一种振动式苜蓿地土壤—根系破碎机设计
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摘要
针对目前苜蓿多年种植地土壤板结加剧,致使耕地土层结构密实且坚硬,压实效应过分显著,所引起犁底层坚硬,土壤容重增大,土壤营养成分迅速下降等问题,基于传统深松技术的基础上进行创新研究,设计出一种自激振动式苜蓿地土壤—根系破碎机。通过对破碎机的工作原理和根系破碎过程进行分析,计算确定主要结构参数,并对灭茬装置、整地碎土装置、限深装置等关键部件进行设计,以期为苜蓿地土壤—根系复合体机械化耕作机具的研发提供参考与借鉴。
In view of the increasing soil consolidation at the planting sites for many years,the soil structure of the arable land is dense and hard,the compaction effect is excessively significant,the plough layer is hard,the soil bulk density increases,and the soil nutrient composition rapidly declines.Based on innovative research,a self-excited vibratory soil-root crusher was designed.Through the analysis of the working principle of the crusher and the root crushing process,the main structural parameters were calculated and determined.The key components such as the stubble removal device,the soil preparation device,and the depth-determination device were designed so that the ground soil was not the research and development of the complex mechanical mechanized farming equipment provide reference and reference.
In view of the increasing soil consolidation at the planting sites for many years,the soil structure of the arable land is dense and hard,the compaction effect is excessively significant,the plough layer is hard,the soil bulk density increases,and the soil nutrient composition rapidly declines.Based on innovative research,a self-excited vibratory soil-root crusher was designed.Through the analysis of the working principle of the crusher and the root crushing process,the main structural parameters were calculated and determined.The key components such as the stubble removal device,the soil preparation device,and the depth-determination device were designed so that the ground soil was not the research and development of the complex mechanical mechanized farming equipment provide reference and reference.
引文
[1]南丽丽,师尚礼,张建华.不同根型苜蓿根系发育能力研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):117-124.Nan Lili,Shi Shangli,Zhang Jianhua.Study on root system development ability of different root-type alfalfa[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014,23(2):117-124.
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[5]杨光明,朱云,张瑞勤,等.我国深松机械的研究现状和发展趋势[J].湖南农机,2009,36(9):7-10.
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[9]李扬,孙洪仁,沈月,等.紫花苜蓿根系生物量垂直分布规律[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):793-799.Li Yang,Sun Hongren,Shen Yue,et al.The vertical distribution pattern of Alfalfas(Medicago sativa L.)root biomass[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2012,20(5):793-799.
[10]张璐,于路路,张强.振动式深松机的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(27):17079-17080,17083.Zhang Lu,Yu Lulu,Zhang Qiang.Research advances of the vibrating subsoiler[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(27):17079-17080,17083.
[11]孙洪仁,武瑞鑫,李品红,等.紫花苜蓿根系入土深度[J].草地学报,2008(3):307-312.Sun Hongren,Wu Ruixin,Li Pinhong,et al.Rooting depth of Alfalfa[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2008(3):307-312.
[12]王雪艳.振动深松技术与关键部件研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005.Wang Xueyan.Study on virbrating subsoiling technology and its key parts[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2005.
[13]郭金龙.振动深松机的设计与研究[D].石河子:石河子大学,2016.Guo Jinlong.Design and research on vibratory subsoiler[D].Shihezi:Shihezi University,2016.
[14]汤明军,王维新,李霞,等.自激振动深松机的设计与试验[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(11):150-153.
[15]刘俊安,王晓燕,李洪文,等.基于土壤扰动与牵引阻力的深松铲结构参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(2):60-67.Liu Junan,Wang Xiaoyan,Li Hongwen,et al.Optimization of structural parameters of subsoiler based on soil disturbance and traction resistance[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(2):60-67.
[17]李霞,张东兴,王维新,等.受迫振动深松机性能参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(21):17-24.Li Xia,Zhang Dongxing,Wang Weixin,et al.Performance parameter optimization and experiment of forced-vibration subsoiler[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(21):17-24.
[18]陈坤.后掠式弧形深松铲柄的结构优化研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012.Chen Kun.Study on structural optimization of extroverted arc subsoiler[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012.
