment area and also an important raw material base for iron ore. In recent years, the proven reserves have been declining continuously, so it is urgent to carry out deep iron resources prospecting work. 3D geological modeling based on geological and gravity-magnetic data integration, under the guidance of geological theory, is an important method and frontier of mineral resources exploration and assessment in the world. The Qian'an iron ore concentration area was taken as the study area. Based on geological and gravity-magnetic interpretation data, the authors established 3D geological model of Qian'an geological map(1:50 000) and then, guided by regional metallogenic theory and prospecting model, the authors summed up some favorable geological conditions for ore control, and established the quantitative prediction model. By using "cubic predicting model" prospecting method, the authors delineated 5 predicted targets according to the value of prospecting information. The research results show that the gravity and magnetic anomalies can effectively infer fault structures and iron-bearing formations distribution in the ore-concentrating area, which provides support for regional 3D geological modeling. Meanwhile, this research extends the traditional metallogenic prediction method to 3D space, which can provide reference for prospecting work in the deep and peripheral areas.
引文
陈建平,于淼,于萍萍,尚北川,郑啸,王丽梅.2014.重点成矿带大中比例尺三维地质建模方法与实践[J].地质学报,88(6):1187-1195.
陈正乐,陈柏林,董法先,张国铎,施性明.2013.迁安铁矿矿田构造解析及找矿预测[M].北京:地质出版社.
丁文君,陈正乐,陈柏林,董法先,崔玲玲.2009.河北迁安杏山铁矿床地球化学特征及其对成矿物质来源的指示[J].地质力学学报,15(4):363-373.
胡桥,陈建平,田业.2018.三维成矿预测与预测评价--以东昆仑成矿带红旗沟-深水潭金矿为例[J].现代地质,32(2):335-343.
李厚民,陈毓川,李立兴,王登红.2012.中国铁矿成矿规律[M].北京:地质出版社.
李延河,张增杰,伍家善,尚龙平.2011.冀东马兰庄条带状硅铁建造的变质时代及地质意义[J].矿床地质,30(4):645-653.
沈其韩,宋会侠,杨崇辉,万渝生.2011.山西五台山和冀东迁安地区条带状铁矿的岩石化学特征及其地质意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,30(2):161-171.
史蕊,陈建平,王刚,王江霞.2015.云南个旧竹林矿段三维成矿预测及靶区优选[J].地质通报,34(5):944-952.
万渝生,董春艳,任鹏,白文倩,颉颃强,刘守偈,谢士稳,刘敦一.2017.华北克拉通太古宙TTG岩石的时空分布、组成特征及形成演化:综述[J].岩石学报,33(5):1405-1419.
王功文,张寿庭,燕长海,宋要武,陈天振,李冬,马振波.2011.基于地质与重磁数据集成的栾川钼多金属矿区三维地质建模[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,36(2):360-366.
吴志春,郭福生,林子瑜,侯曼青,罗建群.2016.三维地质建模中的多源数据融合技术与方法[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),46(6):1895-1913.
向杰,陈建平,胡彬,胡桥,杨伟.2016.基于三维地质-地球物理模型的三维成矿预测--以安徽铜陵矿集区为例[J].地球科学进展,31(6):603-614.
张进友,吴再忠,纪山青.2012.河北迁安地区铁矿床控矿特征及找矿方向[J].矿床地质,31(S1):157-158.
BONHAM-CARTER G F.1994.Geographic information systems for geoscientists:modeling with GIS[J].Computer Methods in the Geosciences,4(4):1-2.
CHEN Jian-ping,YU Miao,YU Ping-ping,SHANG Bei-chuan,ZHENG Xiao,WANG Li-mei.2014.Method and practice of3D geological modeling at key metallogenic belt with large and medium scale[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,88(6):1187-1195(in Chinese with English abstract).
