油藏铁还原微生物的研究进展
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摘要
地下深部油藏通常为高温、高压以及高盐的极端环境,含有非常丰富的本源嗜热厌氧微生物,按代谢类群可分为发酵细菌、硫酸盐还原菌、产甲烷古菌和铁还原菌。从油田环境已经分离出90株铁还原微生物,如热袍菌目、热厌氧杆菌目、脱铁杆菌目、δ-变形菌纲脱硫单胞菌目、γ-变形菌纲希瓦氏菌属和广古菌门栖热球菌属等,这些菌株生长温度范围为4-85°C,生长盐度范围为0.1%-10.0%NaCl,还未见到文献报道油藏铁还原菌的耐压性研究。在油藏环境中存在微生物、矿物和流体(油/水)三者之间的相互作用,油藏中的粘土矿物能够作为微生物生命活动的载体,也能为微生物代谢作用提供电子受体。本文综述了油藏铁还原菌分离和表征的研究进展,简述了油藏铁还原菌的环境适用性,并展望了铁还原菌在提高原油采收率方面的应用前景。
Oil reservoirs are often deep subsurface extreme environments with high temperatures,pressures, and salinities. Several physiological and taxonomic groups of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria are present in the oil reservoirs, such as fermentative, methanogenic, sulfate-reducing and Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing microorganisms. A total of 90 strains of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria have been isolated from oilfield fluids and identified as the genus Thermotoga, Thermoanaerobacter, Deferribacteres, the order Desulfuromonadales within the class Deltaproteobacteria, the order Shewanella within the class Gammaproteobacteria, and Thermococcus within the Euryarchaeota, in the growth temperature range of4-85 °C and the growth salinity range of 0.1%-10% NaCl. The growth pressure range of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing microorganisms in oil reservoirs has not been reported yet. There is strong interaction among the microorganisms, minerals and fluids(oil/water) at the actual reservoir conditions. The clay minerals can serve as carriers for microbial life activities and also provide electron acceptors for microbial metabolism.Here, we present the current status of isolation and characterization of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria in oil reservoirs, describe the environmental applicability of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria, and predict microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR) application prospects by using Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria.
Oil reservoirs are often deep subsurface extreme environments with high temperatures,pressures, and salinities. Several physiological and taxonomic groups of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria are present in the oil reservoirs, such as fermentative, methanogenic, sulfate-reducing and Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing microorganisms. A total of 90 strains of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria have been isolated from oilfield fluids and identified as the genus Thermotoga, Thermoanaerobacter, Deferribacteres, the order Desulfuromonadales within the class Deltaproteobacteria, the order Shewanella within the class Gammaproteobacteria, and Thermococcus within the Euryarchaeota, in the growth temperature range of4-85 °C and the growth salinity range of 0.1%-10% NaCl. The growth pressure range of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing microorganisms in oil reservoirs has not been reported yet. There is strong interaction among the microorganisms, minerals and fluids(oil/water) at the actual reservoir conditions. The clay minerals can serve as carriers for microbial life activities and also provide electron acceptors for microbial metabolism.Here, we present the current status of isolation and characterization of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria in oil reservoirs, describe the environmental applicability of Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria, and predict microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR) application prospects by using Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria.
引文
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[2]Yue QY,Song L,Pan Y,et al.The application research status of microbial enhanced oil recovery[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2017,46(3):577-580,585(in Chinese)岳庆友,宋力,潘一,等.微生物驱油技术的应用研究进展[J].应用化工,2017,46(3):577-580,585
[3]Kryachko Y.Novel approaches to microbial enhancement of oil recovery[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2018,266:118-123
[4]Starkey RL,Halvorson HO.Studies on the transformations of iron in nature.II.concerning the importance of micro?ganisms in the solution and precipitation of iron[J].Soil Science,1927,24(6):381-402
[5]Semple KM,Westlake DWS.Characterization of iron-reducing Alteromonas putrefaciens strains from oil field fluids[J].Canadian Journal of Microbiology,1987,33(5):366-371
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[7]Greene AC,Patel BKC,Sheehy AJ.Deferribacter thermophilus gen.nov.,sp.nov.,a novel thermophilic manganese-and iron-reducing bacterium isolated from a petroleum reservoir[J].International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,1997,47(2):505-509
[8]Slobodkin AI,Jeanthon C,L’Haridon S,et al.Dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III)by thermophilic bacteria and archaea in deep subsurface petroleum reservoirs of Western Siberia[J].Current Microbiology,1999,39(2):99-102
