压剪作用下节理倾角对类岩石材料破坏模式的影响
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摘要
采用在水泥砂浆初凝前预埋云母片的方法制作含不同分布形态的充填节理试件,并对试件进行压剪试验,探究压剪复合作用下节理倾角对岩体破坏模式的影响及节理岩体破坏机理。应用RFPA2D有限元程序建立相应的数值模型,进行数值计算。试验和数值模拟结果表明:节理倾角对试件初始破坏时翼裂纹的产生位置和最终破坏形态都有显著影响;不同倾角的节理在不同程度上弱化了类岩石试件的抗剪强度,节理倾角为15°时抗剪强度最小,而60°时最大;节理倾角小于45°时,试件破坏所需剪切位移小于无节理试件破坏时的剪切位移,节理倾角大于或等于45°时大于无节理试件破坏时的剪切位移。
To study the failure mechanism and failure mode of joint rock with compressive-shear, a series of experiments were carried out. In the experiments, the way of burying mica sheets in the cement mortar before initial setting was used to make specimens contain filled joints. The compressive-shear tests at 45° were conducted and RFPA2D was adopted to simulate the physical experiments. The results of experiments and numerical simulation show that the dip of joint plays a key role in the position of emerging wing cracks which first exist in the specimens' breakage and markedly influence the finial failure modes. Joints of different inclination angles weaken shear strength of the specimens. The specimen with a joint inclination angle of 15° has the smallest shear strength, while the biggest value happens at 60°. When the shear stress reaches the peak value, the shear displacement in the specimens of a inclination angles ranging from 0° to 30° is less than those of intact specimens, and whilst the angle equals 45° or more, the shear displacement is much higher than those of intact specimens.
To study the failure mechanism and failure mode of joint rock with compressive-shear, a series of experiments were carried out. In the experiments, the way of burying mica sheets in the cement mortar before initial setting was used to make specimens contain filled joints. The compressive-shear tests at 45° were conducted and RFPA2D was adopted to simulate the physical experiments. The results of experiments and numerical simulation show that the dip of joint plays a key role in the position of emerging wing cracks which first exist in the specimens' breakage and markedly influence the finial failure modes. Joints of different inclination angles weaken shear strength of the specimens. The specimen with a joint inclination angle of 15° has the smallest shear strength, while the biggest value happens at 60°. When the shear stress reaches the peak value, the shear displacement in the specimens of a inclination angles ranging from 0° to 30° is less than those of intact specimens, and whilst the angle equals 45° or more, the shear displacement is much higher than those of intact specimens.
引文
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[15]YANG Shengqi.Crack coalescence behavior of brittle sandstone samples containing two coplanar fissures in the process of deformation failure[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2011,17(78):3059-3081.
[16]张平.裂隙介质静动应力条件下的破坏模式与局部化渐进破损模型研究[D].西安:西安理工大学水利水电学院,2004:10-30.ZHANG Ping.Research on failure modes and localized progressive failure model of the cracked media under static and dynamic stress condition[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Technology Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,2004:10-30.
[17]蒲成志,曹平,衣永亮,单轴压缩下预制2条贯通裂隙类岩材料断裂行为[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(7):2708-2715.PU Chengzhi,CAO Ping,YI Yongliang,Fracture for rock-like materials with two transfixion fissures under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural Science),2012,43(7):2708-2715.
[2]Lajtai E Z.Shear strength of weakness planes in rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1969,6(7):499-515.
[3]Lajtai E Z.Strength of discontinuous rocks in direct shear[J].Geotchnique,1969,19(2):218-233.
[4]Gehle C,Kutter H K.Breakage and shear behavior of intermittent rock joints[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(5):687-700.
[5]刘远明,夏才初.非贯通节理岩体直剪贯通模型和强度研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(10):1242-1246.LIU Yuanming,XIA Caichu.Study of models and strength behavior of rock mass containing discontinuous joints in direct shear[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(10):1242-1246.
[6]刘远明.基于直剪试验的非贯通节理岩体扩展贯通研究[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,2007:32-37.LIU Yuanming.Study of failure models and strength of rock mass containing discontinuous joints in direct shear test[D].Shanghai:Tongji University School of Civil Engineering,2007:32-37.
[7]任伟中,王庚荪,白世伟,等.共面闭合断续节理岩体的直剪强度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(10):1667-1672.REN Weizhong,WANG Gengsun,BAI Shiwei,et al.Strength behavior of rock mass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(10):1667-1672.
[8]任伟中,白世伟,丰定祥,等.直剪条件下共面闭合非贯通岩体的强度特性分析[C]//第六次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:中国科学出版社,2000:147-151.REN Weizhong,BAI Shiwei,FENG Dingxian,et al.Strength behavior of rockmass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[C]//Proceedings of 6th Congress of Chinese Rock Mechanics and Engineering.Beijing:Chinese Science and Technology Press,2000:147-151.
[9]朱维申,梁作元,冯光北,等.节理岩体强度特性的物理模拟及其强度预测分析[C]//葛修润.计算机方法在岩石力学及工程中的应用国际学术讨论文集.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1994:486-493.ZHU Weishen,LIANG Zuoyuan,FENG Guangbei,et al.Proceedings of international symposium on application for computer methods in rock mechanics and engineering[C]//Wuhan:Technical University of Surveying and Mapping Press,1994:486-493.
[10]Bobet A,Einstein H H.Fracture coalescence in rock-type materials under uniaxial and biaxial compression[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(7):863-888.
[11]Park C H,Bobet A.Crack coalescence in specimens with open and closed flaws:A comparison[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46:819-829.
[12]Wong R H C,Chau K T.Crack coalescence in a rock-like material containing two cracks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(2):147-164.
[13]Wong R H C,Lin P,Tang C A.Experimental and numerical study on splitting failure of brittle solids containing single pore under uniaxial compression[J].Mechanics of Materials,2006,38(1/2):142-159.
[14]Wong R H C,Chau K T,Tang C A,et al.Analysis of crack coalescence in rock-like materials containing three flaws—Part I:experimental approach[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38:909-924.
[15]YANG Shengqi.Crack coalescence behavior of brittle sandstone samples containing two coplanar fissures in the process of deformation failure[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2011,17(78):3059-3081.
[16]张平.裂隙介质静动应力条件下的破坏模式与局部化渐进破损模型研究[D].西安:西安理工大学水利水电学院,2004:10-30.ZHANG Ping.Research on failure modes and localized progressive failure model of the cracked media under static and dynamic stress condition[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Technology Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,2004:10-30.
[17]蒲成志,曹平,衣永亮,单轴压缩下预制2条贯通裂隙类岩材料断裂行为[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(7):2708-2715.PU Chengzhi,CAO Ping,YI Yongliang,Fracture for rock-like materials with two transfixion fissures under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural Science),2012,43(7):2708-2715.