交替好氧/缺氧下城市污水部分亚硝化的实现
|
摘要
在常温(16.4~25.5℃)及限氧(DO<0.80 mg/L)条件下,以处理城市污水的A/O除磷工艺出水为原水,采用中试规模(1.2 m3)的推流式反应器进行部分亚硝化试验。控制稀释率为2.26~3.37 d-1,调整4个格室的DO分别在(0.40~0.60)、(0.25~0.45)、(0.05~0.10)、(0.40~0.60)mg/L和(0.10~0.20)、(0.60~0.80)、(0~0.05)、(0~0.05)mg/L,均能实现部分亚硝化且效果稳定,亚硝化率超过95%,氨氧化率稳定在55%左右,出水NO-2-N/NH+4-N平均值为1.08。交替好氧/缺氧条件下,在较长的运行时间(180 d)内,反应器的总氮损失小于5 mg/L,未有厌氧氨氧化现象发生。FISH定量分析表明,氨氧化菌(AOB)占总菌群的比例为44%,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)为7.8%,AOB在整个菌群中占主导优势。
The effluent of an anaerobic /aerobic( A /O) process which removes phosphorus from municipal wastewater was used as influent of a partial nitritation process in pilot scale plug flow reactor( 1. 2 m3) with room temperature( 16. 4 to 25. 5 ℃) and limited oxygen( DO <0. 80 mg/L). When the dilution rate was between 2. 26 and 3. 37 d- 1,and the DO concentrations in four compartments were controlled at 0. 40- 0. 60,0. 25- 0. 45,0. 05- 0. 10,0. 40- 0. 60 mg / L,and 0. 10- 0. 20,0. 60-0. 80,0- 0. 05,0- 0. 05 mg / L respectively,stable partial nitritation was achieved with nitritation rate of over 95%,ammonia oxidation rate of around 55% and average effluent NO-2- N / NH+ 4- N of 1. 08. Under alternating aerobic / anoxic conditions,during the 180 d operation,the loss of total nitrogen from the reactor was less than 5 mg / L and anaerobic ammonium oxidation( ANAMMOX) did not occur. Quantitative analysis by fluorescence in-situ hybridization( FISH) revealed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria( AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria( NOB) were 44% and 7. 8% of the total bacterial population, suggesting that AOB were dominant bacteria.
The effluent of an anaerobic /aerobic( A /O) process which removes phosphorus from municipal wastewater was used as influent of a partial nitritation process in pilot scale plug flow reactor( 1. 2 m3) with room temperature( 16. 4 to 25. 5 ℃) and limited oxygen( DO <0. 80 mg/L). When the dilution rate was between 2. 26 and 3. 37 d- 1,and the DO concentrations in four compartments were controlled at 0. 40- 0. 60,0. 25- 0. 45,0. 05- 0. 10,0. 40- 0. 60 mg / L,and 0. 10- 0. 20,0. 60-0. 80,0- 0. 05,0- 0. 05 mg / L respectively,stable partial nitritation was achieved with nitritation rate of over 95%,ammonia oxidation rate of around 55% and average effluent NO-2- N / NH+ 4- N of 1. 08. Under alternating aerobic / anoxic conditions,during the 180 d operation,the loss of total nitrogen from the reactor was less than 5 mg / L and anaerobic ammonium oxidation( ANAMMOX) did not occur. Quantitative analysis by fluorescence in-situ hybridization( FISH) revealed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria( AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria( NOB) were 44% and 7. 8% of the total bacterial population, suggesting that AOB were dominant bacteria.
引文
[1]Hu Z,Houweling D,Dold P.Biological nutrient removal in municipal wastewater treatment:new directions in sustainability[J].J Environ Eng,2011,138(3):307-317.
[2]Strous M,Van Gerven E,Zheng P,et al.Ammonium removal from concentrated waste streams with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)process in different reactor configurations[J].Water Res,1997,31(8):1955-1962.
[3]Jetten M S M,Wagner M,Fuerst J,et al.Microbiology and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)process[J].Curr Opin Biotechnol,2001,12(3):283-288.
[4]Kartal B,Kuenen J G,van Loosdrecht M C M.Sewage treatment with anammox[J].Science,2010,328(5979):702-703.
[5]吴迪,李冬,刘丽倩,等.SBR亚硝化处理城市生活污水二级出水及其稳定性[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(11):6-10.
[6]ToràJ A,Lafuente J,Baeza J A,et al.Long-term starvation and subsequent reactivation of a high-rate partial nitrification activated sludge pilot plant[J].Bioresour Technol,2011,102(21):9870-9875.
[7]Fux C,Boehler M,Huber P,et al.Biological treatment of ammonium-rich wastewater by partial nitritation and subsequent anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)in a pilot plant[J].J Biotechnol,2002,99(3):295-306.
[8]van der Star W R,Abma W R,Blommers D,et al.Startup of reactors for anoxic ammonium oxidation:Experiences from the first full-scale anammox reactor in Rotterdam[J].Water Res,2007,41(18):4149-4163.
[9]Wang L A,Zhu J,Miller C.The stability of accumulating nitrite from swine wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Appl Biochem Biotechnol,2011,163(3):362-372.
[10]Li J,Elliott D,Nielsen M,et al.Long-term partial nitrification in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor(SBR)treating ammonium-rich wastewater under controlled oxygen-limited conditions[J].Biochem Eng J,2011,55(3):215-222.
[11]Amann R I,Binder B J,Olson R J,et al.Combination of16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes with flow cytometry for analyzing mixed microbial populations[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,1990,56(6):1919-1925.
[12]张昭,李冬,仲航,等.常温下低氨氮污水的短程硝化启动研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(9):35-39.
[2]Strous M,Van Gerven E,Zheng P,et al.Ammonium removal from concentrated waste streams with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)process in different reactor configurations[J].Water Res,1997,31(8):1955-1962.
[3]Jetten M S M,Wagner M,Fuerst J,et al.Microbiology and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)process[J].Curr Opin Biotechnol,2001,12(3):283-288.
[4]Kartal B,Kuenen J G,van Loosdrecht M C M.Sewage treatment with anammox[J].Science,2010,328(5979):702-703.
[5]吴迪,李冬,刘丽倩,等.SBR亚硝化处理城市生活污水二级出水及其稳定性[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(11):6-10.
[6]ToràJ A,Lafuente J,Baeza J A,et al.Long-term starvation and subsequent reactivation of a high-rate partial nitrification activated sludge pilot plant[J].Bioresour Technol,2011,102(21):9870-9875.
[7]Fux C,Boehler M,Huber P,et al.Biological treatment of ammonium-rich wastewater by partial nitritation and subsequent anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)in a pilot plant[J].J Biotechnol,2002,99(3):295-306.
[8]van der Star W R,Abma W R,Blommers D,et al.Startup of reactors for anoxic ammonium oxidation:Experiences from the first full-scale anammox reactor in Rotterdam[J].Water Res,2007,41(18):4149-4163.
[9]Wang L A,Zhu J,Miller C.The stability of accumulating nitrite from swine wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Appl Biochem Biotechnol,2011,163(3):362-372.
[10]Li J,Elliott D,Nielsen M,et al.Long-term partial nitrification in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor(SBR)treating ammonium-rich wastewater under controlled oxygen-limited conditions[J].Biochem Eng J,2011,55(3):215-222.
[11]Amann R I,Binder B J,Olson R J,et al.Combination of16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes with flow cytometry for analyzing mixed microbial populations[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,1990,56(6):1919-1925.
[12]张昭,李冬,仲航,等.常温下低氨氮污水的短程硝化启动研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(9):35-39.