CHEN Zheng-le,CHEN Bo-lin,DONG Fa-xian,ZHANG Guo-duo,SHI Xing-ming.2013.Structural analysis and prospecting prediction of Qian’an iron ore field[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
DING Wen-jun,CHEN Zheng-le,CHEN Bo-lin,DONG Fa-xian,CUI Ling-ling.2009.Geochemical characters of band iron formations from Xingshan iron deposit in Qian’an area,Hebei Province:implication for their origin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,15(4):363-373(in Chinese with English abstract).
FALLARA F,LEGAULT M,RABEAU O.2006.3D integrated geological modeling in the Abitibi Subprovince(Québec,Canada):techniques and applications[J].Exploration and Mining Geology,15(1-2):27-43.
HOULDING S W.1994.3D geoscience modelling:computer techniques for geological characterization[M].Springer-Verlag,Berlin,Germany.
HU Qiao,CHEN Jian-ping,TIAN Ye.2018.3D metallogenic prediction and prediction evaluation:A case study in Hongqigou-Shenshuitan gold deposit in the eastern Kunlun metallogenic belt[J].Geoscience,32(2):335-343(in Chinese with English abstract).
KAUFMANN O,MARTIN T.2008.3D geological modelling from boreholes,cross-sections and geological maps,application over former natural gas storages in coal mines[J].Computers&Geosciences,34(3):278-290.
LI Hou-min,CHEN Yuchuan,LI Li-xing,WANG Deng-hong.2012.Metallogeny of the iron deposits in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
LI Yan-he,ZHANG Zeng-jie,WU Jia-shan,SHANG Long-ping.2011.Metamorphic chronology of the BIF in Malanzhuang of eastern Hebei Province and its geological implications[J].Mineral Deposits,30(4):645-653(in Chinese with English abstract).
MALEHMIR A,THUNEHED H,TRYGGVASON A.2009.The Paleoproterozoic Kristineberg mining area,northern Sweden:Results from integrated 3D geophysical and geologic modeling,and implications for targeting ore deposits[J].Geophysics,74(1):B9-B22.
SHEN Qi-han,SONG Hui-xia,YANG Chong-hui,WAN Yu-sheng.2011.Petrochemical characteristics and geological significations of banded iron formations in the Wutai Mountain of Shanxi and Qian’an of eastern Hebei[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,30(2):161-171(in Chinese with English abstract).
SHI Rui,CHEN Jian-ping.2015.On the massive metal accumulation on the eastern margin of the North China Craton and the prospecting evaluation-a case study of Jiaojia gold concentration belt[J].Geosciences Journal,19(4):599-612.
SHI Rui,CHEN Jian-ping,WANG Gang,WANG Jiang-xia.2015.The 3D metallogenic prediction and optimization of targets in the Zhulin ore block of Gejiu,Yunnan Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,34(5):944-952(in Chinese with English abstract).
WAN Yu-sheng,DONG Chun-yan,REN Peng,BAI Wen-qian,XIEHang-qiang,LIU Shou-jie,XIE Shi-wen,LIU Dun-yi.2017.Spatial and temporal distribution,compositional characteristics and formation and evolution of Archean TTG rocks in the North China Craton:A synthesis[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,33(5):1405-1419(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Gong-wen,ZHANG Shou-ting,YAN Chang-hai,SONGYao-wu,SUN Yue,LI Dong,XU Feng-ming.2011.Mineral potential targeting and resource assessment based on 3D geological modeling in Luanchuan region,China[J].Computers&Geosciences,37:1976-1988.
WANG Gong-wen,ZHANG Shou-ting,YAN Chang-hai,SONGYao-wu,CHEN Tian-zhen,LI Dong,MA Zhen-bo.2011.3Dgeological modeling based on geological and gravity-magnetic data integration in the Luanchuan Molybdenum polymetallic deposit,China[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,36(2):360-366(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Gong-wen,MA Zhen-bo,LI Rui-xi,SONG Yao-wu,QUJia-nan,ZHANG Shou-ting,YAN Chang-hai,HAN Jiang-wei.2017.Integration of multi-source and multi-scale datasets for3D structural modeling for subsurface exploration targeting,Luanchuan Mo-polymetallic district,China[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,139:269-290.
