深海载人潜水器滚动膜片式压力补偿器研究
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摘要
使用液压驱动的深海载人潜水器,压力补偿器可消除海水压力对液压系统影响,补偿器内径作为其关键结构参数,其设计长期以来一直依靠经验,为解决此问题,通过数学建模,得到补偿压力波动峰值和补偿膜片内外压差峰值,得出补偿器内径是影响这两者的主要结构参数,其值越大,膜片内外压差峰值越小;结合滚动膜片强度理论,依据滚动膜片内外压差峰值须小于滚动膜片安全工作压力这一准则,得到补偿器内径的边界约束和取值方法,基于补偿器内径这一关键参数,压力补偿器可以实现精确以及可靠性设计,此设计方法在一些深海设备上获得应用,实际应用证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。
The hydraulic system of manned submersibles generally adopts an underwater pressure compensator to avoid the influence of water pressure. As the key structural parameter,the inner diameter of a compensator has been designed on the basis of experiences. Precise mathematical models were built to get the fluctuation peak of the compensation pressure and the peak of the pressure difference inside and outside the diaphragm. Thus we conclude that the inner diameter is the biggest factor influencing both peak values. The larger the inner diameter,the smaller the peak of the pressure difference inside and outside the diaphragm. Based on the design principle that the peak of pressure difference should be less than the safe working pressure of diaphragm,the boundary constraint and valuing method of the inner diameter of a compensator was attained. Based on the key parameter,which is the inner diameter of a compensator,the compensator can be designed accurately and reliably. This method has been widely used in some deep-sea vehicles. Practical application shows that the method is feasible and effective.
The hydraulic system of manned submersibles generally adopts an underwater pressure compensator to avoid the influence of water pressure. As the key structural parameter,the inner diameter of a compensator has been designed on the basis of experiences. Precise mathematical models were built to get the fluctuation peak of the compensation pressure and the peak of the pressure difference inside and outside the diaphragm. Thus we conclude that the inner diameter is the biggest factor influencing both peak values. The larger the inner diameter,the smaller the peak of the pressure difference inside and outside the diaphragm. Based on the design principle that the peak of pressure difference should be less than the safe working pressure of diaphragm,the boundary constraint and valuing method of the inner diameter of a compensator was attained. Based on the key parameter,which is the inner diameter of a compensator,the compensator can be designed accurately and reliably. This method has been widely used in some deep-sea vehicles. Practical application shows that the method is feasible and effective.
引文
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[2]GREENERT W.Navy's deep ocean technology project evolution and progress[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 1971Conference on Engineering in the Ocean Environment.San Diego,CA,USA:IEEE,1971,3:50-53.
[3]孟庆鑫,王茁,魏洪兴,等.深水液压动力源压力补偿器研究[J].船舶工程,2000(2):60-61.MENG Qingxin,WANG Zhuo,WEI Hongxing,et al.Development of pressure compensator for deep water hydraulic power station[J].Ship engineering,2000(2):60-61.
[4]LEE A E.Pressure equalizer:US,2026548A[P].1953-05-19.
[5]李延民.潜器外置设备液压系统的压力补偿研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.LI Yanmin.Research on the pressure compensation for external hydraulic systems of submersible vehicles[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2005.
[6]吕百龄,刘登祥.实用橡胶手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[7]AXINTE I.Finite element analysis of the deformation of a rubber diaphragm[D].Blacksburg,Virginia:Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,2001.
[8]宁士夏.滚动膜片的特性及其应用[J].特种橡胶制品,1994,15(3):33-35.
[9]顾临怡,罗高生,周峰,等.深海水下液压技术的发展与展望[J].液压与气动,2013(12):1-7.GU Linyi,LUO Gaosheng,ZHOU Feng,et al.Development and future of deep-sea underwater hydraulic technique[J].Chinese hydraulics&pneumatics,2013(12):1-7.
[10]AMEDURI B,BOUTEVIN B,KOSTOV G.Fluoroelastomers:synthesis,properties and applications[J].Progress in polymer science,2001,26(1):105-187.