大学生膳食营养调查及相关问卷分析——以杭州师范大学为例
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摘要
了解大学生营养认知、膳食摄入和健康状况,为提高其营养健康水平提供科学依据。项目组通过问卷调查法调查大学生营养知识、态度、行为,采用24h膳食回顾法分析大学生膳食营养状况,测定人体成分,综合分析大学生营养认知、膳食摄入和健康状况之间的关系。对调查问卷分析发现,大学生营养知识欠缺,问卷平均分仅为20.18分(满分29分)。膳食调查结果显示,大学生钙、锌、视黄醇、核黄素等多种营养素摄入不足,甚至有严重缺乏的情况。人体成分测定结果表明,男女生BMI指数、体脂百分数和腰臀比基本在正常范围内。男生的BMI指数和腰臀比测试值大于女生,而女生的体脂百分数测试值大于男生。综合分析问卷调查、膳食调查及人体成分分析结果表明,应提高大学生营养知识水平,在大学校园开展营养知识教育;其次,加强引导大学生养成良好饮食习惯,改善饮食结构,最终提高学生身体素质,为充实的大学学习生活奠定基础。
To study the dietary status of college students,and to provide theory evidence of nutrition improvement for students.The team through the questionnaire surved college students' nutrition knowledge attitude behavior,24 h dietary review method was used to analysis of college students' dietary nutrition status,measuring body composition,comprehensive analysis of college students' cognitive nutrition,dietary intake and the relationship between the health. Analysis of the questionnaire,found that college students lack of nutrition knowledge,questionnaire averaging only 20.18 points(out of 29 points). Dietary survey,college students a variety of nutrients such as calcium,zinc,retinol,riboflavin intake was insufficient,even had a severe lack.Body composition determination results showed that men and women born BMI and body fat percentage and wa-ist-to-hip ratio basic within the normal range. Boy's BMI and waist-hip ratio test values were greater than girls,and girls body fat percentage test values were greater than boys. Comprehensive analysis of questionnaire,dietary survey and body composition analysis results show that we should improve the level of college students' nutrition knowledge,the university campus to carry out the nutrition knowledge education,secondly,to strengthen the guide students to develop good food intakes habits,improve food structure,eventually to improve students' physical quality,healthy eating,lay the foundation for the enrichment of college life.
To study the dietary status of college students,and to provide theory evidence of nutrition improvement for students.The team through the questionnaire surved college students' nutrition knowledge attitude behavior,24 h dietary review method was used to analysis of college students' dietary nutrition status,measuring body composition,comprehensive analysis of college students' cognitive nutrition,dietary intake and the relationship between the health. Analysis of the questionnaire,found that college students lack of nutrition knowledge,questionnaire averaging only 20.18 points(out of 29 points). Dietary survey,college students a variety of nutrients such as calcium,zinc,retinol,riboflavin intake was insufficient,even had a severe lack.Body composition determination results showed that men and women born BMI and body fat percentage and wa-ist-to-hip ratio basic within the normal range. Boy's BMI and waist-hip ratio test values were greater than girls,and girls body fat percentage test values were greater than boys. Comprehensive analysis of questionnaire,dietary survey and body composition analysis results show that we should improve the level of college students' nutrition knowledge,the university campus to carry out the nutrition knowledge education,secondly,to strengthen the guide students to develop good food intakes habits,improve food structure,eventually to improve students' physical quality,healthy eating,lay the foundation for the enrichment of college life.
引文
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[9]丁寅寅,刘艳芳.在校大学生膳食结构调查与营养状况分析[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版),2018,21(2):108-111.
[10]钟苗,林嘉敏,曾玉婷,等.大学生电子健康素养与体成分指标的相关分析[J].中国校医,2018,32(9):646-648,651.
[2]张莹,骆永笑,黄晓晨,等.北京某高校大学生膳食调查与评价[J].中国食物与营养,2018,24(2):81-84.
[3]束莉,赵文红,李婷,等.大学生营养知识、态度、行为调查及膳食状况评价[J].蚌埠医学院学报,2016,41(2):227-229,234.
[4]肖爽,邱烈峰.师范院校大学生营养知识、态度和饮食行为调查研究[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(7):597-600.
[5]杨月欣.中国食物成分表(第1册)[M].第2版.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2016:127-134.
[6]中国营养学会.中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(2013版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:223-226.
[7]黎琳.应用J20人体成分分析仪在儿童营养评价的临床体会[J].医学理论与实践,2015,28(17):2 402-2 404.
[8]刘佳,李林风,肖全红.营养知识态度行为(KAP)对大学生膳食营养的影响[J].食品与机械,2013,29(3):104-106,168.
[9]丁寅寅,刘艳芳.在校大学生膳食结构调查与营养状况分析[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版),2018,21(2):108-111.
[10]钟苗,林嘉敏,曾玉婷,等.大学生电子健康素养与体成分指标的相关分析[J].中国校医,2018,32(9):646-648,651.