WU Zhi-chun,GUO Fu-sheng,LIN Zi-yu,HOU Man-qing,LUOJian-qun.2016.Technology and method of multi-data merging in 3D geological modeling[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),46(6):1895-1913(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIANG Jie,CHEN Jian-ping,HU Bin,HU Qiao,YANG Wei.2016.3D metallogenic prediction based on 3D geological-geophysical model:A case study in Tongling mineral district of Anhui[J].Advances in Earth Science,31(6):603-614(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIAO Ke-yan,LI Nan,PORWAL A,HOLDEN E J,BAGAS L,LUYong-jun.2015.GIS-based 3D prospectivity mapping:A case study of Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit in Tibet,China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,71:611-632.
YANG Fan,WANG Gong-wen,SANTOSH M,LI Rui-xi,TANG Li,CAO Hua-wen,GUO Na-na,LIU Chao.2017.Delineation of potential exploration targets based on 3D geological modeling:A case study from the Laoangou Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposit,China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,89:228-252.
YUAN Feng,LI Xiao-hui,ZHANG Ming-ming,SIMON M J,JIACai,ZHENG Tong-ke,ZHOU Tao-fa.2014.Three-dimensional weights of evidence-based prospectivity modeling:A case study of the Baixiangshan mining area,Ningwu Basin,Middle and Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt,China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,145:82-97.
ZANCHI A,FRANCESCA S,STEFANO Z,SIMONE S,GRAZIANO G.2009.3D reconstruction of complex geological bodies:examples from the Alps[J].Computers&Geosciences,35(1):49-69.
ZHAI Ming-guo,SANTOSH M.2013.Metallogeny of the North China Craton:Link with secular changes in the evolving Earth[J].Gondwana Research,24(1):275-297.
ZHANG Jin-you,WU Zai-zhong,JI Shan-qing.2012.Ore-controlling characteristics and prospecting direction of iron deposits in Qian’an area,Hebei Province[J].Mineral Deposits,31(S1):157-158(in Chinese).
ZHANG Lian-chang,ZHAI Ming-guo,ZHANG Xiao-jing,XIANGPeng,DAI Yan-pei,WANG Chang-le,PIRAJNO F.2012.Formation age and tectonic setting of the Shirengou Neoarchean banded iron deposit in eastern Hebei Province:Constraints from geochemistry and SIMS zircon U-Pb dating[J].Precambrian Research,222:325-338.
ZHAO Guo-chun,WILDE S A,CAWOOD P A,SUN Min.2001.Archean blocks and their boundaries in the North China Craton:Lithological,geochemical,structural and P-T path constraints and tectonic evolution[J].Precambrian Research,107:45-73.
陈正乐,陈柏林,董法先,张国铎,施性明.2013.迁安铁矿矿田构造解析及找矿预测[M].北京:地质出版社.
丁文君,陈正乐,陈柏林,董法先,崔玲玲.2009.河北迁安杏山铁矿床地球化学特征及其对成矿物质来源的指示[J].地质力学学报,15(4):363-373.
胡桥,陈建平,田业.2018.三维成矿预测与预测评价--以东昆仑成矿带红旗沟-深水潭金矿为例[J].现代地质,32(2):335-343.
李厚民,陈毓川,李立兴,王登红.2012.中国铁矿成矿规律[M].北京:地质出版社.
李延河,张增杰,伍家善,尚龙平.2011.冀东马兰庄条带状硅铁建造的变质时代及地质意义[J].矿床地质,30(4):645-653.
沈其韩,宋会侠,杨崇辉,万渝生.2011.山西五台山和冀东迁安地区条带状铁矿的岩石化学特征及其地质意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,30(2):161-171.
史蕊,陈建平,王刚,王江霞.2015.云南个旧竹林矿段三维成矿预测及靶区优选[J].地质通报,34(5):944-952.
万渝生,董春艳,任鹏,白文倩,颉颃强,刘守偈,谢士稳,刘敦一.2017.华北克拉通太古宙TTG岩石的时空分布、组成特征及形成演化:综述[J].岩石学报,33(5):1405-1419.
