高密度模块化TDI CCD成像系统设计
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摘要
为提升遥感相机的高密度组装技术,采用厚膜集成电路技术设计了高集成度的TDI CCD成像系统,并对该成像系统中的具体设计做了详述。首先TDI CCD焦平面通过机械拼接方式拼凑成可复制的单元。然后,通过三极管射极跟随器增强CCD输出图像信号强度传送给模拟前端芯片LM98640中转换成14 bit的数字信号,再传给现场可编程门阵列芯片XC5VLX50T-1FFG1136C缓存和整合处理。最终,通过TLK2711高速LVDS输出芯片传输给数据采集卡并在计算机上成像。该成像系统中所有的驱动信号和处理时序都是通过现场可编程门阵列产生的,计算机可以通过RS422通信总线对成像系统进行控制和部分参数修改。该系统中的驱动电路和CCD二次电源电路采用厚膜集成电路技术设计,提高了系统的集成度。实验结果表明:整个系统基于厚膜技术,驱动电路PCB电路板减少了2/3的面积,同时采用了机电热一体化的设计,实现了相机的高密度组装。该系统总数据输出速度达到3.6 Gbps,饱和输出图像信噪比52.6 d B。
In order to improve the high density assembly technology of remote sensing camera, a high density TDI CCD imaging system was designed with multichip module technology. First, TDI CCD focal plane with mechanical splicing technology was made to a copied unit. Then, the output energy of CCD output image signals was improved by a transistor emitter follower, they were transmitted to the analog front-end chips. Then they were converted into the 14 bits digital signals. After that they were integrated and processed through field programmable gate array(FPGA). In the end, through TLK2711 high-speed chip they were sent to data acquisition card on the computer. All the driving signals and processing signals of the imaging system were produced by the FPGA. The computer can control the imaging system and exchange the parameter through RS422 communication bus. The experimental results show that the area of driving layout cut down 2/3 than convention design. It realized the camera ′ s high density assembly adopting the design of the mechanical and electrical integration of heat. And the total data speed can reach 3.6 Gbps in this imaging system, SNR can reach 52.6 d B.
In order to improve the high density assembly technology of remote sensing camera, a high density TDI CCD imaging system was designed with multichip module technology. First, TDI CCD focal plane with mechanical splicing technology was made to a copied unit. Then, the output energy of CCD output image signals was improved by a transistor emitter follower, they were transmitted to the analog front-end chips. Then they were converted into the 14 bits digital signals. After that they were integrated and processed through field programmable gate array(FPGA). In the end, through TLK2711 high-speed chip they were sent to data acquisition card on the computer. All the driving signals and processing signals of the imaging system were produced by the FPGA. The computer can control the imaging system and exchange the parameter through RS422 communication bus. The experimental results show that the area of driving layout cut down 2/3 than convention design. It realized the camera ′ s high density assembly adopting the design of the mechanical and electrical integration of heat. And the total data speed can reach 3.6 Gbps in this imaging system, SNR can reach 52.6 d B.
引文
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[15]Hong Feng,Han Ronggui,Hu Xiao,et al.Efficient hardware architecture for miniature SAR on-board imaging processing system[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2014,36(4):672-678.(in Chinese)洪峰,韩荣桂,胡晓,等.一种高效的微型SAR实时成像系统架构设计[J].系统工程与电子技术,2014,36(4):672-678.
[2]Ocaya R O.Versatile CCD-based spectrometer with field programmable gate array controller core[J].IET Science Measurement&Technology,2016,10(7):719-727.
[3]Williamson J M,Bowling R J,Mc Creery R L.Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy with a 783 nm diode laser and CCD array detector[J].Applied Spectroscopy,1989,43(3):372-375.
[4]Zhang Lifeng,Xie Kai,Li Tong.Based in line scan CCD print image detection system[C]//SPIE Ninth International Symposium on Multispectral,2015,9813:98130Q.
[5]Shu Zhenghua,Liu Guodong,Xie Zhihua,et al.Segmentation algorithm of color block target captured by CCD camera based on region growing[C]//International Conference on Information Science and Control Engineering,2016:597-600.
[6]Pollehn H K.Performance and reliability of third-generation image intensifiers[J].Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics,1986,64:61-69.
[7]Liu Zexun,Wan Zhi,Li Xiansheng,et al.Influence factors on SNR of TDICCD space camera[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2015,23(7):1829-1837.(in Chinese)刘则洵,万志,李宪圣,等.时间延迟积分CCD空间相机信噪比的影响因素[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(7):1829-1837.
[8]Chen Mingjie,Gu Guohua,Chen Qian,et al.A multichannel CCD data processing and transmission system based on FPGA[J].Infrared Technology,2013,35(3):161-165.(in Chinese)陈明杰,顾国华,陈钱,等.基于FPGA的多通道面阵CCD拼接成像系统[J].红外技术,2013,35(3):161-165.
[9]Zhang Da,Li Wei.Highly integrated multi-spectral TDI CCD focal plane system[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(10):1018006.(in Chinese)张达,李巍.高集成度多光谱TDI CCD焦平面系统[J].红外与激光工程,2016,45(10):1018006.
[10]Zheng Liangliang,Jin Guang,Qu Hongsong,et al.Spaceborne CCD imaging circuit system with high signal-to-noise ratio[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2016,24(8):2027-2036.(in Chinese)郑亮亮,金光,曲宏松,等.高信噪比星载CCD成像电路系统[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(8):2027-2036.
[11]Chen Jianwu,Cao Kaiqin,Sun Dexin,et al.Driving techniques for high-frame-rate-frame transfer CCDs with low smear[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(1):0123001.(in Chinese)陈剑武,曹开钦,孙德新,等.高帧频低拖尾帧转移CCD驱动技术[J].红外与激光工程,2016,45(1):0123001.
[12]TI Corporation.TLK2711 1.6 to 2.7 Gbps transceiver datasheet[Z].2001.
[13]Li Hongfa,Xue Xucheng,Guo Yongfei.Optimization design of image conformity for double-tap CCD[J].Chinese Optics,2012,5(1):42-47.(in Chinese)李洪法,薛旭成,郭永飞.双抽头CCD图像整合优化设计[J].中国光学,2012,5(1):42-47.
[14]Xue Xucheng,Li Hongfa,Guo Yongfei.Anti-crosstalk techniques for high-speed CCD imaging circuit[J].Chinese Optics,2011,4(6):611-616.(in Chinese)薛旭成,李洪法,郭永飞.高速CCD成像电路抗串扰技术[J].中国光学,2011,4(6):611-616.
[15]Hong Feng,Han Ronggui,Hu Xiao,et al.Efficient hardware architecture for miniature SAR on-board imaging processing system[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2014,36(4):672-678.(in Chinese)洪峰,韩荣桂,胡晓,等.一种高效的微型SAR实时成像系统架构设计[J].系统工程与电子技术,2014,36(4):672-678.