[9]Greene AC,Patel BKC,Yacob S.Geoalkalibacter subterraneus sp.nov.,an anaerobic Fe(III)-and Mn(IV)-reducing bacterium from a petroleum reservoir,and emended descriptions of the family Desulfuromonadaceae and the genus Geoalkalibacter[J].International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2009,59(4):781-785
[10]Stucki JW,Komadel P,Wilkinson HT.Microbial reduction of structural iron(III)in smectites[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1987,51(6):1663-1665
[11]Li YL,Vali H,Sears SK,et al.Iron reduction and alteration of nontronite NAu-2 by a sulfate-reducing bacterium[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2004,68(15):3251-3260
[12]Liu D,Wang HM,Dong HL,et al.Mineral transformations associated with goethite reduction by Methanosarcina barkeri[J].Chemical Geology,2011,288(1/2):53-60
[13]Orphan VJ,Goffredi SK,Delong EF,et al.Geochemical influence on diversity and microbial processes in high temperature oil reservoirs[J].Geomicrobiology Journal,2003,20(4):295-311
[14]Takahata Y,Nishijima M,Hoaki T,et al.Distribution and physiological characteristics of hyperthermophiles in the Kubiki Oil Reservoir in Niigata,Japan[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2000,66(1):73-79
[15]Cao DY,Wang D,Li J,et al.Gas source analysis of natural gas hydrate of Muri coalfield in Qilian Mountain permafrost,Qinghai Province,China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(8):1364-1368(in Chinese)曹代勇,王丹,李靖,等.青海祁连山冻土区木里煤田天然气水合物气源分析[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(8):1364-1368
[16]Magot M,Ollivier B,Patel BKC.Microbiology of petroleum reservoirs[J].Antonie van Leeuwenhoek,2000,77(2):103-116
[17]Slobodkin AI,Wiegel J.Fe(III)as an electron acceptor for H2oxidation in thermophilic anaerobic enrichment cultures from geothermal areas[J].Extremophiles,1997,1(2):106-109
[18]Zhang G,Dong H,Kim J,et al.Microbial reduction of structural Fe3+in nontronite by a thermophilic bacterium and its role in promoting the smectite to illite reaction[J].American Mineralogist,2007,92(8/9):1411-1419
[19]Warr LN,Schlüter M,Schauer F,et al.Nontronite-enhanced biodegradation of Deepwater Horizon crude oil by Alcanivorax borkumensis[J].Applied Clay Science,2018,158:11-20
[20]Kim J,Dong HL,Seabaugh J,et al.Role of microbes in the smectite-to-illite reaction[J].Science,2004,303(5659):830-832
[21]Grassia GS,McLean KM,Glénat P,et al.A systematic survey for thermophilic fermentative bacteria and archaea in high temperature petroleum reservoirs[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,1996,21(1):47-58
[22]L’Haridon S,Reysenbach AL,Glénat P,et al.Hot subterranean biosphere in a continental oil reservoir[J].Nature,1995,377(6546):223-224
[23]Stetter KO,Huber R,Bl?chl E,et al.Hyperthermophilic archaea are thriving in deep North Sea and Alaskan oil reservoirs[J].Nature,1993,365(6448):743-745
[24]Liu D.Mineral transformations associated with structural Fe(III)reduction in clay minerals by different microbial functional groups[D].Wuhan:Doctoral Dissertation of China University of Geosciences,2012(in Chinese)刘邓.不同厌氧微生物功能群对粘土矿物结构Fe(III)的还原作用及其矿物转变[D].武汉:中国地质大学博士学位论文,2012
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[26]Zeng X,Shao ZZ.Microbial functional groups and molecular mechanisms for biomineralization in hydrothermal vents[J].Microbiology China,2017,44(4):890-901(in Chinese)曾湘,邵宗泽.深海热液区微生物矿化过程的功能群和分子机制[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(4):890-901
[27]Lovley DR.Dissimilatory metal reduction[J].Annual Review of Microbiology,1993,47:263-290
[28]Vargas M,Kashefi K,Blunt-Harris EL,et al.Microbiological evidence for Fe(III)reduction on early Earth[J].Nature,1998,395(6697):65-67
[29]Liu D,Wang FP,Dong HL,et al.Biological reduction of structural Fe(III)in smectites by a marine bacterium at 0.1 and 20MPa[J].Chemical Geology,2016,438:1-10
[30]Lovley DR,Chapelle FH.Deep subsurface microbial processes[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1995,33(3):365-381
[31]Picard A,Daniel I.Pressure as an environmental parameter for microbial life-A review[J].Biophysical Chemistry,2013,183:30-41
[32]Zhang F,She YH,Chai LJ,et al.Microbial diversity in long-term water-flooded oil reservoirs with different in situ temperatures in China[J].Scientific Reports,2012,2:760
[33]Wang SL,Wu XZ,Hao LH,et al.Mutation effect of ultra high pressure on microbe[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2005,45(6):970-973(in Chinese)王岁楼,吴晓宗,郝莉花,等.(超)高压对微生物的影响及其诱变效应探讨[J].微生物学报,2005,45(6):970-973
[34]Abe F,Horikoshi K.The biotechnological potential of piezophiles[J].Trends in Biotechnology,2001,19(3):102-108
[35]Fang JS,Bazylinski DA.Deep-sea geomicrobiology[A]//Michiels C,Bartlett DH,Aertsen A.High-Pressure Microbiology[M].Washington DC:ASM Press,2008:237-264
[36]Wang L,Nie Y,Song XM,et al.Microbial community in petroleum reservoir and its pressure adaptation mechanisms[J].Microbiology China,2016,43(11):2495-2505(in Chinese)王璐,聂勇,宋新民,等.油藏微生物及其压力适应机制[J].微生物学通报,2016,43(11):2495-2505
[37]Picard A,Testemale D,Wagenknecht L,et al.Iron reduction by the deep-sea bacterium Shewanella profunda LT13a under subsurface pressure and temperature conditions[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2015,5:796
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