风剪切效应下风电机组的纹波传递机理分析
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摘要
风剪切效应会使风力发电机组中各环节的状态发生变化,进而影响最终并网电能的质量。为了对风剪切效应下所受影响环节进行分析,文章以直驱永磁同步风力发电机组隐极式发电机为例,从风轮角度逐一分析由风剪切效应所造成纹波由风力发电机组机械侧传播至电磁侧的过程以及各环节扰动间的关系。分析结果表明,风剪切效应在风轮叶片、发电机转速及塔架等环节中均产生了不良影响,若不加以抑制,还会影响发电机组的并网电能质量。
Wind shear will change the state of wind turbine, and influence the quality of the power feeding back to the network. In this paper, a permanent-magnet direct-drive synchronous cylindrical wind turbine was used as an example in order to study the influence of wind shear. The ripples caused by wind shear in different parts of the generator system, the propagation mechanism, and connections between the ripples were analyzed. The results of the analysis turn out that the ripples caused by wind shear will affect the blades and tower of the wind turbine, change turbine's rotate speed, even lead to poor power quality.
Wind shear will change the state of wind turbine, and influence the quality of the power feeding back to the network. In this paper, a permanent-magnet direct-drive synchronous cylindrical wind turbine was used as an example in order to study the influence of wind shear. The ripples caused by wind shear in different parts of the generator system, the propagation mechanism, and connections between the ripples were analyzed. The results of the analysis turn out that the ripples caused by wind shear will affect the blades and tower of the wind turbine, change turbine's rotate speed, even lead to poor power quality.
引文
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[2]于宏敏,任国玉,刘玉莲.黑龙江省大气边界层不同高度风速变化[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(10):1718-1730.
[3]孔屹刚,王杰,顾浩,等.基于风剪切和塔影效应的风力机风速动态建模[J].太阳能学报,2011,32(8):1237-1244.
[4]张雪,王维庆,王海云,等.考虑风切和塔影效应的风力机风速模型[J].电测与仪表,2015,52(8):56-60.
[5]PENGG.Influence AnalysisofWindShearandTowerShadow onLoadandPowerBasedonBladeElementTheory[C]//Chinese ControlandDecisionConference.Mianyang,China:IEEE,2011:2809-2812.
[6]刘香,苗占元,罗桂鑫,等.考虑风剪切和塔影效应的风电机组塔顶荷载研究[J].风能,2013(2):62-65.
[7]杨从新,张旭耀,李银然,等.风剪切来流下风力机叶片表面压力的分布规律[J].太阳能学报,2018,39(4):1142-1148.
[8]祝水琴,骆江锋,谈志强.风机塔架的模态分析及优化设计[J].机械设计,2013,30(4):78-80, 84.
[9]FU J, ZHANG H L, HE B. The effect of wind shear and pitch control delaying on wind turbine blade loading[C]//International Conference onElectricInformationandControlEngineering.Wuhan,China:IEEE, 2011:5485-5489.
[10]CHAVANDS,RANA A,SINGHMR,etal.ModelingofFlicker duetoVerticalWindShearInitiatedbyVegetationinaRiverside WindTurbine Using Wind Tunnel[C]//2nd International Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems. Combiatore, India:IEEE, 2014.
[11]CHAVANDS,BHIDESD,KARANDIKARPB.Effectof vertical wind shear on?icker in wind farm[C]//2013 IEEE Global HumanitarianTechnologyConference:South AsiaSatellite.Trivandrum, India:IEEE, 2013:203-208.
[12]CHAVAN D S, RANA A, SINGH M R, et al. Computation of?icker duetoverticalwindshearinawindturbinesitedonahillusing windtunnel[C]//2014IEEEInternationalPowerEngineeringand OptimizationConference.Langkawi,Malaysia:IEEE,2014:231-236.
[13]束成.直驱式永磁同步风力发电系统控制研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2014.
[14]张迪,王维庆.适用于独立变桨控制方式的风机气动模型和风模型的研究[J].水力发电,2011,37(4):90-94.
[15]董平,孙文磊,樊军,等.大型风机柔性叶片摆振运动冲击对层间断裂韧性的影响[J].复合材料学报,2018,35(2):282-290.
[16]姚兴佳,刘颖明,刘光德,等.大型风电机组振动分析和在线状态监测技术[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2007,29(6):627-632.
[17]阎石,于君元,牛健,等.基于SMA的风机塔架结构风致振动控制研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2016,36(1):159-164.
[18]陶学军,卢晓光.基于控制方法的风机塔架减振研究[J].2014,31(3):325-329.
[19]杨阳.风电连接螺栓疲劳性能及其失效分析[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015.
[20]常星亚.风载作用下输电铁塔螺栓连接松动特性研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.
[21]王莉娜,朱鸿悦,杨宗军.永磁同步电动机调速系统PI控制器参数整定方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):104-117.
[22]王万宝.三相电压型SVPWM整流器仿真研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.
[23]何宗领.基于滑模变结构控制的风力发电机组双PWM变流器的设计与仿真研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.
[24]陶顺,姚黎婷,廖坤玉,等.光伏逆变器直流电压扰动引起的间谐波电流解析模型[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):878-885.