苹婆与假苹婆的比较鉴别研究
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摘要
【目的】为区分苹婆(Sterculianobilis Smith)与假苹婆(Sterculialanceolata Cav.)提供参考依据。【方法】采集苹婆与假苹婆2种植物的新鲜茎和叶作为样品,采用体视镜进行原植物外观形态鉴别,采用显微镜对2种植物茎横切面、叶横切面、叶表皮以及叶粉末进行显微鉴别。【结果】原植物外观形态鉴别:苹婆侧脉多沿平直延伸,主脉与侧脉间夹角多数大于80°;假苹婆侧脉多沿斜上方延伸,主脉与侧脉间夹角约为50°～70°。显微鉴别:假苹婆石细胞长圆形或类长方形,壁较厚,纹孔和孔沟明显;苹婆未见。【结论】苹婆与假苹婆外观形态特征及显微特征可作为区分鉴别2种植物的参考依据。
Objective To provide evidences for the identification of Sterculianobilis Smith and Sterculialanceolata Cav. Methods Samples of fresh stems and leaves of the two species were collected for the study. We usedstereoscope to observe and compare the macroscopic appearance of their original plants,and used light microscopeto observe the stem cross-section,leaf cross-section,leaf epidermis,and leaf powder of the two species formicroscopic identification. Results The results of macroscopic identification showed that the lateral veins of Sterculianobilis Smith were almost straight,the angles between leaf main vein and lateral vein being over 80°,while the laterol veins of Sterculialanceolata Cav. were obliquely upward,the angles being in the ranges of 50°-70°. The results of microscopic identification showed that the stone cells in Sterculialanceolata Cav. were ovale orovale-like, having thicker wall, and distinct pits and colporates, but Sterculianobilis Smith had no abovecharacteristics. Conclusion The appearance and microscopic differences can be used for the identification of Sterculianobilis Smith and Sterculialanceolata Cav.
Objective To provide evidences for the identification of Sterculianobilis Smith and Sterculialanceolata Cav. Methods Samples of fresh stems and leaves of the two species were collected for the study. We usedstereoscope to observe and compare the macroscopic appearance of their original plants,and used light microscopeto observe the stem cross-section,leaf cross-section,leaf epidermis,and leaf powder of the two species formicroscopic identification. Results The results of macroscopic identification showed that the lateral veins of Sterculianobilis Smith were almost straight,the angles between leaf main vein and lateral vein being over 80°,while the laterol veins of Sterculialanceolata Cav. were obliquely upward,the angles being in the ranges of 50°-70°. The results of microscopic identification showed that the stone cells in Sterculialanceolata Cav. were ovale orovale-like, having thicker wall, and distinct pits and colporates, but Sterculianobilis Smith had no abovecharacteristics. Conclusion The appearance and microscopic differences can be used for the identification of Sterculianobilis Smith and Sterculialanceolata Cav.
引文
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[2]黄丽君,卢艳春,徐冬英,等.苹婆的栽培现状及发展对策[J].中国热带农业,2014(3):36.
[3]朱宏光,农友,苏建苗,等.广西热带岩溶区苹婆幼树光合蒸腾特性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(13):7751.
[4]南京中医药大学.中药大辞典[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2006:254-255.
[5]赵明,罗瑞鸿,李一伟.苹婆树的经济价值及发展前景[J].农业研究与应用,2012(5):72.
[6]任惠,周婧,李一伟,等.苹婆种子营养及抗氧化活性[J].植物科学学报,2013,31(2):203.
[7]夏鹏飞.掌叶苹婆的化学成分及药理活性研究[D].北京:中国协和医科大学,2009.
[8]夏鹏飞,宋爽,冯子明,等.掌叶苹婆化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(20):2604.
[9]黄晓峰,苏慧慈,补永安.硬脂酸、苹婆酸对培养的大鼠肝癌细胞膜表面Mg~(2+)-ATP酶活性的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,1993,14(2):104.
[10]中国科学院华南植物园.广东植物志[M].广州:广东省出版集团,广东科技出版社,2009.
[11]冯文星,徐雪荣,雷新涛.极具开发潜力的热带干果果树资源—苹婆[J].中国种业,2007(3):67.
[12]杨成华,林则信,韦堂灵,等.望谟县桑郎河谷南亚热带沟谷季雨林苹婆群落研究[J].贵州林业科技,2011,39(4):18.
[13]杨小波.海南植物图志[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:103-104.
[14]黄柳菁,张荣京,王发国,等.澳门青洲山白楸+假苹婆+破布叶群落特征研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2010,28(1):81.