基于空间矢量及定子电阻压降补偿的异步电机交流预励磁起动研究
|
摘要
为了提高异步电机的起动性能,解决电机起动时出现较大尖峰电流、转矩响应较慢等问题,分析了上述问题出现的主要原因,进而提出一种基于空间矢量及定子电阻压降补偿的异步电机交流预励磁起动方法。该方法的本质是对磁链的控制,在空间矢量理论的基础上,对电机的动态方程进行深刻分析,揭示了起动电流过大的主要原因是由于磁链的不稳定,进而采用交流预励磁方法分别对励磁和转矩控制,使电机内部磁场在电机起动前平稳建立,而后控制电机的起动,并在整个动态过程中利用定子电阻压降补偿来抑制低频时磁链的波动。仿真结果表明,本方法能够使圆形旋转磁链逐步稳定的建立,实现了控制系统的良好解耦效果,能有效地减小起动尖峰电流,并且维持磁链幅值的稳定,更有利于电机的平稳起动。
In order to improve the asynchronous motor start performance,solve the problems including the large peak current and the slow output torque response,analyze the main reasons for the large start current,a scheme on asynchronous motor AC pre-excitation start based on space vector and stator voltage drop compensation was proposed. The essence of the method is to control the flux,on the basis of space vector theory,deeply analysis the dynamic equation of the motor,revealing that the main reason for the excessive start current is due to the instability of the flux,then use AC pre-excitation method to respectively control the excitation and the torque,the internal magnetic field was set up smoothly before the motor start,and in the whole dynamic process use the stator voltage drop compensation to restrain the fluctuation of the flux in the low frequency. The simulation results show that this scheme can make the circular rotating flux smoothly set,which achieve the good decoupling effect of the control system,can effectively reduce the start peak current,maintain the flux amplitude stability,and more conducive to the motor smooth start.
In order to improve the asynchronous motor start performance,solve the problems including the large peak current and the slow output torque response,analyze the main reasons for the large start current,a scheme on asynchronous motor AC pre-excitation start based on space vector and stator voltage drop compensation was proposed. The essence of the method is to control the flux,on the basis of space vector theory,deeply analysis the dynamic equation of the motor,revealing that the main reason for the excessive start current is due to the instability of the flux,then use AC pre-excitation method to respectively control the excitation and the torque,the internal magnetic field was set up smoothly before the motor start,and in the whole dynamic process use the stator voltage drop compensation to restrain the fluctuation of the flux in the low frequency. The simulation results show that this scheme can make the circular rotating flux smoothly set,which achieve the good decoupling effect of the control system,can effectively reduce the start peak current,maintain the flux amplitude stability,and more conducive to the motor smooth start.
引文
[1]阮毅,陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统-运动控制系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009:155-183.
[2]Hany M Jabr.Starting Performance of Saturated Induction Motors[C].IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting,2007:1-7.
[3]Davari S A,Khaburi D A,Kennel R.An Improved FCS-MPC Algorithm for an Induction Motor with an Imposed Optimized Weighting Factor[J].IEEE Trans.On Power Electronics,2012,27(3):1540-1551.
[4]Zhang Y,Zhu J,Zhao Z,et al.An Improved Direct Torque Control for Three-level Inverter-fed Induction Motor Sensorless Drive[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,2012,27(3):1502-1513.
[5]白华,赵争鸣.三电平变频调速系统中直流预励磁试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(3):159-163.
[6]罗慧,王庆义.基于电流解耦的异步电机V/F控制补偿方法[J].华中科技大学学报,2007,35(10):60-63.
[7]徐兵兵,何礼高.矢量控制预起动状态下电机参数的辨识[J].电源学报,2012,39(1):45-49.
[8]孟大伟,夏云彦.YKK系列中型高压电机起动特性的计算[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(7):50-59.
[9]齐丽英,王琛琛.一种异步电机的电流环解耦控制方式[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):174-180.
[10]郭伟,夏友亮.感应电机最小定子电流的PI预测函数控制[J].测控技术,2015,34(10):75-78.
[11]白华,赵争鸣.磁场定向与直接转矩控制变频器鲁棒性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(1):91-95.
[12]白华,赵争鸣.三电平高压大容量变频调速系统中的预励磁方案[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(11):91-97.
[13]刘锦波,张承慧.电机与拖动[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006:257-261.
[14]Casadei D,Serra G,Tani A,et al.Performance Analysis of a Speedsensorless Induction Motor Drive Based on a Constant-switching-frequency DTC Scheme[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2003,39(2):476-484.
[15]胡斯登,赵争鸣.基于磁链控制的异步电机V/F控制系统直流预励磁起动方法[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(7):118-123.
[16]耿士广,胡安.矢量控制感应电机起动机理及直流预励磁研究[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(3):29-35.
[2]Hany M Jabr.Starting Performance of Saturated Induction Motors[C].IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting,2007:1-7.
[3]Davari S A,Khaburi D A,Kennel R.An Improved FCS-MPC Algorithm for an Induction Motor with an Imposed Optimized Weighting Factor[J].IEEE Trans.On Power Electronics,2012,27(3):1540-1551.
[4]Zhang Y,Zhu J,Zhao Z,et al.An Improved Direct Torque Control for Three-level Inverter-fed Induction Motor Sensorless Drive[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,2012,27(3):1502-1513.
[5]白华,赵争鸣.三电平变频调速系统中直流预励磁试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(3):159-163.
[6]罗慧,王庆义.基于电流解耦的异步电机V/F控制补偿方法[J].华中科技大学学报,2007,35(10):60-63.
[7]徐兵兵,何礼高.矢量控制预起动状态下电机参数的辨识[J].电源学报,2012,39(1):45-49.
[8]孟大伟,夏云彦.YKK系列中型高压电机起动特性的计算[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(7):50-59.
[9]齐丽英,王琛琛.一种异步电机的电流环解耦控制方式[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(5):174-180.
[10]郭伟,夏友亮.感应电机最小定子电流的PI预测函数控制[J].测控技术,2015,34(10):75-78.
[11]白华,赵争鸣.磁场定向与直接转矩控制变频器鲁棒性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(1):91-95.
[12]白华,赵争鸣.三电平高压大容量变频调速系统中的预励磁方案[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(11):91-97.
[13]刘锦波,张承慧.电机与拖动[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006:257-261.
[14]Casadei D,Serra G,Tani A,et al.Performance Analysis of a Speedsensorless Induction Motor Drive Based on a Constant-switching-frequency DTC Scheme[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2003,39(2):476-484.
[15]胡斯登,赵争鸣.基于磁链控制的异步电机V/F控制系统直流预励磁起动方法[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(7):118-123.
[16]耿士广,胡安.矢量控制感应电机起动机理及直流预励磁研究[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(3):29-35.