沼液施用量对大麦农艺性状及饲用品质的影响
|
摘要
为明确大麦施用沼液的肥效及所生产大麦的饲用价值,设计N1-N10 10个处理水平以及空白和常规处理12个处理,每个处理重复3次,分析大麦的生物量指标、产量指标以及全株饲用品质指标。结果表明:随着沼液肥施用量的增加,大麦生物量呈上升趋势,N8-N10与常规(CF)差异显著(P<0.05);千粒重呈下降趋势,但N4-N10与常规处理(CF)差异不显著(P>0.05);籽实中蛋白质含量平均值成上升趋势,N8-N10处理蛋白质含量与常规处理(CF)差异显著(P<0.05);总淀粉含量呈递减趋势,N8-N10处理与其他处理(除N6、N7)比较差异显著(P<0.05);在大麦整株饲用品质方面,粗蛋白含量呈现递增趋势,N8-N10处理水平则明显高于常规处理(CF),且差异显著(P<0.05);植株中粗灰分平均含量上升,N10与其他处理(除N6)比较差异显著(P<0.05);沼液施用达到N4水平(沼液含N量相当于常规80%)后,N4-N9处理内粗纤维含量无显著差异(P>0.05);植株的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量增加,但差异不显著(P>0.05);N1-N8的RFV值高于100,整株饲用营养价值较高。研究表明,沼液的施用利于提升大麦生物量、籽实和植株蛋白质含量,提示沼液肥在饲用大麦生产中替代化肥潜力巨大,利于大麦饲用价值的提升。
In order to determine the fertilizer effects of biogas-slurry and barley feeding value, the studies of biogas-slurry on barley production were launched in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province. The test design contained 12 processing levels, such as Regular processing(CF), Blank Processing(CK),and 10 different-biogas treatments,and every treatment was repeated 3 times, and biomass index, yield index and whole plant feeding quality index of barley were analyzed and studied. The main research results are as follows: with the increase of biogas-slurry application which N content levels were between N1-N10, the barley biomass showed a rise trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and CF(P<0.05).Thousand seed weight showed a decline trend, and there were no significant differences between N4-N10 and CF(P>0.05).The average protein contents in the seed showed a rise trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and CF(P<0.05). The total starch contents showed a decreasing trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and other treatments(except N6 and N7)(P<0.05).On the whole barley plant feeding quality, the CP contents showed an increasing trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and CF(P<0.05). The crude ash contents in plants showed an increased trend, and there were significant differences between N10 and other treatments(except N6)(P<0.05).In N4-N9 test levels, the crude fiber contents had no significant difference(P>0.05), and the contents of NDF and ADF were increased, but the difference in treatments were not significant(P>0.05). The RFV values of N1-N8 were higher than 100, and showed that the nutritional value of the whole plant were high. This study indicated that the application of biogas-slurry was beneficial to increase barley biomass, protein content of seed and whole plant, and suggested that biogas slurry had great potential to replace fertilizer in barley production, and was beneficial to increase barley feeding value.
In order to determine the fertilizer effects of biogas-slurry and barley feeding value, the studies of biogas-slurry on barley production were launched in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province. The test design contained 12 processing levels, such as Regular processing(CF), Blank Processing(CK),and 10 different-biogas treatments,and every treatment was repeated 3 times, and biomass index, yield index and whole plant feeding quality index of barley were analyzed and studied. The main research results are as follows: with the increase of biogas-slurry application which N content levels were between N1-N10, the barley biomass showed a rise trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and CF(P<0.05).Thousand seed weight showed a decline trend, and there were no significant differences between N4-N10 and CF(P>0.05).The average protein contents in the seed showed a rise trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and CF(P<0.05). The total starch contents showed a decreasing trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and other treatments(except N6 and N7)(P<0.05).On the whole barley plant feeding quality, the CP contents showed an increasing trend, and there were significant differences between N8-N10 and CF(P<0.05). The crude ash contents in plants showed an increased trend, and there were significant differences between N10 and other treatments(except N6)(P<0.05).In N4-N9 test levels, the crude fiber contents had no significant difference(P>0.05), and the contents of NDF and ADF were increased, but the difference in treatments were not significant(P>0.05). The RFV values of N1-N8 were higher than 100, and showed that the nutritional value of the whole plant were high. This study indicated that the application of biogas-slurry was beneficial to increase barley biomass, protein content of seed and whole plant, and suggested that biogas slurry had great potential to replace fertilizer in barley production, and was beneficial to increase barley feeding value.
引文
[1] 曹汝坤,陈灏,赵玉柱.沼液资源化利用现状与新技术展望[J].中国沼气,2015,33(2):42-50.
[2] 汪吉东,曹云,常志州,等.沼液配施化肥对太湖地区水蜜桃品质及土壤氮素累积的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(2):379-386.
[3] 姜丽娜,王强,陈丁江,等.沼液稻田消解对水稻生产、土壤与环境安全影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(7):1 328-1 336.
[4] 靳红梅,常志州,郭德杰,等.追施猪粪沼液对菜地氨挥发的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,49(1):86-95.
