残余应力对球形压入响应的影响研究
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摘要
针对残余应力影响仪器化球形压入响应的问题,测试了两种常用工程材料(硬铝LY12和钛合金TC4)的力学参数,建立了相应的有限元仿真模型,并采用球形压入试验验证了模型的可靠性;在此基础上,对材料在不同残余应力状态下压入载荷、凸起/凹陷和压入接触塑性区域半径等压入响应问题进行了系统研究。研究结果表明:随着残余压应力的增加,压入载荷变大,压入接触区域周围易于产生凸起现象,塑性区域半径增大;随着残余拉应力的增加,压入响应的影响情况相反;这些现象可以为判断材料内部残余应力的状态和冲击压入试验中敏感元件的布置提供依据和指导。
Aiming at the instrumented spherical indentation response were affected by residual stress,the mechanical parameters of two commonly used engineering materials were tested,namely aluminum alloy LY12 and titanium alloy TC4. Then a spherical finite element simulation model was established and its reliability had verified by instrumented spherical indentation test. Based on these preliminary work,the indetation force,pile-upsink-in and radius of the contact plastic zone were systematically studied under different residual stress. The results indicate that,with the increase of residual compressive stress,the indentation load becomes larger,the pile-up tends to occur,and the radius of the plastic area increases; with the increase of residual tensile stress,the influence of indentation response is opposite. These phenomena can provide a basis for judging the internal residual stress and placement of sensitive elements in the indentation test.
Aiming at the instrumented spherical indentation response were affected by residual stress,the mechanical parameters of two commonly used engineering materials were tested,namely aluminum alloy LY12 and titanium alloy TC4. Then a spherical finite element simulation model was established and its reliability had verified by instrumented spherical indentation test. Based on these preliminary work,the indetation force,pile-upsink-in and radius of the contact plastic zone were systematically studied under different residual stress. The results indicate that,with the increase of residual compressive stress,the indentation load becomes larger,the pile-up tends to occur,and the radius of the plastic area increases; with the increase of residual tensile stress,the influence of indentation response is opposite. These phenomena can provide a basis for judging the internal residual stress and placement of sensitive elements in the indentation test.
引文
[1]巴发海,李凯.金属材料残余应力的测定方法[J].理化检验-化学分册,2017,53(11):771-777.
[2]李晨,楼瑞祥,王志刚,等.残余应力测试方法的研究进展[J].材料导报,2014,34(3):52-54.
[3] NAWWAR A M,MCLACHLAN K,SHEWCHUK J. A modified hole-drilling technique for determining residual stresses in thin plates[J]. Experimental Mechanics,1976,16(6):226-232.
[4] CHENG W L,FINNIE I. Residual stress measurement and the slitting method[M]. New York:Springer,2007.
[5] AJOVALASIT A,PETRUCCI G,ZUCCARELLO B. Determination of nonuniform residual stress using the ring-core method[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials&Technology,1996,118(2):11-13(13).
[6]张定铨,何家文.材料中残余应力的X射线衍射分析和作用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000.
[7] FAN K Y,RUIZ-HERVIAS J,PASTOR J Y,et al. Residual stress and diffraction line-broadening analysis of Al2O3/Y-TZP ceramic composites by neutron diffraction measurement[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals&Hard Materials,2017(64):122-134.
[8] PULNIKOV A,PERMIAKOV V,PETROV R,et al. Investigation of residual stresses by means of local magnetic measurement[J]. Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2004,272(2):2303-2304.
[9]张泰华.微/纳米力学测试技术—仪器化压入的测量、分析、应用及其标准化[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[10] OLIVER W C,PHARR G M. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments[J]. Journal of Materials Research,1992,7(6):1564-1583.
[11] OLIVER W C,PHARR G M. Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation:Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology[J].Journal of Materials Research,2004,19(1):3-20.
[12] JIANG P,ZHANG T H,FENG Y H,et al. Determination of plastic properties by instrumented spherical indentation:Expanding cavity model and similarity solution approach[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2009,24(3):1045-1053.
[13] BOLSHAKOV A,OLIVER W C,PHARR G M. Influences of stress on the measurement of mechanical properties using nanoindentation:Part II. Finite element simulations[J].Journal of Materials Research,1996,11(3):760-768.
[14] SHEN L,HE Y M,LIU D B,et al. Prediction of residual stress components and their directions from pile-up morphology:an experimental study[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2016,31(16):2392-2397.
[15] PHAM T H,KIM S E. Determination of equi-biaxial residual stress and plastic properties in structural steel using instrumented indentation[J]. Materials Science&Engineering A,2017(688):352-363.
[16] SCHMALING B,HARTMAIER A. Determination of plastic material properties by analysis of residual imprint geometry of indentation[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2012,27(16):2167-2177.
[17] GB/T 228—2002.金属材料室温拉伸试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[2]李晨,楼瑞祥,王志刚,等.残余应力测试方法的研究进展[J].材料导报,2014,34(3):52-54.
[3] NAWWAR A M,MCLACHLAN K,SHEWCHUK J. A modified hole-drilling technique for determining residual stresses in thin plates[J]. Experimental Mechanics,1976,16(6):226-232.
[4] CHENG W L,FINNIE I. Residual stress measurement and the slitting method[M]. New York:Springer,2007.
[5] AJOVALASIT A,PETRUCCI G,ZUCCARELLO B. Determination of nonuniform residual stress using the ring-core method[J]. Journal of Engineering Materials&Technology,1996,118(2):11-13(13).
[6]张定铨,何家文.材料中残余应力的X射线衍射分析和作用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000.
[7] FAN K Y,RUIZ-HERVIAS J,PASTOR J Y,et al. Residual stress and diffraction line-broadening analysis of Al2O3/Y-TZP ceramic composites by neutron diffraction measurement[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals&Hard Materials,2017(64):122-134.
[8] PULNIKOV A,PERMIAKOV V,PETROV R,et al. Investigation of residual stresses by means of local magnetic measurement[J]. Journal of Magnetism&Magnetic Materials,2004,272(2):2303-2304.
[9]张泰华.微/纳米力学测试技术—仪器化压入的测量、分析、应用及其标准化[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[10] OLIVER W C,PHARR G M. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments[J]. Journal of Materials Research,1992,7(6):1564-1583.
[11] OLIVER W C,PHARR G M. Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation:Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology[J].Journal of Materials Research,2004,19(1):3-20.
[12] JIANG P,ZHANG T H,FENG Y H,et al. Determination of plastic properties by instrumented spherical indentation:Expanding cavity model and similarity solution approach[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2009,24(3):1045-1053.
[13] BOLSHAKOV A,OLIVER W C,PHARR G M. Influences of stress on the measurement of mechanical properties using nanoindentation:Part II. Finite element simulations[J].Journal of Materials Research,1996,11(3):760-768.
[14] SHEN L,HE Y M,LIU D B,et al. Prediction of residual stress components and their directions from pile-up morphology:an experimental study[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2016,31(16):2392-2397.
[15] PHAM T H,KIM S E. Determination of equi-biaxial residual stress and plastic properties in structural steel using instrumented indentation[J]. Materials Science&Engineering A,2017(688):352-363.
[16] SCHMALING B,HARTMAIER A. Determination of plastic material properties by analysis of residual imprint geometry of indentation[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2012,27(16):2167-2177.
[17] GB/T 228—2002.金属材料室温拉伸试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.