超高频电磁辐射对作业工人感知觉影响的配对分析
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摘要
目的研究超高频电磁辐射接触工人感知觉功能受到的影响。方法整群抽样选取广东省深圳市2家鞋厂中超高频电磁辐射接触工人,按性别、年龄、文化程度配比的方式选取对照组,共计81对研究对象。对接触组工作环境中的超高频电磁辐射电场强度进行检测,使用第3代神经行为测试评价系统(NES-C3)测量2组成员的视感知-警觉性、注意力以及反应的协调能力和短时听记忆-数字记忆能力2项感知觉功能,并进行统计分析。结果接触组的个体接触强度为25.6～231.8 V/m,超标率为100%。注意调转项目中,接触组的准确判断平均耗时[(3.8±0.8)s]较对照组[(3.6±0.7)s]延长(P<0.05),接触组神经行为功能指数(NAI)(1.0±0.3)较对照组(1.1±0.2)降低(P<0.05)。听数据广度项目中,接触组和对照组的得分和NAI基本接近(P>0.05)。结论高强度超高频电磁辐射可能对作业工人视感知-警觉、注意力以及反应的协调能力造成损害。
[Objective] To investigate the change of perception function of workers with exposure to ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field. [Methods] By cluster sampling, the workers with exposure to ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field from two shoe factories in Shenzhen City of Guangdong Province were paired with workers without ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field according to sex, age and education level, and a total of 81 pairs of subjects were studied. The exposure level of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field of the exposed group was appraised. The neurobehavioral evaluation system Chinese-3 rd generation(NES-C3) was employed to assess the neurobehavioral functions of visual perception-alertness, attention and coordination of responses, and short-term auditory memory-gigital memory, and the data were statistically analyzed.[Results]The level of workers' individual exposure was 25.6-231.8 V/m, and the exceeding standard rate was 100%. In the switching attention items, average time-consuming of accurate judgment in the exposed group[(3.8±0.8) s] was longer than that in the control group[(3.6±0.7) s](P<0.05), and the neurobehavioral ability index(NAI) of the exposed group(NAI) was lower than that in the control group(1.1±0.2)(P<0.05). The two groups had similar scores to NAI in the auditory digit span test(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The perception-alertness, attention and coordination of responses of exposed workers can be impaired by ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field.
[Objective] To investigate the change of perception function of workers with exposure to ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field. [Methods] By cluster sampling, the workers with exposure to ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field from two shoe factories in Shenzhen City of Guangdong Province were paired with workers without ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field according to sex, age and education level, and a total of 81 pairs of subjects were studied. The exposure level of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field of the exposed group was appraised. The neurobehavioral evaluation system Chinese-3 rd generation(NES-C3) was employed to assess the neurobehavioral functions of visual perception-alertness, attention and coordination of responses, and short-term auditory memory-gigital memory, and the data were statistically analyzed.[Results]The level of workers' individual exposure was 25.6-231.8 V/m, and the exceeding standard rate was 100%. In the switching attention items, average time-consuming of accurate judgment in the exposed group[(3.8±0.8) s] was longer than that in the control group[(3.6±0.7) s](P<0.05), and the neurobehavioral ability index(NAI) of the exposed group(NAI) was lower than that in the control group(1.1±0.2)(P<0.05). The two groups had similar scores to NAI in the auditory digit span test(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The perception-alertness, attention and coordination of responses of exposed workers can be impaired by ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field.
引文
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[16] FRENKEN M,BERTI S. Exploring the switching of the focus of attention within working memory:A combined event-related potential and behavioral study[J]. Int J Psychophysiol,2018,4(126):30-41.
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[18]宣磊,石智晔.对安徽省击剑运动员“剑感”的分析探讨[J].体育科技文献通报,2015,23(12):59-60,63.
[19]张志宏,朱先伟,李伟.抑制高频热合机电磁辐射[C].第二十七届中国(天津)2013IT、网络、信息技术、电子、仪器仪表创新学术会议论文集,天津,2013:171-174.
[20]孙活.对高频电磁辐射防护的探讨[J].科技展望,2016,26(31):266.
[2]徐茗,俞文兰,于常艳.高频热合机作业对女工生殖健康的影响[J].中国工业医学杂志,2016,29(5):336-338.
[3]陈浩,刘新霞,王淑玉,等.中山市某制鞋企业职业病危害分析与关键控制点[J].职业与健康,2016,32(24):3316-3319.
[4]金佳纯.超高频高周波作业工人电磁辐射暴露现状及对神经行为功能影响的调查[D].广州:广东药科大学,2017:14.
[5]屈明明,朱晓博,胡红芳,等.某电子对抗部队电磁辐射岗位作业人员神经行为功能调查[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2017,35(4):320-323.
[6]袁正泉,李锋,王登高,等.低强度超短波电磁辐射对机体的影响[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2004,22(4):267-269.
[7]何楚琦,王月,龙鼎新,等.电磁辐射对中枢神经系统的影响及机制[J].中国辐射卫生,2017,26(3):381-384.
[8]候鹏飞,屈明玥,朱晓博,等.电磁辐射对暴露人群神经功能的影响[J].职业与健康,2017,33(7):999-1003.
[9]张军,杨海平,廖理连.不同水平定向运动员感知觉指标的比较研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2013,33(2):97-100.
[10]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所危害因素职业接触限值第2部分:物理因素:GBZ 2.2-2007[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[11]李佳.通信部队作业人员健康及神经行为能力的现况调查研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2015:44.
[12]任佩,李瑞,樊瑾,等.中青年铝作业工人认知记忆功能评价研究[J].中国职业医学,2016,43(1):15-19,25.
[13]郑学文,余文斌,郭金洋,等.模拟高性能战斗机座舱噪声对健康志愿者认知能力的影响[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,2013,24(2):117-122.
[14]陈青松,李涛.低频电磁场与职业健康[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2015:25.
[15]王赞,刘兴.我国女子蹦床运动员感知觉能力与竞技水平关系研究[J].体育科学,2006,26(12):60-65.
[16] FRENKEN M,BERTI S. Exploring the switching of the focus of attention within working memory:A combined event-related potential and behavioral study[J]. Int J Psychophysiol,2018,4(126):30-41.
[17]BERTI S. Switching attention within working memory is reflected in the p3a component of the human event-related brain potential[J]. Front Hum Neurosci,2016,6(9):701.
[18]宣磊,石智晔.对安徽省击剑运动员“剑感”的分析探讨[J].体育科技文献通报,2015,23(12):59-60,63.
[19]张志宏,朱先伟,李伟.抑制高频热合机电磁辐射[C].第二十七届中国(天津)2013IT、网络、信息技术、电子、仪器仪表创新学术会议论文集,天津,2013:171-174.
[20]孙活.对高频电磁辐射防护的探讨[J].科技展望,2016,26(31):266.