基于锥形螺杆挤出单元的熔融沉积成型3D打印机及实验研究
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摘要
研制了一种基于锥形螺杆挤出单元的桌面式熔融沉积成型(FDM)3D打印机,采用锥形螺杆塑化聚合物并挤出丝条,配合沉积平台的运动打印制品。使用聚乳酸(PLA)、高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)材料对设备挤丝性能进行了研究,并研究了打印参数包括电机脉冲频率、走丝间距、层厚等对PLA拉伸样条性能的影响。结果表明,自制锥形螺杆挤出式FDM打印机具有较好的打印效果,合适的电机脉冲频率、走丝间距、层厚等工艺参数可以使打印制件获得较好的表观质量和强度,而较大的走丝间距使制件的拉伸强度下降了约20%。
In this paper, a desktop fused deposition modeling(FDM) 3 D printer based on the conical screw extrusion unit was successfully developed. A conical screw was adopted to prepare the polymer melts and strips for the formation of 3 D printed products by cooperating with the movement of printing platform. The extrusion performance of the printer was investigated by using PLA and PE-HD, and the effects of impulse frequency, filament spacing and layer thickness on the properties of PLA tensile specimen were investigated. The results indicated that the home-made FDM printer exhibited good printing performance, and suitable parameters can provide good apparent qualities and tensile properties for the printed parts. Nevertheless, the larger filament spacing reduced the tensile strength by about 20%.
In this paper, a desktop fused deposition modeling(FDM) 3 D printer based on the conical screw extrusion unit was successfully developed. A conical screw was adopted to prepare the polymer melts and strips for the formation of 3 D printed products by cooperating with the movement of printing platform. The extrusion performance of the printer was investigated by using PLA and PE-HD, and the effects of impulse frequency, filament spacing and layer thickness on the properties of PLA tensile specimen were investigated. The results indicated that the home-made FDM printer exhibited good printing performance, and suitable parameters can provide good apparent qualities and tensile properties for the printed parts. Nevertheless, the larger filament spacing reduced the tensile strength by about 20%.
引文
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[9] 葛鹏. 一种基于熔融层积成型技术3D打印机的螺杆挤出装置: CN104441559A[P]. 2015-03-25.
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[11] 张杰, 王琪, 许祥, 等. 一种适用于FDM打印机的锥形螺杆挤出设备: CN105479757A[P]. 2016-04-13.
[12] 王琪, 陈刚, 陈宁, 等. 一种基于熔融沉积成型技术的3D打印机: CN106738893A[P]. 2017-05-31.
[13] 许祥. 基于锥形螺杆挤出单元的熔融沉积成型3D 打印机的设计及实验研究[D]. 四川大学: 四川大学, 2017.
[2] CHUA C K, LEONG K F, CHU S L. Rapid Prototyping:Principles and Applications (with Companion CD-ROM)(3rd Edition)[M]. World Scientific, 2010:357-358.
[3] 李小丽, 马剑雄, 李萍, 等. 3D打印技术及应用趋势[J]. 自动化仪表, 2014, 35(1): 1-5. LI X L, MA J X, LI P, et al. 3D Printing Technology and It 's Application Trend[J]. Process Automation Instrumentation, 2014, 35(1): 1-5.
[4] 许向宏. FDM 3D打印机及其适用材料分析[J]. 广东印刷, 2015, (1): 46-48. XU X H. FDM 3D Printer and It 's Applicable Material Analysis[J]. Guangdong Print, 2015, (1): 46-48.
[5] NOVAKOVA-MARCINCINOVA L, NOVAK-MARCINCIN J. Testing of the ABS Materials for Application in Fused Deposition Modeling Technology[M]//VELISEK K, KOSTAL P, PECHACEK F. Iii Central European Conference on Logistics. 2013: 133-140.
[6] AIQIONG P, ZIFAN H, RUIJIE G, et al. Effect of FDM Process on Adhesive Strength of Polylactic Acid(PLA) Filament[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2016, 667(181-186).
[7] SMITH W C, DEAN R W. Structural Characteristics of Fused Deposition Modeling Polycarbonate Material[J]. Polymer Testing, 2013, 32(8): 1 306-1 312.
[8] 颜永年, 叶绍英, 吴良伟, 等. 快速成形系统的挤压喷头结构: CN2353768[P]. 1999-12-15.
[9] 葛鹏. 一种基于熔融层积成型技术3D打印机的螺杆挤出装置: CN104441559A[P]. 2015-03-25.
[10] 张文义. 一种3D打印机挤出机: CN104191618A[P]. 2014-12-10.
[11] 张杰, 王琪, 许祥, 等. 一种适用于FDM打印机的锥形螺杆挤出设备: CN105479757A[P]. 2016-04-13.
[12] 王琪, 陈刚, 陈宁, 等. 一种基于熔融沉积成型技术的3D打印机: CN106738893A[P]. 2017-05-31.
[13] 许祥. 基于锥形螺杆挤出单元的熔融沉积成型3D 打印机的设计及实验研究[D]. 四川大学: 四川大学, 2017.