护理健康教育在两癌筛查中对消除认知偏差和改善焦虑、抑郁的作用
摘要
目的:探讨护理健康教育在两癌筛查中对消除认知偏差和改善焦虑、抑郁的作用。方法:选取顺德地区150例女性为调查对象,采用调查问卷形式统计调查对象不愿意参加两癌筛查的主要因素,并于2017年6月～12月和2018年3月～10月对其进行护理健康教育;比较干预前后调查对象对两癌筛查相关知识的知晓情况,采用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评估调查对象面对两癌筛查时抑郁、焦虑状态,采用功能失调性态度问卷(DAS)评估调查对象两癌筛查的认知情况,通过为期1年的随访调查调查对象的两癌筛查行为。结果:没有空余时间、感觉自己没有疾病无须筛查是调查对象不愿意参加两癌筛查的两大主要因素,其次为近期进行过类似检查、本人与户口不在同一城市、筛查项目无法满足本人需要。干预后,愿意参加两癌筛查者明显多于干预前(P <0. 05);干预后,150名调查对象关于两癌早期有无症状、两癌可早期发现、两癌主要危险因素及两癌筛查的意义目的等知晓率明显高于干预前(P <0. 05),面对两癌筛查时HAMA评分、HAMD评分明显低于干预前(P <0. 05),脆弱性、吸引和排斥、强制性、依赖性、自主性态度、认知哲学及DAS总分评分均明显低于干预前(P <0. 05),乳腺自我检查、乳腺癌筛查、阴道分泌物自我检查、宫颈癌筛查等筛查频率明显高于干预前(P <0. 05)。结论:护理健康教育可通过提升女性对两癌筛查相关知识的知晓情况,有效改善女性在两癌筛查中对认知偏差和取报告时的焦虑、抑郁状态,提升女性对两癌筛查的参加意愿。
引文
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[14] Makariou-Pikis C,Peled AW,Newland GM,et al. Cultural sensitivity and health education:essential components to the success of the early detection cancer screening program for Latinas at MedStar Georgetown University Hospital[J]. J Health Care Poor Underserved,2014,25(2):460-468.
[15] Price-Haywood EG,Harden-Barrios J,Cooper LA. Comparative effectiveness of audit-feedback versus additional physician communication training to improve cancer screening for patients with limited health literacy[J]. J Gen Intern Med,2014,29(8):1113-1121.
[16]徐红,付欣.健康教育在宫颈癌乳腺癌筛查中的应用[J].中国卫生产业,2017,14(16):48-49.
[17]吴玉,许少珍,王景妹.健康教育对农村妇女两癌筛查意愿性干预的效果[J].实用临床医药杂志,2017,21(6):182-183.
[18]王凤华,刁焕存,李艳云.基层医院“两癌”筛查结果分析及健康教育[J].首都食品与医药,2016,23(24):16-18.
[19]覃小丽.健康教育对女性“两癌”认知水平及筛查行为的影响[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,7(23):9-10.
[20] Salimzadeh H,Eftekhar H,Majdzadeh R,et al. Effectiveness of a theory-based intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening among Iranian health club members:a randomized trial[J]. J Behav Med,2014,37(5):1019-1029.
[2] Gwede CK,Koskan AM,Quinn GP,et al. Patients'perceptions of colorectal cancer screening tests and preparatory education in federally qualified health centers[J]. J Cancer Educ,2015,30(2):294-300.
[3]庞东荣.健康教育对农村女性“两癌”筛查意愿性干预效果的评价[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(4):288-289.
[4] Cullerton K,Gallegos D,Ashley E,et al. Cancer screening education:can it change knowledge and attitudes among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Queensland,Australia[J]. Health Promot J Austr,2016,27(2):140-147.
[5]张文锦,李薇薇,赵春蕾.健康教育对农村女性两癌筛查意愿性干预效果评价[J].河北医药,2013,35(23):3630-3631.
[6] Oldach BR,Katz ML. Health literacy and cancer screening:a systematic review[J]. Patient Educ Couns,2014,94(2):149-57.
[7] Abiodun OA,Olu-Abiodun OO,Sotunsa JO,et al. Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and cervical screening uptake among adult women in rural communities in Nigeria[J]. BMC Public Health,2014,14:814.
[8]李银平,郑之敏,王淑珍.健康教育对女性两癌认知水平及筛查行为的影响[J].癌症进展,2016,14(6):572-574+577.
[9]张淑艳.两癌筛查中的健康宣教及护理干预[J].中国地区医师,2016,32(28):163,165.
[10]戴瑞芳,薛彩芳.惠东地区城乡女性居民宫颈癌、乳腺癌筛查结果分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2018,17(3):394-396.
[11] Tian C,Champlin S,Mackert M,et al. Readability,suitability,and health content assessment of web-based patient education materials on colorectal cancer screening[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,2014,80(2):284-290.
[12]肖书.综合干预在留守妇女“两癌筛查”中的效果评价[J].中国老年保健医学,2018,16(2):116-117.
[13]张莉,热米拉·热扎克,胡尚英,等.山西省襄垣县农村妇女和基层医务人员对宫颈癌及其筛查的认知和评价[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2018,9(2):1-5,9.
[14] Makariou-Pikis C,Peled AW,Newland GM,et al. Cultural sensitivity and health education:essential components to the success of the early detection cancer screening program for Latinas at MedStar Georgetown University Hospital[J]. J Health Care Poor Underserved,2014,25(2):460-468.
[15] Price-Haywood EG,Harden-Barrios J,Cooper LA. Comparative effectiveness of audit-feedback versus additional physician communication training to improve cancer screening for patients with limited health literacy[J]. J Gen Intern Med,2014,29(8):1113-1121.
[16]徐红,付欣.健康教育在宫颈癌乳腺癌筛查中的应用[J].中国卫生产业,2017,14(16):48-49.
[17]吴玉,许少珍,王景妹.健康教育对农村妇女两癌筛查意愿性干预的效果[J].实用临床医药杂志,2017,21(6):182-183.
[18]王凤华,刁焕存,李艳云.基层医院“两癌”筛查结果分析及健康教育[J].首都食品与医药,2016,23(24):16-18.
[19]覃小丽.健康教育对女性“两癌”认知水平及筛查行为的影响[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,7(23):9-10.
[20] Salimzadeh H,Eftekhar H,Majdzadeh R,et al. Effectiveness of a theory-based intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening among Iranian health club members:a randomized trial[J]. J Behav Med,2014,37(5):1019-1029.