[5] 刘康,陈伟,吴群.沿海滩涂耕地后备资源开发适宜性评价-以江苏省盐城市为例[J].农业现代化研究,2014,35(4):430-436.
[6] 王瑞,陈晓东,顾江涛,等.大麦青饲(贮)种养结合生产技术[J].大麦与谷类科学,2017,34(6):56-58.
[7] 田静,谢昭良,刘家杏,等.冬闲田种植大麦不同生育期的营养价值和青贮品质[J].草业科学,2017,34(4):753-760.
[8] 张英虎,陈和,陈健,等.2007-2014年江苏沿海地区大麦品种(系)产量与产量构成分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(9):1 510-1 513.
[9] 沈会权,陈和,陈健,等.江苏沿海地区农科所大麦育种研究进展[J].大麦与谷类科学,2009(3):12-15.
[10] 冯伟,侯翠翠,刘东洋,等.沼液与氮肥配施对小麦产量及品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(3):520-525.
[11] 杜臻杰,樊向阳,李中阳,等.猪场沼液灌溉对冬小麦生长和品质的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):547-554.
[12] 陈晓东,赵斌,王瑞,等.不同刈割茬次与刈割时期对大麦饲草产量与品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(12):36-39.
[13] 陈晓东,赵斌,季昌好,等.刈割期对多棱饲料大麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(3):409-413.
[14] 徐寿军,刘志萍,张凤英,等.氮肥水平对冬大麦产量、品质和氮肥利用效率的影响及其相关分析[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2012,33(1):66-71.
[15] 蔡剑,姜东,戴廷波,等.施氮水平对啤酒大麦植株氮素吸收与利用及籽粒蛋白质积累和产量的影响[J].作物学报,2009,35(11):2 116-2 121.
[16] 韩文元,赵宝平,任鹏,等.内蒙古农牧交错区施氮量对燕麦饲草产量和饲用品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(24):122-127.
[17] 王春宏,杜晓坤,张迪,等.氮肥施用技术对小黑麦产量及饲用品质的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,43 (11):20-23.
[18] 张融,李先德.饲料大麦的应用价值及开发前景[J].中国食物与营养,2015,21(7):27-31.
[19] 吕芳,杨洁,孔丹丹,等.不同品种大麦饲料加工特性分析[J].饲料工业,2016,37(9):6-14.
[2] 汪吉东,曹云,常志州,等.沼液配施化肥对太湖地区水蜜桃品质及土壤氮素累积的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(2):379-386.
[3] 姜丽娜,王强,陈丁江,等.沼液稻田消解对水稻生产、土壤与环境安全影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(7):1 328-1 336.
[4] 靳红梅,常志州,郭德杰,等.追施猪粪沼液对菜地氨挥发的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,49(1):86-95.
[5] 刘康,陈伟,吴群.沿海滩涂耕地后备资源开发适宜性评价-以江苏省盐城市为例[J].农业现代化研究,2014,35(4):430-436.
[6] 王瑞,陈晓东,顾江涛,等.大麦青饲(贮)种养结合生产技术[J].大麦与谷类科学,2017,34(6):56-58.
[7] 田静,谢昭良,刘家杏,等.冬闲田种植大麦不同生育期的营养价值和青贮品质[J].草业科学,2017,34(4):753-760.
[8] 张英虎,陈和,陈健,等.2007-2014年江苏沿海地区大麦品种(系)产量与产量构成分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(9):1 510-1 513.
[9] 沈会权,陈和,陈健,等.江苏沿海地区农科所大麦育种研究进展[J].大麦与谷类科学,2009(3):12-15.
[10] 冯伟,侯翠翠,刘东洋,等.沼液与氮肥配施对小麦产量及品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(3):520-525.
[11] 杜臻杰,樊向阳,李中阳,等.猪场沼液灌溉对冬小麦生长和品质的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):547-554.
[12] 陈晓东,赵斌,王瑞,等.不同刈割茬次与刈割时期对大麦饲草产量与品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(12):36-39.
[13] 陈晓东,赵斌,季昌好,等.刈割期对多棱饲料大麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(3):409-413.
[14] 徐寿军,刘志萍,张凤英,等.氮肥水平对冬大麦产量、品质和氮肥利用效率的影响及其相关分析[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2012,33(1):66-71.
[15] 蔡剑,姜东,戴廷波,等.施氮水平对啤酒大麦植株氮素吸收与利用及籽粒蛋白质积累和产量的影响[J].作物学报,2009,35(11):2 116-2 121.
[16] 韩文元,赵宝平,任鹏,等.内蒙古农牧交错区施氮量对燕麦饲草产量和饲用品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(24):122-127.
[17] 王春宏,杜晓坤,张迪,等.氮肥施用技术对小黑麦产量及饲用品质的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,43 (11):20-23.
[18] 张融,李先德.饲料大麦的应用价值及开发前景[J].中国食物与营养,2015,21(7):27-31.
[19] 吕芳,杨洁,孔丹丹,等.不同品种大麦饲料加工特性分析[J].饲料工业,2016,37(9):6-14.