土壤熏蒸剂及生物菌肥对日光温室番茄土壤酶活性及产量的影响
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摘要
以番茄圣罗兰3689为材料,通过3种土壤熏蒸剂和2种生物菌肥处理,研究了土壤熏蒸剂及生物菌肥对日光温室番茄土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响。结果表明,威百亩熏蒸抑制土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性,激发土壤碱性磷酸酶活性。石灰氮熏蒸抑制土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,激发土壤蔗糖酶活性,对土壤过氧化氢酶活性无显著影响。棉隆熏蒸抑制土壤脲酶活性,激发土壤蔗糖酶活性,对土壤碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性无显著影响。随着2种生物菌肥的施入,土壤酶活性都趋于恢复和提升状态。威百亩熏蒸剂结合金汇生物菌肥处理番茄产量最高,为118 294 kg/hm~2;其次为棉隆熏蒸剂结合ETS生物菌肥处理,番茄产量为110 938kg/hm~2;石灰氮结合生物菌肥处理番茄产量最低。
Tomato YSL 3689 was treated by 3 kinds of soil fumigants and 2 kinds of bio-bacterial manure in order to study the activities of soil urease,sucrose enzyme,alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase enzyme of greenhouse tomato. The results showed that metham fumigation inhibited the activities of soil urease,invertase and catalase,and stimulated the activity of soil alkaline phosphatase. Lime nitrogen fumigation restrained activities of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase and stimulated the activity of soil invertase,however,it showed no significant effect on soil catalase activity. Dazomet fumigation restrained the soil urease activity,and stimulated the soil invertase activity,while showed no significant effect on activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase. Soil enzyme activities were tending to restore and improve with the application of two bio-bacterial manure. The metham combined with Jinhui bio-bacterial manure treatment had the highest yield of tomatoes which was 118 294 kg/ha. The yield of tomatoes treated by dazomet fumigation combined with ETS bio-bacterial manure was 110 938 kg/ha. Lime nitrogen combined with bio-bacterial manure treatment had minimum production.
Tomato YSL 3689 was treated by 3 kinds of soil fumigants and 2 kinds of bio-bacterial manure in order to study the activities of soil urease,sucrose enzyme,alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase enzyme of greenhouse tomato. The results showed that metham fumigation inhibited the activities of soil urease,invertase and catalase,and stimulated the activity of soil alkaline phosphatase. Lime nitrogen fumigation restrained activities of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase and stimulated the activity of soil invertase,however,it showed no significant effect on soil catalase activity. Dazomet fumigation restrained the soil urease activity,and stimulated the soil invertase activity,while showed no significant effect on activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase. Soil enzyme activities were tending to restore and improve with the application of two bio-bacterial manure. The metham combined with Jinhui bio-bacterial manure treatment had the highest yield of tomatoes which was 118 294 kg/ha. The yield of tomatoes treated by dazomet fumigation combined with ETS bio-bacterial manure was 110 938 kg/ha. Lime nitrogen combined with bio-bacterial manure treatment had minimum production.
引文
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[25]田永强,曹之富,张雪艳,等.不同农艺措施下温室土壤酶活性的动态变化及其相关性分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(4):857-864.
[26]张学鹏,宁堂原,杨燕,等.不同浓度石灰氮对黄瓜连作土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(10):3073-3082.
[27]王哲昕,吴凤芝,肖万里,等.填闲小麦、石灰氮消毒和秸秆反应堆对日光温室黄瓜生长及根区土壤酶活性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2014(7):23-28,29.
[28]范琳娟,刘奇志,宋兆欣,等.温室重茬草莓土壤施用棉隆和氯化苦效果评价[J].农药,2017,56(4):293-296.
[29]陈希.菊花连作障碍防控技术研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[2]米国全,陈梦莹,史艳艳,等.番茄种质资源黄化曲叶病毒病抗性的鉴定与评价[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(5):77-83.
[3]徐艳辉,李烨,许向阳.番茄枯萎病的研究进展[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(11):128-134.
[4]刘春艳,王万立,郝永娟,等.AM菌根生物技术克服设施蔬菜连作障碍浅析[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(20):236-239.
[5]刘斌,林红梅,韩华平,等.苏北沿海地区设施蔬菜连作障碍防控综述[J].上海蔬菜,2010(5):9-11.
[6]葛晓颖,孙志刚,李涛,等.设施番茄连作障碍与土壤芽孢杆菌和假单胞菌及微生物群落的关系分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(3):514-523.
[7]刘丽珠,卢信,范如芹,等.保水剂垫料栽培基质对番茄生理指标及产量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1242-1248.
[8]郭甜莉,李惠文,李胜利,等.2种载体型脲甲醛肥及其用量对番茄穴盘苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(3):87-91.
[9]米国全,袁丽萍,龚元石,等.不同水氮供应对日光温室番茄土壤酶活性及生物环境影响的研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7):124-127.
[10]张茜,张小梅,梁斌,等.长期定位施肥对设施番茄土壤酶活性及土壤养分动态变化的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(1):179-186.
[11]阎世江,张继宁,刘洁,等.生物菌肥在蔬菜上的应用研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(2):306-308,312.
[12]郭大勇,商东耀,王旭刚,等.改性生物炭对玉米生长发育、养分吸收和土壤理化性状的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(2):22-27.
[13]杨凤娟,吴焕涛,魏珉,等.轮作与休闲对日光温室黄瓜连作土壤微生物和酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(12):2983-2988.
[14]马涛涛,颜冬冬,毛连纲,等.4种熏蒸剂对土壤硝化作用及相关酶活性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2014(11):37-42.
[15]王小星,樊文华.熏蒸剂对土传病害防治的研究进展[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(1):72-76.
[16]樊继刚,方鸿国,王蓉.草莓连作障碍综合防治技术[J].上海蔬菜,2016(2):66-68.
[17]冯义志,潘金菊,刘伟.棉隆在番茄和土壤中的残留消解动态及残留量[J].农药,2015,54(8):588-590.
[18]李东坡,武志杰,陈利军,等.长期定位培肥黑土土壤蔗糖酶活性动态变化及其影响因素[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,13(2):102-105.
[19]胡君利,林先贵,尹睿,等.浙江慈溪不同利用年限水稻土微生物生物量与酶活性比较[J].生态学报,2008,28(4):1552-1557.
[20]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:120-276.
[21]严昶升.土壤肥力研究方法[M].北京:农业出版社,1988.
[22]廖敏,谢晓梅,吴良欢.水稻覆膜旱作对稻田土壤微生物生态质量的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2002,16(3):243-246.
[23]卜东欣.威百亩对西葫芦土传病害的控制效果及对土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[24]赵婷婷.不同土壤消毒方式对大棚西瓜连作障碍抑制效果的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[25]田永强,曹之富,张雪艳,等.不同农艺措施下温室土壤酶活性的动态变化及其相关性分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(4):857-864.
[26]张学鹏,宁堂原,杨燕,等.不同浓度石灰氮对黄瓜连作土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(10):3073-3082.
[27]王哲昕,吴凤芝,肖万里,等.填闲小麦、石灰氮消毒和秸秆反应堆对日光温室黄瓜生长及根区土壤酶活性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2014(7):23-28,29.
[28]范琳娟,刘奇志,宋兆欣,等.温室重茬草莓土壤施用棉隆和氯化苦效果评价[J].农药,2017,56(4):293-296.
[29]陈希.菊花连作障碍防控技术研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.