海平面变化对码头面高程确定的影响
|
摘要
国内外港口工程计算码头面高程时,仅考虑海平面上升趋势,且多采用全球海平面数据。对海平面变化机制和时空特征进行探讨,指出海平面变化包括季节性变化、年际变化、年代际变化以及长期趋势等,码头面高程确定不应忽视海平面局地特性和时间特性的影响。结果表明,码头面高程确定除考虑海平面长期趋势外,还应根据水位数据的时间尺度,进行必要的季节性修正、年际修正、年代际修正。
The global sea level trend is generally adopted to calculate wharf deck elevation in port engineering at home and abroad,and the local and temporal characteristics of sea level variations are neglected.We discuss the mechanism and characteristics of sea level,and point that sea level variations include seasonal variation,inter-annual variation,decadal variation and long-term trend.The influences of local and temporal characteristics of sea level should not be neglected in the determination of wharf elevation.The results show that in order to determine the wharf elevation,besides considering sea level trend,the necessary seasonal,inter-annual and decadal corrections should be carried out on the basis of the time length of water level data.
The global sea level trend is generally adopted to calculate wharf deck elevation in port engineering at home and abroad,and the local and temporal characteristics of sea level variations are neglected.We discuss the mechanism and characteristics of sea level,and point that sea level variations include seasonal variation,inter-annual variation,decadal variation and long-term trend.The influences of local and temporal characteristics of sea level should not be neglected in the determination of wharf elevation.The results show that in order to determine the wharf elevation,besides considering sea level trend,the necessary seasonal,inter-annual and decadal corrections should be carried out on the basis of the time length of water level data.
引文
[1]中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司.港口与航道水文规范:JTS 145-2015[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015.
[2]邵守良,张锦文.港口工程设计中的一些潮汐计算问题[J].港工技术,2001(4):4-5+31.
[3]蔡永庆,文元桥.海平面上升对沿海工程顶面高程确定的影响[J].水运工程,2015(7):87-91.
[4]IPCC.Climate change 2013:the physical science basis,IPCC fifth assessment report(AR5)[R].New York:IPCC,2013.
[5]ZHOU J,LI P,YU H.Characteristics and mechanisms of sea surface height in the South China Sea[J].Global and planetary change,2012,88:20-31.
[6]VIVIER F,KELLY K A,THOMPSON L.Contributions of wind forcing,waves,and surface heating to sea surface height observations in the Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of geophysical research,1999,104(9):20767-20788.
[7]周剑.南海和印度洋海平面变化特征及其机制研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[8]WOPPELMANN G,COZANNET L G,MICHELE M,et al.Is land subsidence increasing the exposure to sea level rise in Alexandria,Egypt?[J].Geophysical research letters,2013,40:2953-2957.
[9]国家海洋局.2017年中国海平面公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2018.
[2]邵守良,张锦文.港口工程设计中的一些潮汐计算问题[J].港工技术,2001(4):4-5+31.
[3]蔡永庆,文元桥.海平面上升对沿海工程顶面高程确定的影响[J].水运工程,2015(7):87-91.
[4]IPCC.Climate change 2013:the physical science basis,IPCC fifth assessment report(AR5)[R].New York:IPCC,2013.
[5]ZHOU J,LI P,YU H.Characteristics and mechanisms of sea surface height in the South China Sea[J].Global and planetary change,2012,88:20-31.
[6]VIVIER F,KELLY K A,THOMPSON L.Contributions of wind forcing,waves,and surface heating to sea surface height observations in the Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of geophysical research,1999,104(9):20767-20788.
[7]周剑.南海和印度洋海平面变化特征及其机制研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[8]WOPPELMANN G,COZANNET L G,MICHELE M,et al.Is land subsidence increasing the exposure to sea level rise in Alexandria,Egypt?[J].Geophysical research letters,2013,40:2953-2957.
[9]国家海洋局.2017年中国海平面公报[R].北京:国家海洋局,2018.