[19]马守锋.深松铲工作状态受力分析与计算机模拟[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2004.Ma Shoufeng.Force analysis and computer simulation of the subsoiler in working state[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2004.
[20]崔涛,史智栋,杨丽,等.弹簧预紧力可调式振动深松机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016(S1):96-102.Cui Tao,Shi Zhidong,Yang Li,et al.Design and experiment of vibration subsoiler with adjustable spring pretightening force[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016(S1):96-102.
[2]万素梅.黄土高原地区不同生长年限苜蓿生产性能及对土壤环境效应研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.Wan Sumei.Study on alfalfa production performance and its ecological effects on soil environment in the loess plateau[D].Yanglin:Northwest A&F University,2008.
[3]杨新立,许治国.苜蓿春季种植的田间管理[J].草业与畜牧,2012(11):16-19.
[4]潘珍妮.国家商品粮种植田地规划设计管理[D].天津:天津大学,2012.Pan Zhenni.Study on croplaning and design management for the national commodity grain planting[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2012.
[5]杨光明,朱云,张瑞勤,等.我国深松机械的研究现状和发展趋势[J].湖南农机,2009,36(9):7-10.
[6]高小东,裴新民.国内外深松机现状及问题探讨[J].农业机械,2015(21):89-91.
[7]李扬,孙洪仁,丁宁,等.紫花苜蓿根系生物量[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):872-879.Li Yang,Sun Hongren,Ding Ning,et al.Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)root biomass[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2011,19(5):872-879.
[8]杨玉海,蒋平安,艾尔肯,等.种植苜蓿对土壤肥力的影响[J].干旱区地理,2005(2):248-251.
[9]李扬,孙洪仁,沈月,等.紫花苜蓿根系生物量垂直分布规律[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):793-799.Li Yang,Sun Hongren,Shen Yue,et al.The vertical distribution pattern of Alfalfas(Medicago sativa L.)root biomass[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2012,20(5):793-799.
[10]张璐,于路路,张强.振动式深松机的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(27):17079-17080,17083.Zhang Lu,Yu Lulu,Zhang Qiang.Research advances of the vibrating subsoiler[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(27):17079-17080,17083.
[11]孙洪仁,武瑞鑫,李品红,等.紫花苜蓿根系入土深度[J].草地学报,2008(3):307-312.Sun Hongren,Wu Ruixin,Li Pinhong,et al.Rooting depth of Alfalfa[J].Acta Agrectir Sinica,2008(3):307-312.
[12]王雪艳.振动深松技术与关键部件研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005.Wang Xueyan.Study on virbrating subsoiling technology and its key parts[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2005.
[13]郭金龙.振动深松机的设计与研究[D].石河子:石河子大学,2016.Guo Jinlong.Design and research on vibratory subsoiler[D].Shihezi:Shihezi University,2016.
[14]汤明军,王维新,李霞,等.自激振动深松机的设计与试验[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(11):150-153.
[15]刘俊安,王晓燕,李洪文,等.基于土壤扰动与牵引阻力的深松铲结构参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(2):60-67.Liu Junan,Wang Xiaoyan,Li Hongwen,et al.Optimization of structural parameters of subsoiler based on soil disturbance and traction resistance[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(2):60-67.
[17]李霞,张东兴,王维新,等.受迫振动深松机性能参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(21):17-24.Li Xia,Zhang Dongxing,Wang Weixin,et al.Performance parameter optimization and experiment of forced-vibration subsoiler[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(21):17-24.
[18]陈坤.后掠式弧形深松铲柄的结构优化研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012.Chen Kun.Study on structural optimization of extroverted arc subsoiler[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012.
[19]马守锋.深松铲工作状态受力分析与计算机模拟[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2004.Ma Shoufeng.Force analysis and computer simulation of the subsoiler in working state[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2004.
[20]崔涛,史智栋,杨丽,等.弹簧预紧力可调式振动深松机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016(S1):96-102.Cui Tao,Shi Zhidong,Yang Li,et al.Design and experiment of vibration subsoiler with adjustable spring pretightening force[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016(S1):96-102.