论职业禁忌违法行为行政处罚之法条竞合
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摘要
目的:阐明对职业禁忌违法行为的行政处罚中存在的法条竞合问题及其正确的处断原则,提升职业卫生依法行政水平,也为今后职业卫生立法工作提供借鉴。方法:结合《职业病防治法》《立法法》等相关法律,对W市安监局一起涉及职业禁忌违法行为的行政处罚案件及其相关报道进行法律适用分析。结果:该起职业卫生行政处罚案件及其相关报道法律适用错误,案件经办人员、报道作者未能正确认知和处理职业禁忌相关处罚条款的竞合问题,无法实现对违法行为的充分评价,使行政处罚结果与违法行为危害后果不相适应,处罚不当。结论:有关部门应当加强对行政执法人员的职业卫生培训,加强对职业卫生行政处罚决定的审核和监督,完善职业卫生立法工作。
Objective:To clarify the overlap of articles of law and it′s principles of management on occupational contradiction in administrative penalty,improving the administrative level of occupational health according to law and providing reference for the future occupational health legislation.Methods:Combined with relevant laws and regulations,such as Occupational Disease Prevention Law,Legislative Law and other related laws and regulations,to discuss the law application about an administrative penalty case involving occupational contradiction violations and related reports which was executed by W City Administration of Work Safety.Results:There was definite error in the application of the law on the case of administrative punishment for occupational health,law enforcement officials and the reporter couldn′t recognize the overlap of articles of law,and unable to achieve the full evaluation of illegal acts,causing the result of administrative punishment not suitable for the consequences of illegal activities.Conclusions:Relevant departments should strengthen occupational health training for administrative law enforcement personnel,the examination and supervision of the decision of administrative punishment for occupational health,and perfect the legislative work of occupational health.
Objective:To clarify the overlap of articles of law and it′s principles of management on occupational contradiction in administrative penalty,improving the administrative level of occupational health according to law and providing reference for the future occupational health legislation.Methods:Combined with relevant laws and regulations,such as Occupational Disease Prevention Law,Legislative Law and other related laws and regulations,to discuss the law application about an administrative penalty case involving occupational contradiction violations and related reports which was executed by W City Administration of Work Safety.Results:There was definite error in the application of the law on the case of administrative punishment for occupational health,law enforcement officials and the reporter couldn′t recognize the overlap of articles of law,and unable to achieve the full evaluation of illegal acts,causing the result of administrative punishment not suitable for the consequences of illegal activities.Conclusions:Relevant departments should strengthen occupational health training for administrative law enforcement personnel,the examination and supervision of the decision of administrative punishment for occupational health,and perfect the legislative work of occupational health.
引文
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[2]齐宸.法律适用法条竞合研究[J].中国政法大学学报,2017(3):134-144.
[3]张永强.违反职业禁忌上岗应如何处理?[N].中国安全生产报,2017-11-01(7).
[4]信春鹰.中华人民共和国职业病防治法释义[M].北京:法律出版社,2012.
[5]张明楷.法条竞合与想象竞合的区分[J].法学研究,2016(1):127-147.
[6]张永海,郭丽芳.行政处罚法实务指导2版[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2008.
[7]最高人民法院.关于审理行政案件适用法律规范问题的座谈会纪要[J].中华人民共和国最高人民法院公报,2004(6):5-8.
[8]王周户.行政法学(第2版)[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,2015.
[9]刘莘.中国行政法[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2016.
[10]江苏省安全生产监督管理局.省安监局关于2017年第1季度全省职业卫生监管工作情况的通报[EB/OL].(2017-04-20)[2018-03-20].http://www.jssafety.gov.cn/jsaqscw/zyjkc/18827.html.
[11]中国人大网.国务院机构改革方案[EB/OL].(2018-03-18)[2018-03-19].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/xinwen/2018-03/18/content_2050371.html.