王功文,张寿庭,燕长海,宋要武,陈天振,李冬,马振波.2011.基于地质与重磁数据集成的栾川钼多金属矿区三维地质建模[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,36(2):360-366.
吴志春,郭福生,林子瑜,侯曼青,罗建群.2016.三维地质建模中的多源数据融合技术与方法[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),46(6):1895-1913.
向杰,陈建平,胡彬,胡桥,杨伟.2016.基于三维地质-地球物理模型的三维成矿预测--以安徽铜陵矿集区为例[J].地球科学进展,31(6):603-614.
张进友,吴再忠,纪山青.2012.河北迁安地区铁矿床控矿特征及找矿方向[J].矿床地质,31(S1):157-158.
BONHAM-CARTER G F.1994.Geographic information systems for geoscientists:modeling with GIS[J].Computer Methods in the Geosciences,4(4):1-2.
CHEN Jian-ping,YU Miao,YU Ping-ping,SHANG Bei-chuan,ZHENG Xiao,WANG Li-mei.2014.Method and practice of3D geological modeling at key metallogenic belt with large and medium scale[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,88(6):1187-1195(in Chinese with English abstract).
CHEN Zheng-le,CHEN Bo-lin,DONG Fa-xian,ZHANG Guo-duo,SHI Xing-ming.2013.Structural analysis and prospecting prediction of Qian’an iron ore field[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
DING Wen-jun,CHEN Zheng-le,CHEN Bo-lin,DONG Fa-xian,CUI Ling-ling.2009.Geochemical characters of band iron formations from Xingshan iron deposit in Qian’an area,Hebei Province:implication for their origin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,15(4):363-373(in Chinese with English abstract).
FALLARA F,LEGAULT M,RABEAU O.2006.3D integrated geological modeling in the Abitibi Subprovince(Québec,Canada):techniques and applications[J].Exploration and Mining Geology,15(1-2):27-43.
HOULDING S W.1994.3D geoscience modelling:computer techniques for geological characterization[M].Springer-Verlag,Berlin,Germany.
HU Qiao,CHEN Jian-ping,TIAN Ye.2018.3D metallogenic prediction and prediction evaluation:A case study in Hongqigou-Shenshuitan gold deposit in the eastern Kunlun metallogenic belt[J].Geoscience,32(2):335-343(in Chinese with English abstract).
KAUFMANN O,MARTIN T.2008.3D geological modelling from boreholes,cross-sections and geological maps,application over former natural gas storages in coal mines[J].Computers&Geosciences,34(3):278-290.
LI Hou-min,CHEN Yuchuan,LI Li-xing,WANG Deng-hong.2012.Metallogeny of the iron deposits in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
LI Yan-he,ZHANG Zeng-jie,WU Jia-shan,SHANG Long-ping.2011.Metamorphic chronology of the BIF in Malanzhuang of eastern Hebei Province and its geological implications[J].Mineral Deposits,30(4):645-653(in Chinese with English abstract).
MALEHMIR A,THUNEHED H,TRYGGVASON A.2009.The Paleoproterozoic Kristineberg mining area,northern Sweden:Results from integrated 3D geophysical and geologic modeling,and implications for targeting ore deposits[J].Geophysics,74(1):B9-B22.
SHEN Qi-han,SONG Hui-xia,YANG Chong-hui,WAN Yu-sheng.2011.Petrochemical characteristics and geological significations of banded iron formations in the Wutai Mountain of Shanxi and Qian’an of eastern Hebei[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,30(2):161-171(in Chinese with English abstract).
SHI Rui,CHEN Jian-ping.2015.On the massive metal accumulation on the eastern margin of the North China Craton and the prospecting evaluation-a case study of Jiaojia gold concentration belt[J].Geosciences Journal,19(4):599-612.
SHI Rui,CHEN Jian-ping,WANG Gang,WANG Jiang-xia.2015.The 3D metallogenic prediction and optimization of targets in the Zhulin ore block of Gejiu,Yunnan Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,34(5):944-952(in Chinese with English abstract).
WAN Yu-sheng,DONG Chun-yan,REN Peng,BAI Wen-qian,XIEHang-qiang,LIU Shou-jie,XIE Shi-wen,LIU Dun-yi.2017.Spatial and temporal distribution,compositional characteristics and formation and evolution of Archean TTG rocks in the North China Craton:A synthesis[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,33(5):1405-1419(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Gong-wen,ZHANG Shou-ting,YAN Chang-hai,SONGYao-wu,SUN Yue,LI Dong,XU Feng-ming.2011.Mineral potential targeting and resource assessment based on 3D geological modeling in Luanchuan region,China[J].Computers&Geosciences,37:1976-1988.
WANG Gong-wen,ZHANG Shou-ting,YAN Chang-hai,SONGYao-wu,CHEN Tian-zhen,LI Dong,MA Zhen-bo.2011.3Dgeological modeling based on geological and gravity-magnetic data integration in the Luanchuan Molybdenum polymetallic deposit,China[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,36(2):360-366(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Gong-wen,MA Zhen-bo,LI Rui-xi,SONG Yao-wu,QUJia-nan,ZHANG Shou-ting,YAN Chang-hai,HAN Jiang-wei.2017.Integration of multi-source and multi-scale datasets for3D structural modeling for subsurface exploration targeting,Luanchuan Mo-polymetallic district,China[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,139:269-290.
WU Zhi-chun,GUO Fu-sheng,LIN Zi-yu,HOU Man-qing,LUOJian-qun.2016.Technology and method of multi-data merging in 3D geological modeling[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),46(6):1895-1913(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIANG Jie,CHEN Jian-ping,HU Bin,HU Qiao,YANG Wei.2016.3D metallogenic prediction based on 3D geological-geophysical model:A case study in Tongling mineral district of Anhui[J].Advances in Earth Science,31(6):603-614(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIAO Ke-yan,LI Nan,PORWAL A,HOLDEN E J,BAGAS L,LUYong-jun.2015.GIS-based 3D prospectivity mapping:A case study of Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit in Tibet,China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,71:611-632.
YANG Fan,WANG Gong-wen,SANTOSH M,LI Rui-xi,TANG Li,CAO Hua-wen,GUO Na-na,LIU Chao.2017.Delineation of potential exploration targets based on 3D geological modeling:A case study from the Laoangou Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposit,China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,89:228-252.
YUAN Feng,LI Xiao-hui,ZHANG Ming-ming,SIMON M J,JIACai,ZHENG Tong-ke,ZHOU Tao-fa.2014.Three-dimensional weights of evidence-based prospectivity modeling:A case study of the Baixiangshan mining area,Ningwu Basin,Middle and Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt,China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,145:82-97.
ZANCHI A,FRANCESCA S,STEFANO Z,SIMONE S,GRAZIANO G.2009.3D reconstruction of complex geological bodies:examples from the Alps[J].Computers&Geosciences,35(1):49-69.
ZHAI Ming-guo,SANTOSH M.2013.Metallogeny of the North China Craton:Link with secular changes in the evolving Earth[J].Gondwana Research,24(1):275-297.
ZHANG Jin-you,WU Zai-zhong,JI Shan-qing.2012.Ore-controlling characteristics and prospecting direction of iron deposits in Qian’an area,Hebei Province[J].Mineral Deposits,31(S1):157-158(in Chinese).
ZHANG Lian-chang,ZHAI Ming-guo,ZHANG Xiao-jing,XIANGPeng,DAI Yan-pei,WANG Chang-le,PIRAJNO F.2012.Formation age and tectonic setting of the Shirengou Neoarchean banded iron deposit in eastern Hebei Province:Constraints from geochemistry and SIMS zircon U-Pb dating[J].Precambrian Research,222:325-338.
ZHAO Guo-chun,WILDE S A,CAWOOD P A,SUN Min.2001.Archean blocks and their boundaries in the North China Craton:Lithological,geochemical,structural and P-T path constraints and tectonic evolution[J].Precambrian Research,107:45-73.